Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2010
Forfattere
Arne Stensvand Belachew Asalf Håvard Eikemo Andrew Dobson Anne Marte Tronsmo David M. Gadoury Robert C. SeemSammendrag
Denne artikkelen omhandlar resultat frå prøving av ulike alternative middel mot jordbærmjøldogg. Forsøka vart gjort i laboratorium, veksthus og plasttunnel.
Forfattere
Lars Nesheim Ragnar Eltun Lasse WeisethSammendrag
Fleire oljevekstar som kan vere alternativ til raps og rybs som råstoff til ein eventuell framtidig produksjon av norsk biodiesel vart prøvde i forsøk på tre stader i åra 2007 til 2009. Resultata syner at ingen av dei prøvde artane er klare alternativ til vårraps med omsyn til frø- og oljeavling under norske tilhøve, men ei vidare prøving av sortar av crambe og oljedodre under ulike veksetilhøve på Austlandet kan vere aktuelt.
Forfattere
Frank MillerSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Kirsten Bundgaard Muath K Alsheikh Sissel Haugslien G Adam F. Dale Dag-Ragnar Blystad Carl Jonas Jorge SpetzSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
We have recently found that Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) can rapidly adjust its adaptive performance, probably through an epigenetic mechanism. This appears to employ a kind of long-term memory of temperature sum and (probably) photoperiod from the time of its embryo development. In our research we made identical controlled crosses and produced seed lots under controlled temperature and day-length conditions and later observed phenology, growth and hardiness traits in the progenies. It was repeatedly found that temperature conditions during seed set, in particular, influence the phenotypes of the offspring; seedlings from seeds produced under warm conditions have later terminal bud set and reduced autumn frost hardiness than those from seed produced under colder conditions, and thus perform like a more southern provenance. When embryonic clones were derived from mature zygotic embryos and were cultured at different temperatures, the plants cultured under warm in vitro temperature were the last to set bud and grew taller than those cultured at lower temperatures. Progenies produced in Norway by Central European mother trees had a bud set curve skewed towards that of the local Norwegian performance. A comparison of the performance of seedlings from seeds collected in the same provenance regions in 1970 and 2006 shows that the more recent seed lots consistently produce taller seedlings with a later bud set, probably due to higher temperatures during seed production in 2006. The effect of reproductive environment has been shown to persist for years. It mimics the variation between provenances from different latitudes and altitudes and may explain much of the observed variability in bud set and early height growth between natural populations of Norway spruce. The observed phenomenon suggests an epigenetic mechanism in the developing embryo, either zygotic or somatic, that senses environmental signals such as temperature and influences adaptive traits. Research is underway to understand the molecular basis of this mechanism. We will discuss the implications of this epigenetic phenomenon for the interpretation of provenance differences, for tree breeding and for its possible role in adaptation to climate change.
Forfattere
Antti Asikainen Karl Stampfer Bruce TalbotSammendrag
Large volumes of spruce-dominated forests established on steep terrain are maturing in western Norway. The level of harvesting needed in utilising these forests calls for investments in cable yarding, processing and transport systems, and updated knowledge on the appropriate technology for Norwegian conditions. In the yarding-processing-truck transport operation, the processor cannot operate if the cable yarding system does not supply trees at a sufficient rate or when the buffer storage becomes full. As a result, the productivity of the whole system is often substantially lower than those of the individual parts in the system. Discrete-event simulation has been applied successfully in the analysis of a wide variety of wood harvesting and transport systems, where the productivities of different parts in the supply chain are interlinked .....
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Solveig HaukelandSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Cecilie Mejdell Britt I.F. Henriksen Berit HansenSammendrag
The welfare assessment protocol ANIPLAN Calf is developed in the project "Minimising medicine use in organic dairy herds through animal health and welfare planning" (ANIPLAN, 2007 - 2010), by its Norwegian partners; the National Veterinary Institute and Bioforsk (Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research). The project is funded by the CORE Organic funding body network within the context of the European Research Area. The protocol is meant to be used for health and welfare assessment in connection to welfare planning on organic dairy farms. It will be a tool for the farmer to reveal important target areas to improve the calves" welfare. The protocol is developed for advice on Norwegian dairy farms, but can easily be adjusted for other country conditions and even for conventional farms. Detailed guidelines will be developed (for Norwegian conditions) as a help to less experienced assessors/advisors.
Forfattere
David Bredström Petrus Jönsson Mikael RönnqvistSammendrag
A cost-efficient use of harvesting resources is important in the forest industry. The main planning is carried out in an annual resource plan that is continuously revised. The harvesting operations are divided into harvesting and forwarding. The harvesting operation fells trees and puts them in piles in the harvest areas. The forwarding operation collects piles and moves them to storage locations adjacent to forest roads. These operations are conducted by machines (harvesters, forwarders and harwarders), and these are operated by crews living in cities/villages that are within some maximum distance from the harvest areas. Machines, harvest teams and harvest areas have different characteristics and properties and it is difficult to find the best possible match throughout the year. The aim of the planning is to find an annual plan with the lowest possible cost. The total cost is based on three parts: production cost, traveling cost and moving cost. The production cost is the cost for the harvesting and forwarding. The traveling cost is the cost for driving back and forwards (daily) from the home base to the harvest area and the moving cost is associated with moving the machines and equipment between harvest areas. The Forest Research Institute of Sweden (Skogforsk), together with a number of Swedish forest companies, has developed a decision support platform for the planning. One important element of this platform is that it should find high-quality plans within short computational times. One central element is an optimization model that integrates the assignment of machines to harvest areas and schedules the harvest areas during the year for each machine. The problem is complex and we propose a two-phase solution method where, first, we solve the assignment problem and, second, the scheduling. In order to be able to control the scheduling in phase 1 as well, we have introduced an extra cost component that controls the geographical distribution of harvest areas for each machine in phase 1. We have tested the solution approach on a case study from one of the larger Swedish forest companies. This case study involves 46 machines and 968 harvest areas representing a log volume of 1.33 million cubic meters. We describe some numerical results and experience from the development and tests.