Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2008
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Whereas lichen growth rates have received considerable attention, comparatively few detailed studies of growth patterns have been carried out. Generally, most lichens seem to grow apically, with pseudomeristomatic tissue confined to lobe margins and branch tips. However, some species appear to retain the capacity to expand throughout the thallus. Such intercalary growth processes have proved difficult to confirm in the field for two- and three-dimensionally growing folious and fruticose forms. Using transplants of the conspicuous, one-dimensionally growing Usnea longissima Ach., we document that intercalary growth actually does occur, with thalli expanding geometrically in length with a doubling time of less than a year under favorable conditions.
Forfattere
Adam ParuchSammendrag
Det var Universitetet i Warszawa og "The Scholarship and Training Fund" som inviterte unge forskere og studenter til konferansen "Mobility of doctoral students and young researches within the European Higher Education Area". Bioforsk var det eneste norske instituttet som var invitert til å holde foredrag.
Forfattere
Anders Lunnan Inge Stupak Antti Asikainen Karsten Raulund-RasmussenSammendrag
Forest bioenergy is utilisation is closely related to issues of pronounced political importance such as energy policies and international processes for sustainable management, especially climate change and sustainable forest management. The book chapter discusses both aspects and end up by summing up the contributions of the WOOD-EN-MAN project.
Forfattere
Per-Arne Amundsen Karl Ø. Gjelland Anna Siwertsson Cesilie Lien Laina Dalsbø Hallvard JensenSammendrag
Spredning av fremmede arter er en alvorlig trussel mot naturmiljøet og det biologiske mangfoldet mange steder i verden, men kunnskapen om effektene som kan oppstå, er dessverre svært mangelfull. Et langtidsstudium av invasjonen av lagesild til Pasvikvassdraget i Øst-Finnmark viser hvordan en fremmed art kan påvirke det opprinnelige økosystemet. Effektene er mange, og det mangler ikke på dramatikk under vannflata.
Forfattere
M. Bagher Farmani Nils-Otto Kitterød Henk KeersSammendrag
A method is presented to estimate flow parameters and geological structure in the vadose zone by combining time-lapse Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) traveltime tomography and inverse flow modeling. The traveltime tomography is used to determine the spatial electromagnetic velocity distribution in the vadose zone. These time-lapse velocity images are converted to time-lapse volumetric soil water content images using petrophysical relationships. Subsequently, the water content images are used as constraints in the flow inversion. The influence of the tomographic artifacts on the flow inversion is minimized by assigning weights that are proportional to the ray coverage. Our flow inversion algorithm estimates the flow parameters and calibrates the geological structure. The geological structure is defined using a set of control points, the positions of which can be modified during the inversion. After the inversion, the final geological and flow model are used to compute GPR traveltimes to check the consistency between these computed traveltimes and the observed traveltimes.The method is first tested on two synthetic models (a steady state and a transient flow models). Subsequently, the method is applied to characterize a real vadose zone at Oslo Airport Gardermoen, Norway, during the snowmelt in 2005. The flow inversion method is applied to locate and quantify the main geological layers at the site. In particular the inversion method identifies and estimates the location and properties of thin dipping layers with relatively lowpermeability. The flow model is cross validated using an independent infiltration event.
Forfattere
Berit Nordskog David M. Gadoury May Bente Brurberg Tor Håkon Sivertsen Roy Kennedy Arne HermansenSammendrag
Bladskimmel utgjør noen av de viktigste plantesjukdommene i norske frilandsgrønnsaker. Sjukdomsutbrudd er vanskelige å forutse siden angrepsgrad og tidspunkt for første funn av patogenene kan variere fra sesong til sesong. Som del av et pågående prosjekt har smittekilder for bladskimmel i løk (Peronospora destructor), salat (Bremia lactucae) og agurk (Pseudoperonospora cubensis) blitt undersøkt for å sikre at riktige tiltak for kontroll gjennomføres. Forekomst av oosporer i blad og fordeling av sporer i luft har vært undersøkt. Dette arbeidet fortsettes i 2008 og 2009, og resultatene skal brukes til utvikling av bedre varsling av bladskimmelpatogener i Norge.
Forfattere
Berit Nordskog David M. Gadoury May Bente Brurberg Tor Håkon Sivertsen Roy Kennedy Arne HermansenSammendrag
Downy mildews represent some of the most important plant diseases in the production of several field vegetable crops in Norway. Disease outbreaks are difficult to predict since severity of the diseases and the first appearance of the pathogens can differ substantially between seasons. As part of an ongoing project, the initial sources of inoculum for downy mildews of onion (Peronospora destructor), lettuce (Bremia lactucae) and cucumber (Pseudoperonospora cubensis) is investigated to ensure the use of appropriate control measures for these diseases in Norway. Necrotic leaf tissue from infected plants has been examined for the presence of oospores. Oospores have so far been found profusely in lettuce and sparsely in onion, but not in cucumber. Other aspects that are surveyed are the distribution of spores in air. Spore traps are used to identify both the initial appearance of inoculum, and the presence and amount of spores over a field. To determine spore quantities, real-time PCR has been applied to analyze daily spore catch. These results were compared to data from parallel spore traps where hourly numbers of spores are enumerated by use of microscope. An attempt to backtrack an early infection of P. cubensis was made by producing trajectories to show where possible sources of infection may be located in the case of long distance distribution of spores by air. This work will be continued in 2008 and 2009, and the results will be used for better forecasting of downy mildew pathogens in Norway.
Forfattere
Berit Nordskog David M. Gadoury May Bente Brurberg Tor Håkon Sivertsen R. Kennedy Arne HermansenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Anne-Kristin Løes Benjamin Nölting Niels Heine Kristensen Roberto Spigarolo Carola Strassner Gun Roos Minna Mikkola Bent Egberg MikkelsenSammendrag
One of eight pilot projects in the European CORE Organic programme, innovative Public Organic food Procurement for Youth, (iPOPY) will study efficient ways of implementing organic food in public serving outlets for young people (2007-10). By analysing practical cases of school meal systems and other food serving outlets for youth, we will identify hindrances and promoting factors in the participating countries (Denmark, Finland, Italy and Norway). Policies, supply chains, certification systems, the young consumers" perception and participation, and health effects of implementation of organic policies and menus are focussed in iPOPY. The main aim is to suggest efficient policies and comprehensive strategies to increase the consumption of organic food among young consumers in a public setting, and fostering sustainable nutrition. Interdisciplinary project tools under development will be presented along with the first project results, which will be available by June 2008.