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NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.

2019

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Sammendrag

A grand societal challenge arises from an ageing population. Central governments respond by issuing an innovation imperative targeted at local municipalities as a major instrument to form a sustainable welfare sector policy. The presentation studies policies relating to one particular form of care innovation in the field of dementia care, in particular day care services provided by farmers – Farm Based Dementia Care – FBDC. The intention is to explore potential barriers to increased use of FBDC and the relevance of the current policy mix. Barriers are derived from innovation theory, theory of transaction costs, regulation and societal transformation. Observations from municipalities applying FBDC are used to understand the relevance of potential barriers. Relevant barriers are compared with the diversity of policies aiming to impact dementia care directly or indirectly, e.g. through general innovativeness at municipal level. Empirical observations are based on in-depth, semi-structured interviews with seven municipalities, complemented by contributions at workshops and previous analysis. When compared with the panel of policy measures and initiatives taken in order to make elderly care match future challenges from shifting demographics, we may identify strengths and weaknesses of policy aimed to manage the grand challenges arising from an ageing population.

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Sammendrag

Potato soft rot Pectobacteriaceae (SRP) cause large yield losses and are persistent in seed lots once established. In Norway, different Pectobacterium species are the predominant cause of soft rot and blackleg disease. This work aimed to evaluate the potential of real-time PCR for quantification of SRP in seed tubers, as well as investigating the status of potato seed health with respect to SRP in Norway. A total of 34 seed potato lots, including certified seeds, was grown and monitored over three consecutive years. All seed lots contained a quantifiable amount of SRP after enrichment, with very few subsamples being free of the pathogens. A high SRP prevalence based on a qPCR assay, as well as a high symptom incidence in certified seeds were observed, suggesting that current criteria for seed certification are insufficient to determine tuber health and predict field outcomes. Pectobacterium atrosepticum was the most abundant species in the examined seed lots and present in all lots. Consistently good performance of first generation seed lots with respect to blackleg and soft rot incidence, as well as low quantity of SRP in these seed lots demonstrated the importance of clean seed potatoes. Weather conditions during the growing season seemed to govern disease incidence and SRP prevalence more than seed grade. The impact of temperature, potato cultivar and Pectobacterium species on tuber soft rot development were further examined in tuber infection experiments, which showed that temperature was the most important factor in nearly all cultivars. Large-scale quantification of latent infection and predictive models that include contributing factors like weather, infecting bacterial species and cultivar are needed to reduce soft rot and blackleg.