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Publikasjoner

NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.

2019

Sammendrag

Rapporten gir oversikt over status for bevaringsverdige husdyr, skogtrær og kulturplanter. Sentrale begreper i genressursarbeidet for husdyr, planter og skogtrær er definert og forklart. For de bevaringsverdige husdyrrasene viser rapporten utviklingen over flere år for storfe, sau, kystgeit og hest og utviklingen av produksjonstilskuddsordningen for bevaringsverdige husdyrraser. Det er drøyt 30 arter av naturlig hjemmehørende skogtrær i Norge. Rapporten gir oversikt over hva vi har av informasjon om deres genetiske diversitet og bevaringsbehov samt bruk. Flere av disse artene finnes i ulike bevaringsområder spredd over hele landet. Bevaring av vegetativt formerte plantegenetiske ressurser skjer i feltgenbanker i såkalte klonarkiv. Rapporten viser hvor disse ligger i landet og hva som er bevart i slike klonarkiv. Rapporten viser også bruksomfanget av norsk plantemateriale, enten det er nyutviklede sorter i kommersiell bruk eller sorter som er hentet fra ulike genbanker.

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Sammendrag

A study was conducted on 124 farms in Sweden and Norway where fungal (all farms) and mycotoxin (100 of the 124 farms) presence was examined in wrapped forage bales. Samples were also analysed for chemical composition, and data on the bale production and storage system on each farm were collected. Fungi, analysed by three common sampling methods, were found in bales from 89% of the visited farms (110 farms). The most frequently isolated fungal species from the bale surface was Penicillium roqueforti. Mycotoxins were present in 39% of the 100 samples analysed. The most common mycotoxins present were enniatin B (14 farms) followed by deoxynivalenol (12 farms). The risk of finding fungi in baled forage samples was higher with odds ratio (OR) of 5.1 when less than eight layers of stretch film were applied, low seal integrity of wrapping (OR 172 at <10 s of seal integrity), higher dry‐matter content (OR 1.17–1.56 per % unit DM) and higher concentrations of acetic acid (OR 47.5 per g DM) and ethanol (OR 3.4 per g DM). Mycotoxin presence was not found to be correlated with any of the chemical characteristics of the baled forage, or with any forage production and management factors. A positive correlation was present between total fungal counts and general mycotoxin presence, but not between specific mycotoxins and the toxin‐producing fungal species.

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Sammendrag

The aims of this study were to find out if organic apple juice (AJ) contained higher contents of polyphenols or patulin compared to conventional AJ, and if higher storage temperature before processing increases patulin content in juice. AJ was pressed from Estonian, Danish and Norwegian apples. Additionally, three cultivars from Estonian organic and conventional orchards were stored at 3±2 °C and 9±2 °C before processing. Patulin, polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity were determined in pasteurized juices. In 2015, 33% of conventional (n=6) and 46% of organic (n=11) juices contained patulin; two of the organic juices above the legal limit (191 and 64µg l-1). In 2016, none of the AJs contained patulin. Patulin occurrence was more affected by weather conditions two weeks before harvest than by cultivation system and apple storage temperature. Polyphenol content was higher in organic than in conventional juices and was reduced at higher apple storage temperature.