Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2026
Forfattere
Rajiv Chaudhary Maximiliano Estravis Barcala Irena Fundova Tomáš Funda Zhi-qiang Chen Harry X. WuSammendrag
Background Drought intensity and frequency are increasing under global warming in the boreal forests, and breeding for drought resistance will facilitate adaptation of new planting material to changing climate conditions. We used a tree-ring dataset of 559 individuals to study Scots pine genetic variation and the efficiency of genomic selection of drought-response traits (drought resistance, recovery and resilience), for the first time. From genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS), 31,101 SNPs were generated and used for the study. Results Significant genetic variation was detected for drought-response and other growth, wood-anatomy and wood density traits. Heritability estimates for wood-anatomical traits were higher than those for drought-response and growth traits. Genetic correlations between drought-response and wood-anatomical traits were generally high but mostly nonsignificant. In contrast, drought resistance and recovery showed positive and significant correlations with basal area increment and height. We found that the predictive ability and accuracy for drought-response traits were lower than those for wood-anatomical traits, and were comparable between GBLUP and ABLUP. Greater genetic gain per year can be achieved through genomic selection relative to pedigree-based selection if the generation interval is reduced. Conclusions The positive genetic correlation between drought-response and growth traits will enable simultaneous selection for improved growth and increased drought resistant trees in Scots pine breeding through either pedigreed-based and genomic selection.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Wiktoria Kaczmarek-Derda Trygve S. Aamlid Ingerd Skow Hofgaard Tatsiana Espevig Khaled Murad Agha Anette Sundbye Zahra Bitarafan Kirsten Tørresen Heidi Udnes Aamot Andrea Ficke Gunda Thöming Annette Folkedal Schjøll Håvard Eikemo Anne Muola Therese With Berge Belachew Asalf Tadesse Jorunn Børve Arne Stensvand Nina Trandem Gunnhild Jaastad Bjørn Arild Hatteland Katherine Ann Gredvig Nielsen Nina Johansen Charles Kwadha Inger Sundheim Fløistad Martin Pettersson Zhibo Hamborg Carl Jonas Jorge Spetz Dag-Ragnar Blystad Özgün Candan Onarman Umu Marit Skuterud Vennatrø Jan Philip Øyen Solveig Haukeland Tor-Einar Skog Roger Holten Anne Straumfors Valborg Kvakkestad Line Ulberg Tveiten Ingrid FlatlandSammendrag
I Jordbruksoppgjøret 2025 (Prp. 149 S (2024 – 2025)) ble det enighet om at kunnskapsstatus og -behov innen plantehelseområdet fra 2019 måtte oppdateres. Det er gjort i form av denne rapporten. Den bestilte utredningen er avgrenset til skadegjørere og planteverntiltak som er relevante for jord- og hagebruk. Utredingen tar for seg kunnskap, prosjekter og kunnskapshull siden 2019 og fram til i dag (2026). Kapittel 1 omtaler metodebruk og plantevern i et beredskapsperspektiv. Kapittel 2.1-2.8 omhandler status for utfordringer med skadegjørere og tilgang til planteverntiltak for alle aktuelle plantekulturer for ugras, skadedyr og sopp. Kapittel 2.9 gir en oversikt over godkjente og utgåtte plantevernmidler siden 2019. Kapittel 2.10 omhandler skadegjørere hvor kjemiske plantevernmidler er i begrenset bruk. Det vil si virus, bakterier og nematoder. Kapittel 3 tar for seg ny teknologi og innovative metoder for integrert plantevern og faktorer som påvirker bruken av disse. Kapittel 4 omhandler miljø- og helseeffekter knyttet til bruk av kjemiske plantevernmidler, hvilke plantekulturer som utgjør størst risiko for negative miljøeffekter og faktorer som reduserer helserisikoen. Kapittel 5 tar for seg næringens behov og utviklingstrekk knyttet til kunnskap, rådgivning og tiltak. Dette kapittelet ser også på årsaker til eventuelle endringer i bruk av og behov for plantevernmidler som følge av for eksempel miljøkrav.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Abstract Incidence of the spruce gall adelgid ( Adelges abietis ; “spruce gall aphid” sensu common usage) was assessed as presence/absence in Norway spruce trials in Norway. The trial series comprised a long-term provenance test, a short-term provenance test (36 provenances), three diallel populations (10×10, 10×10, 9×9), a 10×10 factorial cross (100 families), and a clonal test (40 clones). Substantial genetic variation in gall incidence was observed among provenances, among families, and among clones within families. Provenances transferred from low- to mid-elevation Central Europe exhibited higher gall incidence than Nordic and Baltic origins, whereas high-elevation Central European material showed lower incidence. Family-level variation was detected in both natural-population diallels and breeding-population factorial material; a strong agreement was observed between family and derived clone performance (family–clone r ≈ 0.91). Variance-component analyses indicated predominantly additive genetic control, with additional non-additive effects in some crosses. Corresponding narrow-sense heritability estimates were low to moderate (≈ 0.06–0.22). Site effects were evident, with higher expression associated with greater vigor on fertile soils in some trials. Overall, the results indicate that selection for reduced galling is feasible and that provenance choice and site fertility should be considered in deployment and climate-adaptation strategies.
Sammendrag
Du vanner og vanner, men treet drysser likevel. En forsker forklarer hvorfor vanningen ikke alltid hjelper.
2025
Forfattere
Alexandro B. Leverkus María Medina Alba Lazaro-Gonzalez Laura Levy Olivia Lorente-Casalini Marino P. Reyes Martín Enrique Andivia Alessandro Bizzarri Henrik Böhlenius Vito E. Cambria Claudia Cocozza Branislav Cvjetkovic Giovanbattista de Dato Lenka Ehrenbergerova Peter Ferus Lorena Gomez-Aparicio Arndt Hampe Kjersti Holt Hanssen Marcin Jakubowski Ivona Kerkez Jankovic Marcin Klisz Wojciech Kowalkowski Klaus Kremer Jelena Lazarevic Dagnija Lazdina Emanuele Lingua Magnus Löf Manuel E. Lucas-Borja Adrian Łukowski Paula Maia Paola Mairota Alberto Maltoni Barbara Mariotti Raffaella Marzano Lucia Mondanelli Antonio Montagnoli Maria Cristina Monteverdi Francisco B. Navarro Reyes Juan A. Oliet Maria S. Patrício Zoran Poduska Vladan Popovic Radosław Puchałka Piotr Robakowski Piotr Sewerniak Carmen Urena-Lara Pedro Villar-Salvador Johanna Witzell Nicolo Anselmetto Inger Sundheim FløistadSammendrag
Seedling emergence constitutes a critical recruitment step, and early growth relates to plant competitive ability. Understanding their drivers has implications for forestry and forest ecosystem conservation, restoration, and adaptation to climate change. We seeded 6984 acorns in an experiment with 97 cases at 45 sites in 15 European countries, encompassing 12 oak species. We tested whether the quality of the acorn batch, site-level weather and soil characteristics, year of seeding, and species’ mean specific leaf area (SLA) affected the emergence and early growth of seedlings after the first summer. Germination potential and acorn dry weight, measured under controlled conditions, were positively associated with emergence and early growth. Seedling emergence was negatively associated with the mean monthly temperature and cumulative winter precipitation, and it was higher in the seedling cohort that was spared from the 2021 drought. Additionally, seedling emergence was positively related to soil nutrient concentration and negatively to increasing soil pH, but not to water-holding capacity, and growth was unrelated to soils. Species-level SLA was not related to either response. The four main study species –Quercus cerris, Q. ilex, Q. petraea, and Q. robur– responded similarly to weather but not to soil conditions. We conclude that, at a continental scale, and assuming that species establish within their current distributions, (a) oak seedling emergence and early growth are associated with acorn quality rather than species identity or SLA, (b) they are highest at sites with low winter precipitation and temperature, (c) emergence is reduced in dry years, and d) soil properties play a secondary role at this early recruitment stage.
Sammendrag
Duften inneholder en rekke stoffer som er en del av trærnes forsvar.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Katherine Ann Gredvig Nielsen Håvard Eikemo Martin Pettersson Venche Talgø Inger Sundheim FløistadSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag