Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2018
Authors
Katharina Strobl Claudia Schmidt Johannes KollmannAbstract
Phytometers are indicator transplants that provide information on site conditions based on plant survival,growth and reproduction. Since this is a relatively new approach, standards for its implementation remain to bedefined, for example, during peatland restoration. Peatland restoration frequently aims at recovering char-acteristic communities, and a key attribute of successfully restored ecosystems is their capacity to sustain viablepopulations of target species. When not actively introduced, these species are expected to establish on their ownafter improving site conditions, for example by rewetting. Assessments to determine whether this goal is metrequire the long-term monitoring of species’ presence, whereas the underlying causes of these observations, i.e.site or dispersal limitation, often remain unknown. Using phytometers within ecological restoration helps ad-dressing this question. The goal of this study is to compare the responses of several species and traits to en-vironmental conditions in restored peatlands. Three target species (Drosera rotundifolia, Eriophorum vaginatum,Vaccinium oxycoccos) were planted in restored montane peatlands in central Germany, while in a greenhouseexperiment, the same species were grown on peat from the field sites and exposed to two water levels. Severalplant traits were measured and compared with variation in light, water and soil conditions. The response tohabitat conditions was species-specific, indicating that the use of different phytometers increases the reliabilityof monitoring. Survival and growth traits were suitable to assess a wide range of abiotic conditions, whiledifferences in reproductive output were more time-consuming to measure. Survival provided the most conclusiveresults for species sensitive to stressful habitat conditions. Biomass and other size metrics of the phytometers, aswell as growth and reproductive traits were partly redundant. Thus, we suggest recording survival and biomassand use non-destructive growth measurements for repeated assessments, while the choice of the most suitablesize trait should depend on the growth form. Our study stresses the potential of phytometers for monitoring therestoration outcome, while highlighting the importance of species and trait selection.
Authors
Trygve S. Aamlid Tatsiana Espevig Pia Heltoft Thomsen Agnar Kvalbein Klaus Paaske Oiva Niemeläinen Pentti Ruttunnen Auli Kedonpara Tom Hsiang Annick BertrandAbstract
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Abstract
The Norwegian newly bred pear cultivar, Celina/QTee®, which was launched in 2010, has been released from the Norwegian breeding program that was initiated in 1983. It was derived from the combination ‘Colorée de Juillet’ × ‘Williams’. In Norway the flowering is medium to late and it ripens in the beginning of September. It has large attractive fruits with a red blush. It has a good fruit quality, storability and shelf life. Cross pollination is necessary in order to have high yields of this diploid cultivar. Pollination of ‘Celina’ with pollen of four donors (‘Conference’, ‘Kristina’, ‘Anna’ and ‘Fritjof’), together with open- and self-pollination were studied in this experiment during the 2016 season in Norway. The dynamics of the pollen tube growth (third, sixth and ninth day after anthesis) in style (upper, middle and lower third) and parts of the ovary in all crossing combination, were observed by fluorescent microscopy. Besides giving the best results regarding the average number of pollen tubes in different parts of pistils and the dynamics of pollen tube growth, ‘Conference’ was the only one of which the pollen tubes didn’t show any incompatible signs while growing through the transmitting tissue of the ‘Celina’ style. According to those preliminary results, ‘Conference’ was the best pollenizer, followed by ‘Kristina’. The study has to be repeated for another season.
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Dei semi-naturlige naturtypane Boreal hei og Semi-naturlig eng er vurdert som sårbar VU, mens Kystlynghei og Semi-naturlig strandeng er vurdert som sterkt trua EN. Strandeng er vurdert som sårbar VU. Slåttemark er vurdert som kritisk trua CR fordi arealet av denne naturtypen har gått kraftig tilbake siste femti år. Semi-naturlige naturtypar er avhengige av riktig skjøtsel for å oppretthalde artsmangfaldet og økologiske funksjonar, og den dominerande påverkingsfaktoren for alle dei vurderte naturtypane er endringar i jordbruket og mangel på skjøtsel som er nødvendig for å oppretthalde naturtypane.
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Authors
Anita SønstebyAbstract
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