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NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.

2019

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Abstract

Anthropogenic impact over the Pasvik River (Arctic Norway) is mainly caused by emissions from runoff from smelter and mine wastes, as well as by domestic sewage from the Russian, Norwegian, and Finnish settlements situated on its catchment area. In this study, sediment samples from sites within the Pasvik River area with different histories of metal input were analyzed for metal contamination and occurrence of metal-resistant bacteria in late spring and summer of 2014. The major differences in microbial and chemical parameters were mostly dependent on local inputs than seasonality. Higher concentrations of metals were generally detected in July rather than May, with inner stations that became particularly enriched in Cr, Ni, Cu, and Zn, but without significant differences. Bacterial resistance to metals, which resulted from viable counts on amended agar plates, was in the order Ni2+>Pb2+>Co2+>Zn2+>Cu2+>Cd2+>Hg2+, with higher values that were generally determined at inner stations. Among a total of 286 bacterial isolates (mainly achieved from Ni- and Pb-amended plates), the 7.2% showed multiresistance at increasing metal concentration (up to 10,000 ppm). Selected multiresistant isolates belonged to the genera Stenotrophomonas, Arthrobacter, and Serratia. Results highlighted that bacteria, rapidly responding to changing conditions, could be considered as true indicators of the harmful effect caused by contaminants on human health and environment and suggested their potential application in bioremediation processes of metal-polluted cold sites.

Abstract

Complex communities of microorganisms influence plant and agroecosystem health and productivity. Bacteria and fungi constitute a major part of the wheat head microbiome. A microorganism’s ability to colonize or infect a wheat seed is influenced by interacting microbiome. In Norway, wheat seed lots are routinely analysed for the infestation by Fusarium head blight and seedling blight diseases, such as Fusarium and Microdochium spp., and glume blotch caused by Parastagonospora nodorum using traditional methods (plating grain on PDA, recording presence or absence of fungal colonies) The purpose is to decide if the seed quality is suitable for sowing and whether seed treatment is needed. This method is time consuming, require knowledge within fungal morphology, and do not facilitate identification to species level in all cases. Molecular methods such as sequencing could allow detection and quantification of “all” microbial DNA, only limited by the specificity of the primers. Microbial profiling (metabarcoding) can be very time and cost-effective, since a mixture of many samples can be analysed simultaneously for both fungi and bacteria, and other microbes if required. In our project “Phytobiome” we used metabarcoding to analyse microbial communities in wheat heads and verify this information with results from qPCR and plate studies for a more complete study. Around 150 spring wheat seed lots from the years 2016-2017 (including two cultivars) were selected for analysis. One of the main objectives was to find microorganisms associated with seed germination. We will present findings from this work, but also some challenges when using PCR-based sequencing methods, especially regarding Fusarium head blight fungi.

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Abstract

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