Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2009
Forfattere
Anne-Grete Buseth BlankenbergSammendrag
Den 13de Internationale konferansen «Conference on Diffuse Pollution and Integrated Watershed Management, DIPCON 2009» ble avholdt I Seoul, Korea 12-15 October 2009. DIPCON organiseres av International Water Association (IWA) for ulike grupper forskere, forvaltning og andre deltakere med interesse innen vannforvaltning. I 2009 ble konferansen DIPCON ledet av Prof. Sung-Ryong Ha fra Chungbuk National University, Korea. Konferansen i 2009 hadde teknisk utferd til blant annet Cheonggyecheon (elvesystem gjennom Seoul by), som etter sigende er verdens største restaureringsprosjekt av et elvesystem. Restaureringsarbeidet ble gjennomført i perioden juli 2003 til september 2006. I restaureringsarbeidet ble det lagt vekt på å få tilbake elvesystemet med broer og kulverter så autentisk som mulig. Fisk, fugle- og insektliv er igjen tilbake til bykjernen. Langs elvesystemet er det turstier med informasjon om elvens historie, flora og fauna, broer og kulverter med mer. En annen viktig fordel med prosjektet var at temperaturen i bykjernen ble redusert med 1ºC.
Forfattere
Knut Anders Hovstad Mikael OhlsonSammendrag
Plant litter is an important determinant of seed germination and seedling establishment. Positive effects of litter have received considerable attention, but few studies have explicitly tested whether seedlings are more facilitated by conspecific litter compared to heterospecific litter. In order to contrast conspecific and heterospecific facilitative effects on seedling establishment, we used Anthriscus sylvestris, Angelica sylvestris, Pimpinella saxifraga and different combinations of their seeds and litter seedbeds as a model system. Although litter had a significant species-specific effect on seedling emergence, we found no evidence of strictly conspecific facilitation. Anthriscus sylvestris displayed a positive response to all types of litter. In contrast, there was a clear negative effect of conspecific litter in Pimpinella saxifraga. Activated carbon did not modify the negative effect, indicating that chemical compounds were not the cause. Our study suggests a high level of idiosyncrasy in response to litter at the species level.
Forfattere
Benajmin Nölting Anne-Kristin Løes Carola StrassnerSammendrag
I forskningsprosjektet "Innovative løsninger for økologisk mat i offentlige serveringstilbud til barn og unge" (iPOPY) er det mange ulike perspektiver. Ulike land, og forskere med ulik faglig bakgrunn deltar i undersøkelsene. Dette er en nødvendig betingelse for en helhetlig forståelse av offentlige matserveringstilbud til ungdom. I et slikt prosjekt er det en utfordring å integrere resultatene fra ulike arbeidsområder. Da trenger vi en tverrfaglig tilnærming som kan stimulere til diskusjon. I denne rapporten er en mulig metode beskrevet, konstellasjonsanalyse. I denne arbeidsmetoden forutsettes det at sosiale, fysisk/biologiske og tekniske elementer og utviklingsforløp er nært sammenvevd, og at man må ta hensyn til heterogeniteten i disse elementene og utviklingsforløpene nå de skal analyseres. Konstellasjonsanalysen kan tjene som en brobygger mellom arbeidspakkene og et redskap for å integrere prosjektresultater. Arbeidspakke 1 har ansvaret for å trekke konklusjoner fra prosjektet som helhet. I rapporten er foreløpige resultat av en konstellasjons¬analyse av et (økologisk) skolemat-system vist som eksempel. I et vedlegg er det vist en ordliste (iPOPY glossary) som forklarer og avgrenser bruken av viktige begrep i prosjektet. Denne ordlisten vil bli videre utviklet, og kan senere bli publisert i annen form.
Forfattere
Benjamin Nölting Anne-Kristin Løes Carola StrassnerSammendrag
The research project “innovative Public Organic food Procurement for Youth” (iPOPY) combines a multitude of national and disciplinary perspectives: a necessary condition for a holistic understanding of public organic food procurement for youth (POPY). One challenge of such a research agenda lies in the integration of diverse results. This calls for an interdisciplinary research approach that facilitates discussion about results generated in different work packages (WP). This report sketches the methodological tool constellation analysis, one of the basic assumptions of which is that technical, natural and social elements and developments are closely intertwined and can only be analysed by taking into account their heterogeneity. Constellation analysis may serve as a bridging concept for the integration and synthesis of project results, which is a task of WP 1. This report presents preliminary results from an explorative constellation analysis of (organic) school meals. In the appendix, a list of definitions with regard to POPY is provided – the iPOPY glossary, which may later be further developed and published separately.
Sammendrag
In high-latitude areas, landscapes with flat or moderate relief areas usually contain lakes and mires. The identification of flowpaths in such areas is a difficult issue. The increasing availability of high resolution topography from airborne Lidar measurements offers new opportunities for automatic or semi-automatic channel extraction from DEMs in small watersheds, substantially outperforming the hydrographic network in conventional digital maps....
Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Tor MykingSammendrag
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Sammendrag
Control of dock species are a true bottleneck in the development of grassland based organic forage production in Norway. Rumex obtusifolius, Rumex crispus and Rumex longifolius are among the most important perennial weeds in grassland areas throughout the world. These dock- species are undesired in grasslands because they decrease yields and reduce forage feeding value. The experiment in our study is carried out as a full-factorial design, including key-factors, which may influence dock behaviour significantly. The first factor, (i) date of grassland establishment, may be important for preventing /decreasing the flush of seedlings from seeds as well as shoots from root fragments. The purpose of the second factor, (ii) black fallow, is both false seedbed preparation and decreasing food reserves in underground plant parts. The third factor, (iii) is the use of equipment for cutting the taproot either (a) before ploughing by using a tractor propelled rotovator, or (b) cutting the dock taproot in the same operation as ploughing by using a prototype ¿two layer dockplough¿. The biological background for cutting the taproot before ploughing is that many studies have shown that new shoots only come from the 5 upper cm of the taproot. Furthermore, our hypothesis is that shoots from highly fragmented regenerative parts (the neck) of the taproot placed deep will not reach the soil surface before their reserves are depleted. Experiments were carried out at 3 and 4 locations in 2007 and 2008, respectively. Weed development were assessed as number of emerging seedlings as well as number of sprouting plants from root fragments, both in the year when the treatments were carried out and the following year. The results are yet not completely analyzed, but preliminary results indicate that plants from seeds frequently are more numerous than plants from roots. At least at some locations and years both the use of rotovator and the ¿dock plough¿, has reduced the number of plants from root fragments with approx. 50%. However, our experiments have shown that ¿dock plough¿ prototype has to be improved, especially because it did not cut the taproot near the open furrow, and did not bury the green parts well enough.
Sammendrag
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