Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2010
Forfattere
Leif Sundheim May Bente Brurberg Trond Hofsvang Christer Magnusson Trond Rafoss Arild Sletten Birger Solberg Halvor Solheim Brita Toppe Anne Marte Tronsmo Bjørn ØklandSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
VKM"s Panel 9 gives the following main conclusions of part 2 of the risk assessment: 1) Under the present climatic conditions, and if no control measures are taken, an introduction of PWN to the PRA area will not cause increased pine tree mortality. The level of uncertainty of this assessment is low. 2) Assuming the IS92a climate change scenario for the period 2000-2049 (RegClim), which involves a ~2 ºC temperature increase by the end of the period, an introduction of PWN to the PRA area will, if no control measures are taken, cause a minor increase in pine tree mortality (300 trees per year on average). The mortality can become larger if the temperature increases more than 2 ºC, and will gradually increase with time after 2049 due to spread of PWN. The level of uncertainty of these assessments is medium to high. 3) Any effects of PWN presence in the PRA area on export of wood and wood products will be of little importance. The level uncertainty of this assessment is low. 4) It will be almost impossible to eradicate PWN once it has been introduced to the PRA area. The level of uncertainty of this assessment is low. 5) The cost of a single eradication event as described in the preliminary contingency plan for the PRA area is approximately 700 mill. NOK. Due to expected spread, the total cost of eradication attempts following one introduction event will be approximately 2000 mill. NOK for the first 50 years. The level of uncertainty of these assessments is medium. 6) The negative effects of the control measures on the environment will be major. The level of uncertainty of this assessment is low.
Forfattere
Arild Andersen Trond HofsvangSammendrag
Gjennomgang av farer ved introduksjon av Liriomyza huidobrensis til Norge Evaluation of risks by accidental introduction of Liriomyza huidobrensis into Norway
Forfattere
Arild Andersen Trond Hofsvang May Bente Brurberg Christer Magnusson Trond Rafoss Brita Toppe Anne Marte Tronsmo Bjørn Økland Leif SundheimSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Arild Andersen Trond Hofsvang May Bente Brurberg Christer Magnusson Trond Rafoss Brita Toppe Anne Marte Tronsmo Bjørn Økland Leif SundheimSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Arild Andersen Trond HofsvangSammendrag
Evaluering av risiko ved introduksjon av Liriomyza sativae til Norge Evaluation of risks by accidental introduction of Liriomyza sativae into Norway
Forfattere
Ulla Karlström Kalevi Sivinen Bodil Hamborg Jensen Lise Gunn Skretteberg Børge Holen Anders JanssonSammendrag
In order to cover more commodity/country-combinations, the Nordic countries (Finland, Sweden, Norway and Denmark) are co-operating in monitoring. In 2008 the countries agreed to monitor samples from Africa. Together the Nordic countries analyzed a total of 623 samples from 18 different countries. Most of the samples came from South Africa (249), followed by Egypt (129), Morocco (92) and Kenya (88). In total 45 different commodities were analyzed, oranges (162) being the largest group, followed by beans with pods (80) and table grapes (71). In the analytical scope 220 to 345 pesticides and metabolites were covered
Sammendrag
A research has been undertaken studying pesticide residues in water from greenhouses and the use of soils and filter materials to reduce such losses. The pesticides detected in water samples collected downstream greenhouses include 9 fungicides, 5 herbicides and 4 insecticides. 10 compounds from flower and vegetable productions were frequently found to exceed environmental risk levels, and with a few exceptions the compounds were found in higher concentrations than those typically found in agricultural runoff. Some compounds were found in high concentrations (.1mg/l) in undiluted runoff from greenhouses producing vegetables. Nutrient concentrations in the runoff were also sporadically very high, with phosphorous values varying between 0.85 and 7.4mgP/l, and nitrogen values between 7.5 and 41.4mgN/l. Undiluted runoff from the productions showed values of 60mgP/l and 300mgN/l. High values of pesticides correlated with high values of nutrients, especially P. Column experiments using a sandy agricultural soil and stock solutions of non-polar and slightly polar pesticides mixed with a complex binder and nutrients showed a significant reduction for nearly all of the compounds used, indicating that transport through soil will reduce the concentrations of the studied pesticides. The pesticide adsorption capacity of the filter materials pine bark, peat, Sphagnum moss, compost, oat straw, ferrous sand and clay soil were tested in batch and column experiments. Adsorption were studied contacting the filter materials with aqueous solutions containing greenhouse production pesticides. The batch experiments showed that pine bark and peat, both combining a high content of organic matter with a low ph, provided the highest adsorption for most of the tested pesticides. Sphagnum moss, compost and oat straw also showed high adsorption for most of the pesticides, while the mineral filters provided the lowest adsorption (30-55%). Further column experiments confirmed these results, displaying the best removal efficiency in the organic materials, varying from 200mg/g in compost, to 500mg/g in moss, straw and pine bark.
Forfattere
Line Meinert Rød Gro Hege LudvigsenSammendrag
Det ble i 2009 gjennomført prøvetaking av grunnvannsbrønner i 9 områder i Norge. Prosjektet er en videreføring fra 2007 og 2008 - og har som formål å kartlegge forekomst av pesticider i viktige norske grunnvannsforekomster i tilknytning til jordbruksarealer. I hvert område er en til seks brønner prøvetatt i 2009, totalt 30 brønner. Det ble påvist pesticider i åtte av de ni områdene hvor prøvetaking ble gjennomført. Resultatene fra prøvetakingen viser at det påvises pesticider i grunnvann i jordbruksområder, men at konsentrasjonene i de fleste brønner er lave. Resultatene fra enkeltbrønner viser at mange brønner har funn flere år på rad, mens noen brønner hadde påvisninger ett år, men ingen funn året etter. I seks prøver ble grenseverdien for pesticider i drikkevann overskredet i 2009. Prosjektet er finansiert over "Handlingsplanen for redusert risiko ved bruk av plantevernmiddel".
Forfattere
Karl ThunesSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag