Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2023
Forfattere
Matthias KoeslingSammendrag
Extending the FARMnor model (Flow Analysis and Resource Management for Norway) for sheep based on the guidelines from IPCC (2019) and Carbon Limits (2021). In the calultaions it is differentiated between lambs, sheep, ewes and rams and period in barn as well as grazing farm- and rangeland. In addition the possibility to include carbon sequestration due to grazing rangeland was added.
Forfattere
Matthias KoeslingSammendrag
Updating the LCA-model FARMnor (Flow Analysis and Resource Management for Norway) to version 09 allowing to conduct environmental assessment for pigs. FARMnor runs on the LCA-software Umberto and allows to use information from the database ecoinvent.
Forfattere
Cristina Micheloni Frank Willem Oudshoorn María Isabel Blanco Penedo Sari Autio Andrea Beste Jacopo Goracci Matthias Koesling Ursula Kretzschmar Eligio Malusá Bernhard Speiser Jan van der Blom Felix WäckersSammendrag
The Expert Group for Technical Advice on Organic Production (EGTOP) was requested to advise on the use of several substances with plant protection effects in organic production. The Group discussed whether the use of these substances and methods is in line with the objectives and principles of organic production, and whether they should be included in Reg. (EU) 2021/1165. With respect to Annex I to Reg. (EU) 2021/1165, the Group recommends the following: • Entry ‘Pheromones and other semiochemicals’: The present restriction ‘only in traps and dispensers’ should be complemented with the following text: ‘microcapsules shall be biodegradable and shall not be applied to edible parts of the crop’. • The introductions to Annex I and to the sub-chapters of Annex I refer to the authorization of pesticides pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009. The Group recommends minor editorial amendments to clarify that these references apply only when pesticides are used within the EU.
Forfattere
Cristina Micheloni Frank Willem Oudshoorn María Isabel Blanco Penedo Sari Autio Andrea Beste Jacopo Goracci Matthias Koesling Ursula Kretzschmar Eligio Malusá Bernhard Speiser Jan van der Blom Felix WäckersSammendrag
The Expert Group for Technical Advice on Organic Production (EGTOP) was requested to advise on the use of several substances with plant protection or fertilising effects in organic production, and to advise on aspects of organic production of yams. The Group discussed whether the use of these substances and methods is in line with the objectives and principles of organic production, and whether they should be included in Reg. (EU) 2021/1165. With
Rapport – Forprosjektrapport Fremtidens Fjøs 2022/2023
Atle M. Bergin, Tomas Heglum, Geir Ekker, ...
Forfattere
Atle M. Bergin Tomas Heglum Geir Ekker Asbjørn R. Olejnik Ole Joar Flatt Sondre Amdal Frode Brønstad Kenneth Amdal Hasl Marius Vold Johan Saugestad Brit Logstein Arnstein O. Gilberg Matthias KoeslingSammendrag
«Fremtidens Fjøs» er et forprosjekt initiert av Overhalla Fjøs med eierbedrifter (GB- entreprenør AS, Skogmo Tre AS, Overhalla Betongbygg AS og Overhalla hus AS) med mål om å finne ut hva som er hoved behovene til bønder når det gjelder design og utvikle miljøvennlig fjøs for fremtiden. Som utgangspunkt tok vi LCA-analyse gjort for melkefjøset på Beitstad utført av Skogmo Industripark tidligere, hvor målet var å finne ut hvilke deler av bygget som påvirker mest CO2- utslippene fra byggematerialer. Spørsmålet etterpå var hva som skjer videre, hvordan disse funnene kan brukes og hvordan vi går videre i utviklingen av bærekraftig fjøs.
Forfattere
Matthias KoeslingSammendrag
Årlig brukes det nesten 300 liter melk per innbygger i Norge. Og når bruk av energi er kostbar og utslipp av klimagasser må reduseres som et viktig bidrag til bærekraftig produksjon, er det viktig å finne gode løsninger. Hvordan kan landbruket bidra og hva kan forbrukeren gjøre?
Forfattere
Matthias KoeslingSammendrag
Årlig brukes det nesten 300 liter melk per innbygger i Norge. Og når bruk av energi er kostbar og utslipp av klimagasser må reduseres som et viktig bidrag til bærekraftig produksjon, er det viktig å finne gode løsninger. Hvordan kan landbruket bidra og hva kan forbrukeren gjøre?
Forfattere
Matthias KoeslingSammendrag
Årlig brukes det nesten 300 liter melk per innbygger i Norge. Og når bruk av energi er kostbar og utslipp av klimagasser må reduseres som et viktig bidrag til bærekraftig produksjon, er det viktig å finne gode løsninger. Hvordan kan landbruket bidra og hva kan forbrukeren gjøre?
Sammendrag
Pandora neoaphidis is a common entomopathogenic fungus on Sitobion avenae, which is an important aphid pest on cereals in Europe. Pandora neoaphidis is known to cause epizootics (i.e. an unusually high prevalence of infected hosts) and the rapid collapse of aphid populations. We developed a weather-driven mechanistic model of the winter wheat-S. avenae-P. neoaphidis system to simulate the dynamics from spring to harvest. Aphid immigration was fixed at a rate that would lead to a pest outbreak, if not controlled by the fungus. We estimated the biocontrol efficacy by running pair-wise simulations, one with and one without the fungus. Uncertainty in model parameters and variation in weather was included, resulting in a range of simulation outcomes, and a global sensitivity analysis was performed. We identified two key understudied parameters that require more extensive experimental data collection to better assess the fungus biocontrol, namely the fungus transmission efficiency and the decay of cadaver, which defines the time window for possible disease transmission. The parameters with the largest influence on the improvement in yield were the weather, the lethal time of exposed aphids, the fungus transmission efficiency, and the humidity threshold for fungus development, while the fungus inoculum in the chosen range (between 10 and 70% of immigrant aphids carrying the fungus) was less influential. The model suggests that epizootics occurring early, around Zadoks growth stage (GS) 61, would lead to successful biocontrol, while later epizootics (GS 73) were a necessary but insufficient condition for success. These model predictions were based on the prevalence of cadavers only, not of exposed (i.e. infected but yet non-symptomatic) aphids, which in practice would be costly to monitor. The model suggests that practical Integrated Pest Management could thus benefit from including the cadavers prevalence in a monitoring program. We argue for further research to experimentally estimate these cadaver thresholds.
Sammendrag
Pandora neoaphidis is a common entomopathogenic fungus on Sitobion avenae, which is an important aphid pest on cereals in Europe. Pandora neoaphidis is known to cause epizootics (i.e. an unusually high prevalence of infected hosts) and the rapid collapse of aphid populations. We developed a weather-driven mechanistic model of the winter wheat-S. avenae-P. neoaphidis system to simulate the dynamics from spring to harvest. Aphid immigration was fixed at a rate that would lead to a pest outbreak, if not controlled by the fungus. We estimated the biocontrol efficacy by running pair-wise simulations, one with and one without the fungus. Uncertainty in model parameters and variation in weather was included, resulting in a range of simulation outcomes, and a global sensitivity analysis was performed. We identified two key understudied parameters that require more extensive experimental data collection to better assess the fungus biocontrol, namely the fungus transmission efficiency and the decay of cadaver, which defines the time window for possible disease transmission. The parameters with the largest influence on the improvement in yield were the weather, the lethal time of exposed aphids, the fungus transmission efficiency, and the humidity threshold for fungus development, while the fungus inoculum in the chosen range (between 10 and 70% of immigrant aphids carrying the fungus) was less influential. The model suggests that epizootics occurring early, around Zadoks growth stage (GS) 61, would lead to successful biocontrol, while later epizootics (GS 73) were a necessary but insufficient condition for success. These model predictions were based on the prevalence of cadavers only, not of exposed (i.e. infected but yet non-symptomatic) aphids, which in practice would be costly to monitor. The model suggests that practical Integrated Pest Management could thus benefit from including the cadavers prevalence in a monitoring program. We argue for further research to experimentally estimate these cadaver thresholds.