Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2007
Forfattere
Unni Abrahamsen Guro Brodal Oleif Elen Arne Hermansen Ragnhild Nærstad Arne Stensvand Venche Talgø Brita ToppeSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Dette er en gjennomgang av de viktigste resultatene fra et forskningsprosjekt om gjentatt bruk av undersådd kløver i økologisk korndyrking uten husdyrgjødsel.
Forfattere
Helge Sjursen Lars Olav Brandsæter Anne-Kristin Løes Trond Henriksen Mette Thomsen Ragnar EltunSammendrag
Tradisjonelt er grønngjødslingseffekten den viktigste årsaken til å benytte kløver underkultur i korn. I flere omfattende forsøk har vi imidlertid nå studert hvordan bruk av underkultur i korn påvirker veksten til både ett- og flerårig ugras.
Sammendrag
Good soil structure is recognised to be of key importance in organic farming, and soil compaction poses a major threat with respect to this. The relative importance of tractor weight (2-4 vs. 5-7 Mg), ploughing depth (ca. 15 vs. 25 cm) and wheel placement during ploughing (in-furrow vs. on-land) have been studied for four years on two soil types (well-drained loam and imperfectly drained silty clay loam) in southern and central Norway. On the site with imperfectly drained silty clay loam supposed to be most suceptible to soil compaction, the soil aeration and penetration resistance, but not the yield of barley, was affected by the treatments imposed. On the site with the well-drained loam, shallow ploughing with the heavier tractor and wheel in-furrow caused lower yields of wheat, but not of barley than did the other treatment combinations. This may partly be related to reduced air permeability and volume of air filled pores at 18-22 cm and partly to a higher incidence of perennial weeds after shallow than after deep ploughing.
Sammendrag
Norwegian agriculture is totally dependent on a safe supply of seed of winter-hardy timothy varieties. The annual seed consumption varies depending on the extent of winter damages, particularly in northern Norway, and the average seed yield varies with weather and harvest conditions in the seed-producing districts in the southeastern and central part of the country. To buffer these variations, seed companies always keep stocks corresponding to 50-100 % of the average annual seed consumption. Such large stocks are risky to maintain as seed lots will loose germination over time. Our objective was to elucidate the effect of seed harvest time and seed storage location on the longevity of timothy seed. In 2003, timothy ‘Grindstad’ was combined directly on 2, 5 or 8 August corresponding to a seed moisture content (SMC) of 34, 27 and 20 %, respectively. After harvest the seed was dried to 10-11 % SMC. Germination analyses were accomplished 3, 15, 26 and 38 months after seed harvest; the three latter after splitting each seed lot into four sub-lots that were stored either in a conditioned seed store (4ºC, 30% RH), or in unconditioned warehouses at there climatically different locations. While seed harvest time had no effect on germination three months after harvest, differences became increasingly evident as time went by. After 38 months’ storage, seed stored in the conditioned store or in the warehouse at the continental location Tynset germinated, on average for harvest times, 15-16 units better than seed stored in the warehouse at the coastal location Vaksdal; and seed lots harvested at 20 % SMC germinated, on average for storage locations, 24 units better than seed harvested at 37 % SMC. While it has long been documented that direct combining at high SMC may damage seed germination, there has been less awareness that this damage may not manifest itself until after a certain storage period.
Sammendrag
Tiller demography and contribution to seed yield were studied in first year seed crops of smooth bromegrass (SB, Bromus inermis ‘Lofar’) and meadow fescue (MF, Festuca pratensis ‘Salten’) planted on different dates and with increasing plant densities (A: 15 Jun. / 11 plants m-2, B: 15 or 30 July / 44 plants m-2, C: 15 August or 10 September /178 plants m-2) in field trials at Landvik, SE Norway. While the total tiller population in most crops increased until seed harvest, it decreased during panicle elongation in crops of SB and MF that had reached 2000 and 3500 tillers m-2 in early spring, respectively. Except for the fact that many of the primary tillers of SB died after producing barren stems, tillers formed in August and September had the greatest chance of becoming reproductive and produced the heaviest inflorescences in both species. Most tillers produced in winter or early spring either remained vegetative or died, but spring-emerging tillers contributed up to 30% of the total seed yield in early-established, low-density crops of MF. It is concluded that spring-emerged tillers contribute more to seed yield in MF than in SB and more in seed crops established early at low plant density than in crops established late at higher density.
2006
Sammendrag
I gjennomsnitt for 17 forsøk med soppbekjempelse i hybridrug i perioden 2002-2005 var det en relativ beskjeden meravling for sjukdomsbekjempelse og ingen sikker nettoavling. I 1/3 av forsøkene var det sikker avlingsgevinst for soppbekjempelse. I feltene ble det observert angrep av mjøldogg, grå øyeflekk og septoria. Soppbekjempelse i hybridrug kan være lønnsomt ved sterke angrep av mjøldogg. Ved anstrengt vekstskifte og værforhold som er gunstig for smitting av grå øyeflekk og septoria i perioden rett før skyting kan soppbekjempelse også være lønnsomt. Sterke angrep på bladene ser imidlertid ikke ut til å gi så store avlingstap i hybridrug som i hvete.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Mauritz Åssveen Jan Tangsveen Ellen Kristine Olberg Anne Kari Bergjord Olsen Lasse WeisethSammendrag
Tidlige og seine byggsorter, tidlige og seine havresorter, vårhvetesorter, høsthvetesorter og høstrugsorter er prøvd i forsøk på Østlandet. I Midt-Norge prøves tidlige og seine byggsorter og tidlige havresorter. Nye sorter og linjer prøves sammen med de viktigste markedssortene. Etter 3 års prøving kan nye sorter godkjennes for den norske sortslista. Både siste sesongs resultater og sammendrag over år presenteres.
Forfattere
Randi Berland FrøsethSammendrag
Ved dårlig vekst i kornplantene og lav avling er det som oftest nitrogen som er mangelvare. Dette kan skyldes lite plantetilgjengelig nitrogen i jorda og/eller dårlige vekstforhold for røtter og jordliv. Gjødsling med husdyrgjødsel vil oftest gi økt kornavling, spesielt på gårder uten tidligere husdyrhold.