Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2009
Sammendrag
While the number of organic farms was rising rapidly in almost all European Countries since the beginning of the 1990s, some organic farmers were opting out of certified organic farming the later years. For farmers in Estonia and Denmark, unsatisfactory economic results were named as dominating reason for opting out. In Denmark these problems were mainly due to marketing problems. Other important reasons in Estonia were too much bureaucracy, difficulties to fit animal production to the regulations and difficulties in weed control. Difficult and changing regulations, getting stricter over time, were mentioned most frequently by Norwegian and Austrian farmers and also important for those in Denmark.
Forfattere
Martha EbbesvikSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Nina OpstadSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
C. Kaiser J.M. Christensen l. Long I. Hanrahan Mekjell Meland E. FallahiSammendrag
Rain-induced fruit cracking in sweet cherries can be a major problem. In the Pacific Northwest, due to high labor costs, when fruit cracking exceeds 25% at harvest, fruit are not picked. OSU Horticulture and Pharmacy Faculty have collaborated in producing and patenting a novel, elastic, organic biofilm, SureSeal, which significantly reduced sweet cherry fruit cracking by up to 250% in Milton Freewater, Oregon and Loftus, Norway. Formulations of SureSeal are hydrophobic and consists of a copolymer of complex carbohydrates, phospholipids and calcium. Collaborative research undertaken over three years throughout the Pacific Northwest and overseas found that two applications of 1% SureSeal applied at straw color and again ten days later, reduced fruit cracking consistently when compared to untreated control fruit. Indeed, in Norway, fruit cracking was reduced from 24.6% to 9.8% when trees were treated with SureSeal in combination with plastic ground covers and a preharvest fungicide (fenhexamid). Furthermore, all these studies throughout Oregon and Idaho, found that SureSeal resulted in significantly (P
Forfattere
Trygve S. AamlidSammendrag
Like etter nyttår leverte Bioforsk og det finske forskingssintituttet MTT sin endelige rapport fra to års utprøving av Primo MAXX på golfbaner i Norge og Finland. Rapporten anbefaler godkjenning og foreslår doser og sprøyteintervall for greener, fairwayer og rough-arealer. Syngenta arbeider nå med formelle søknader til myndigheten i Norge, Sverige og Finland om godkjenning av preparatet, men for Norges vedkommende er det er tvilsomt om Mattilsynet rekker å behandle søknaden innen vekstsesongen 2009.
Forfattere
Trygve S. AamlidSammendrag
The plant growth regulator Primo MAXX® (trinexapac-ethyl) offers prospects for reduced mowing costs, lower CO2-emissions, better winter survival, and improved playing quality on turfgrass areas used for golf. As the second in a series of two, this report presents results and recommendations from the final year (2008) of a two year project evaluating Primo MAXX® on Nordic golf courses. The project was funded by the Scandinavian Turfgrass and Environment Research Foundation (STERF) and Syngenta, and carried out by Bioforsk and MTT, the state agricultural research institutes in Norway and Finland, respectively. In addition to the official ‘Good Experimental Practice" (GEP) trials needed for potential registration of Primo MAXX®, unreplicated demonstration trials were carried out on Norwegian Golf Courses under supervision of Bioforsk and with funding from the Norwegian Golf Federation (NGF). GEP trials established in 2007 on greens and fairways at Landvik, Norway (58°34"N, 8°52"E), and Lepaa, Finland (61°08"N, 24°20"E), were followed up by registrations of turfgrass winter damage in spring 2008. While no winter damage was observed at Landvik, monthly applications of Primo MAXX®, with the last application on 4 Oct. 2007, resulted in significantly less snow mold (Microdochium nivale) and tendencies to higher overall turfgrass appearance in both the green and fairway trial at Lepaa. New GEP trials were established on a creeping bentgrass green at Landvik and a Kentucky bluegrass / red fescue fairway at Lepaa in 2008. Because of the discoloration and post-suppression rebound effects reported in 2007, Primo MAXX® was applied more frequently and at lower rates than in 2007. In the green trial, weekly or biweekly applications of 0.15, 0.30 and 0.45 L ha-1 (17, 34 or 51 g a.i. trinexapac-ethyl ha-1) were compared with an unsprayed control treatment. On average for rates, frequencies and fifteen to seventeen observation dates, Primo MAXX® resulted in significantly lower clipping yield (-25%), significantly longer ball roll distance (+6%), and a tendency (P=0.07) to lower plant height (-16%) than on unsprayed control plots. Primo MAXX® gave significantly darker color, but had no effect on turfgrass overall appearance or density. Differences between application rates were not significant for any character, and differences between application frequencies were significant only for turfgrass color. In the new fairway trial at Lepaa, biweekly applications of Primo MAXX® resulted in significant reductions is clipping yields varying from 15% at the lowest (0.4 L ha-1) to 34% at the highest (1.2 L ha-1) rate. These reductions were accompanied by smaller, but significant reductions in plant height. The effects on turfgrass overall appearance, color or density were not significant.In demonstration trials on Norwegian golf courses, the average increases in ball roll distance from repeated application of 0.30 L ha-1 Primo MAXX® varied from 3 to 8%. An initial application at this rate resulted in discoloration in one out of three green trials, while initial applications of 0.8 and 1.0 L ha-1 resulted in loss of turfgrass quality in trials on a fairway and a semirough, respectively. These effects were temporary as the turfgrass recovered within 3-4 weeks and sometimes acquired better quality than in the unsprayed control treatment after the second application. In conclusion, we consider the documentation presented in this report to be sufficient to recommend Primo MAXX® being labeled for use on Nordic golf courses. We suggest that the following rates and application frequencies be printed on the label: Primo MAXX®, rate*Application intervalGreens (creeping bentgrass)0.2 - 0.4 L ha-1 Every one to two weeks Fairways (Kentucky bluegrass / red fescue)0.6 - 1.2 L ha-1Every two to three weeksRoughs & semi-roughs (Kentucky bluegrass / red fescue)1.0 - 2.0 L ha-1Every three to four weeks*Always use lowest rate for the first seasonal application of Primo MAXX®.
Forfattere
Trygve S. Aamlid Oiva NiemelainenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Systemet med etterkontroll og etterregning er basert på Forskrift om satser og etterregning i prisutjevningsordningen for melk av 12.12.03 som ble endret 13.06.06 med ikrafttredelse 01.07.06, og det er forskriften slik den lød fra denne datoen som er grunnlaget for denne etterkontrollen. Beregningene i etterkontrollen er gjennomført i henhold til Retningslinjer for beregning av råvareverdier i prisutjevningsordningen for melk fra SLF fastsatt 12.12.03 og på de prinsipper for etterkontroll som er utviklet gjennom NILFs foregående etterkontroller. Kontrollen av prisutjevningen har som formål å undersøke om markedsregulators faktiske (gjennomsnittlige) råvareverdiuttak er i samsvar med de forutsetninger som er satt i Forskrift om satser og etterregning i prisutjevningsordningen for melk. For å ivareta dette formålet er det nødvendig å gjøre beregninger for hele varespekteret inndelt etter de respektive grupper i utjevningen. For å kunne få informasjon om utviklingen i råvareverdi på enkelte sentrale produkter, har SLF bedt om at NILF utarbeider en detaljert kontroll som omfatter i alt 31 enkeltprodukter. Det er fra og med året 2004 en målpris på melk. Målprisen kombinert med avgifter og tilskudd i prisutjevningsordningen skal være utgangspunktet for markedsregulators prissetting i markedet og industriens faktiske råvarekostnader. For å kunne gjennomføre en etterkontroll for halvåret som forskriften foreskriver, har vi lagt sammen veid noteringspris og satsene for avgifter og tilskudd i de ulike gruppene. Med bakgrunn i disse råvarekostnadene er NILF bedt om å regne gjennomsnittlige faktiske råvareverdier for første halvår 2007. Markedsregulator registrerer noteringsprisen ukentlig, og for første halvår 2007 var den veide noteringsprisen 3,837 kroner per liter. […]
Forfattere
Carola Strassner Anne-Kristin Løes Niels Heine Kristensen Roberto SpigaroloSammendrag
iPOPY prosjektet fikk anledning til å organisere en workshop om økologisk skolemat på verdenskongressen fopr økologisk mat og landbruk (OWC) arrangert av IFOAM i Modena, Italia juni 2008. Proceedings er en samling av innlegg, både i artikkelform og som power point plansjer, fra denne workshopen.
Forfattere
Carola Strassner Anne-Kristin Løes Niels Heine Kristensen Roberto SpigaroloSammendrag
All contributions that are included in these proceedings were part of the 16thIFOAM Organic World Congress “Cultivate the future” that was held in Modena, Italy, from 16-20 June 2008 and its satellite activities. Embedded in this Organic World Congress as scientific component was the Second Scientific Conference of the International Society of Organic Agriculture Research (ISOFAR), also held in Modena from 18th-20th June 2008. This compilation should be seen as a complement to the Book of Abstracts of the IFOAM Organic World Congress 2008 and the Proceedings of the ISOFAR 2nd Scientific Conference, both of which can also be found on the CD-ROM with the complete set of the Proceedings.It was our great fortune as iPOPY research team that the IFOAM Organic World Congress Steering Committee agreed to let us host an afternoon session on public organic catering. This was integrated into the Organic World Congress programme on Thursday, 19th June, scheduled for 17:00-20:30. The organisers gave us their full support and we were able to bring together a truly international panel of speakers (presentations) and contributors (posters) which prove that the topic of public organic food for youth is currently enjoying worldwide attention. The purpose of the iPOPY project is to study how strategies and instruments for public procurement of organic food in serving outlets for young people may increase the consumption of organic food.In the workshop that we arranged during the Organic World Congress, the focus was set on organic school meals.