Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2026
Forfattere
Thiago InagakiSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Chaochu Fang Minyan Wang Cheng Shen Yun Shi Jun Dong Lei Luo Su Shiung Lam Yin Wang Ming Hung Wong Nicholas Clarke Lei Wang Jin ZhangSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Rapporten sammenfatter resultater fra utredningsprosjektet «Jordbruk og karbonhandel – kunnskapsstatus og mulige konsekvenser». Formålet med denne utredningen har vært å belyse hvilke muligheter og begrensninger som ligger i salg av karbonkreditter for norske bønder samt å sammenstille og tilgjengeliggjøre informasjon om det frivillige karbonmarkedet og EUs frivillige rammeverk for sertifisering av karbonfjerning. Utredningen er finansiert av midler til klima- og miljøtiltak (KMP).
Forfattere
Felix Seidel Jorge Álvaro‐Fuentes Martin A. Bolinder Claudia Di Bene Mariangela Diacono Eugenio Diaz‐Pines Sophia Götzinger Thomas Kätterer Sonja G. Keel Katharina M. Keiblinger Jens Leifeld Jan Peter Lesschen Ioanna Panagea Daniel Rasse Christoph Rosinger Greet Ruysschaert Florian Schneider Daria Seitz Heide Spiegel Marjetka Suhadolc Silvia Vanino Axel DonSammendrag
Soil degradation threatens global agriculture by compromising soil health, while sustainable agricultural management enhances soil functionality and carbon (C) storage, thereby contributing to climate change mitigation. This study estimates the feasible C sequestration potential of ten agricultural management practices across Europe, by applying practice‐specific emission factors and identifying areas suitable for additional implementation. For each management option, the implementation area was defined based on environmental and technical limitations and, if applicable, EU regulations. The objective of this study is to identify general patterns, relative magnitudes, and plausible ranges of carbon sequestration potentials across Europe. Considering soil C from 0 to 50 cm depth, biochar application shows the highest and most robust potential, contributing approximately 34%–47% of the total estimated annual C sequestration rate. This is followed by agroforestry, contributing 24%–45% (of which ~10% occurs in soils and ~90% in biomass), and zero tillage with 11%–15%. Optimised crop residue management (4%–6%), forage legumes and temporary ley rotations (4%–5%), and cover cropping (2%–3%) contribute comparatively smaller shares. Non‐inversion tillage and irrigation offered a marginal C sequestration potential. By implementing all non‐mutually exclusive management options, the greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation potential is estimated at approximately 20%–30% of current, annual, agricultural GHG emissions in Europe (740 Mt. CO 2 e yr. −1 ), including the land‐use, land‐use change and forestry (LULUCF) sector. For the EU‐27, this corresponds to a similar range of 20%–31% of annual agricultural GHG emissions (614 Mt. CO 2 e yr. −1 ), also including the LULUCF sector. Evaluating trade‐offs and synergies of each management option is essential for achieving sustainable soil management. The success of C sequestration efforts in European agriculture depends on scaling up improved management practices. Meanwhile, soil C stocks decrease and entrenched policy as well as economic and other adoption barriers suggest that even the conservative scenario may be overly optimistic.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Kathrin Yvonne Weber Erlend Grenager Sørmo Gerard Cornelissen Alice Budai Daniel Rasse Harald Bier Troy RobichaudSammendrag
Biochar has emerged as a promising carbon dioxide removal (CDR) solution that combines long-term carbon storage with benefits for soil health, waste management, and industrial applications. This report provides a comprehensive assessment of the current state of biochar across feedstocks, production technologies, material properties, and end-use pathways, with a particular focus on its role in climate mitigation. Drawing on scientific literature and international case studies, the report evaluates the carbon sequestration potential, environmental performance, and technological maturity of biochar systems. It distinguishes between applications that deliver durable carbon removal and those that primarily contribute to emission reductions. The report further examines deployment barriers, including feedstock availability, regulatory frameworks, market development, and safety considerations, and reviews the status of biochar implementation across Mission Innovation countries. Based on these insights, it outlines key opportunities and recommendations to support the responsible scale-up of biochar as a climate solution.
Forfattere
Paloma Sánchez-Argüello Gema Sáez-Salto Alice Budai Pierre-Adrien Rivier Simon Weldon Antonio Martín-EstebanSammendrag
Compost application is a widely recommended practice to maintain and improve soil fertility. However, such a practice could be a main entry path for plastic into soil. Accordingly, in the present work, two different compost samples, obtained with and without biochar, were analyzed to investigate how composting can affect the presence of microplastics (MPs). The substrate of both samples (consisting of a mixture of household food waste and animal manure) was also analyzed for comparative purposes. Samples were processed by oxidation, flotation, and filtration. MPs on the filters were observed, counted, and size-calibrated using both a stereomicroscope and an inverted microscope. MPs larger than 1 mm were further characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). In parallel, mesoplastics (0.5–2 cm) were recovered from substrate and compost and extracted in methanol for testing in vitro cytotoxicity. The estimated concentration of MPs ranged from 820 to 1340 fragments/kg of dry sample, depending upon the sample. Three polymers represented the totality of identified plastic items: polyethylene (PE, including both low and high density), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polypropylene (PP) in order of abundance. Nevertheless, cytotoxicity was only observed in mesoplastic extracts from the substrate and could not be attributed to the identified plastic items themselves, suggesting that cytotoxic effects could have been caused by contaminants adsorbed to plastics or by the leaching of plastic additives during the extraction process. In summary, the composting process reduced the cytotoxicity of plastic extracts and the presence of MPs in compost, which could be attributed to the fragmentation of plastics.
Forfattere
James Weldon Wenche Aas Barbara Albiniak Algirdas Augustaitis Ieva Baužienė Camilla Capelli Nicholas Clarke Thomas Cummins Heleen de Wit Thomas Dirnböck Ika Djukic Karin Eklöf Martin Forsius Martyn Futter Ulf Grandin Sergei Gromov Adéla Holubová Šmejkalová Ricardo Ibañez Iveta Indriksone Sara Jutterström Johannes Kobler Heidi Koger Angelika Kölbl Andrzej Kostrzewski Anna Koukhta Pavel Krám Robert Kruszyk Esther Lasheras Kairi Lõhmus Mikołaj Majewski Ulla Makkonen Hampus Markensten Rafael Miranda Michael Mirtl Filip Moldan Giancarlo Papitto Johannes Peterseil Ainis Pivoras Thomas Plha Gisela Pröll Pernilla Rönnback Carolina Santamaría Jesús Miguel Santamaría Krzysztof Skotak David Elustondo Mercedes Valerio Sarah Venier Lieke E. Vlaar Liisa Ukonmaanaho Jussi Vuorenmaa Nicole WellbrockSammendrag
Abstract The International Cooperative Programme on Integrated Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Ecosystems (ICP IM) presents a comprehensive long-term dataset of ongoing integrated ecosystem monitoring from European forested catchments. The dataset encompasses measurements from 46 monitoring stations across 14 European countries, with temporal coverage mostly extending from the early 1990s to 2020 (48 sites are currently active). The integrated monitoring approach applies over 20 monitoring subprogrammes to simultaneously measure physical, chemical, and biological properties across multiple ecosystem compartments including atmosphere, precipitation, throughfall, soil water, groundwater, runoff water, soil, vegetation, and biota. All measurements follow standardised protocols detailed in the ICP IM Manual, ensuring data quality and comparability across sites and time periods. The dataset supports research on ecosystem responses to air pollution, climate change impacts, and biogeochemical cycling. Data are available under a Creative Commons By Attribution (CC BY) licence, providing valuable long-term environmental monitoring data for the scientific community.
Forfattere
Jiajun Wu Bin Zhou Zhehao Huang Zichuan Li Jingyuan Pan Kaihao Zhang Cheng Liu Yanjun Chai Yan Li Muhammad Azeem Nicholas Clarke Shengdao ShanSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Kathrin Yvonne Weber Erlend Grenager Sørmo Gerard Cornelissen Alice Budai Daniel Rasse Harald Bier Troy RobichaudSammendrag
Biochar has emerged as a promising carbon dioxide removal (CDR) solution that combines long-term carbon storage with benefits for soil health, waste management, and industrial applications. This report provides a comprehensive assessment of the current state of biochar across feedstocks, production technologies, material properties, and end-use pathways, with a particular focus on its role in climate mitigation. Drawing on scientific literature and international case studies, the report evaluates the carbon sequestration potential, environmental performance, and technological maturity of biochar systems. It distinguishes between applications that deliver durable carbon removal and those that primarily contribute to emission reductions. The report further examines deployment barriers, including feedstock availability, regulatory frameworks, market development, and safety considerations, and reviews the status of biochar implementation across Mission Innovation countries. Based on these insights, it outlines key opportunities and recommendations to support the responsible scale-up of biochar as a climate solution.