Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2010
Sammendrag
Scenarios of climate changes indicate longer and more frequent spells of mild weather during winter in northern latitudes. De-hardening in perennial grasses could increase the risk of frost kill. In this study, the resistance to de-hardening of different grass species and cultivars was examined, and whether the resistance changes during winter or between years, was tested. In Experiment 1, two cultivars of timothy (Phleum pratense L.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) of contrasting winter hardiness were grown under ambient winter conditions, transferred from the field in January and April 2006 to the laboratory for 9 d with controlled de-hardening conditions of 3°C, 9°C and 15°C. The timothy cultivars were tested at 3°C, 6°C and 9°C in a similar experiment (Experiment 2) in January 2007. De-hardening, measured as decrease in frost tolerance (LT50), was less in timothy than in perennial ryegrass and increased with increasing temperatures. The northern winter-hardy cultivar Engmo of timothy de-hardened more rapidly than the less-hardy cultivar Grindstad, but had higher initial frost tolerance in both experiments, whereas there was less difference between cultivars of perennial ryegrass in Experiment 1. Cultivar Grindstad of timothy lost all hardiness in early spring at all temperatures, whereas cultivar Engmo maintained some hardiness at 3°C. Cultivar Engmo de-hardened at a lower rate in 2007 than in 2006, in spite of similar frost tolerance at the start of de-hardening treatment in both years. This indicates that the rate of de-hardening was controlled by factors additional to the initial frost tolerance and that autumn weather conditions might be important for the resistance to de-hardening.
Forfattere
Aksel Døving Jan Karstein HenriksenSammendrag
Ulike typer duk til dekking har økt i omfang i hagebruk. Duken gir ei klimaforbedring og det er særlig tidligere bær eller grønnsaker det er fokusert på. I økologisk dyrking er det en fordel at dekking kan hindre innflyging av insekter. Dekking har også andre fordeler som raskere etablering etter planting og vern mot vinterskade. Ulempene er kostnaden, merarbeid og at ugraset også trives bedre under duken.
Forfattere
Aksel Døving Jan Karstein HenriksenSammendrag
Ulike typer duk til dekking har økt i omfang i hagebruket. Duken gir klimaforbedring og det er særlig tidligere bær eller grønnsaker det er fokusert på. I økologisk dyrking er det en fordel at dekking kan hindre innflyging av insekter. Dekking har også andre fordeler som raskere etablering etter planting og vern mot vinterskade. Ulempene er kostnaden, merarbeid og at ugraset også trives bedre under duken.
Forfattere
Ole Kristian StornesSammendrag
Dekningsbidragskalkyler for 2010/2011 er utarbeidet av NILF, distriktskontoret i Bodø. Kalkylene dekker Nordland, Troms og Finnmark, og er en oppdatering av et kalkyle-hefte som ble gitt ut høsten 2009. Kalkylene er nå tatt inn i NILFs notatserie og blir lagt ut på NILFs heimeside. Kalkylene finnes også i elektronisk form som en del av planleggingsprogrammet Norkap. Kalkylene er tilpasset gjennomsnitts avlingsnivå og priser i de tre fylkene. Avlingsnivå og priser kan variere betydelig innen hvert fylke. Kalkylene må derfor brukes med en viss omtanke, og en bør ikke ta fylkestilknytningen for bokstavelig. Distriktstilskudd for melk og kjøtt er ikke med i kalkylene, og må legges til. Prisene som er brukt i kalkylene, er justert etter siste jordbruksavtale og gjeldende prisliste for andre varer. Kraftfôrprisene bygger på prisliste fra FK Agri per 1.9.2010. Kraftfôret er dyrere per kg om det leveres i sekk enn om det leveres i bulk. Prisen på kraftfôr er dessuten høyere i 25 kg's sekk enn for storsekk. Ved store avvik fra våre priser, må prisene derfor justeres. Dette gjelder også kalkylene for poteter, grønnsaker og bær, hvor det er svært vanskelig å spå prisutviklingen for kommende sesong. I heftet er det også tatt inn en oversikt over de tilskuddsordningene for jordbruket som er mest aktuelle i denne sammenhengen. I de fleste kalkylene er det oppgitt arbeidsbehov for den produksjon kalkylen omfatter. Totalt arbeidsbehov for en husdyrproduksjon finner en ved å summere arbeidstiden i vedkommende husdyrkalkyle og i underliggende planteproduksjonskalkyler. I tillegg må tas med timer brukt til arbeid med husdyrgjødsel og vedlikehold av hus, redskaper m.v. Selv om det er lagt vekt på å kvalitetssikre kalkylene, kan det forekomme feil. Vi setter stor pris på om alle som har forslag til opprettinger, forbedringer eller nye kalkyler, tar kontakt med oss slik at vi kan ta hensyn til forslagene ved neste oppdatering.
Forfattere
jihong liu clarkeSammendrag
Dengue viruses (Flavivirus) are mosquito-borne human pathogens with a worldwide prevalence. There are four antigenically-related dengue virus serotypes, DEN-1 to DEN-4, which can cause serious problems of morbidity and mortality. Dengue is emerging rapidly as one of the most important public health problems in countries of the Asia-Pacific region with nearly 1.8 billion people in the region at risk, compared to an estimated total of 2.5 billion globally (WHO 2007). In India, dengue is now re-emerging as one of the most important health problems, with many outbreaks reported in different parts of the country during the past decade. The disease has resulted in widespread social and economic problems, especially among the poor who are the most vulnerable group. The lack of a dengue vaccine and antiviral drug makes it difficult to control and manage the disease. To combat dengue fever under the influence of global warming and climate change, multiple coping strategies including affordable vaccines, vector control, sanctions, law enforcement and public education are essential. This talk will present the development of a tetravalent dengue vaccine using tobacco plants as a green factory, and the social and economic benefits of the plant-production system will be discussed. Other coping strategies such as vector control and improvement of water quality will also be addressed.
Forfattere
Ketil Haarstad Ola HanserudSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
The suitability of interferometric X-band radar for forest monitoring was investigated. Working in a spruce-dominated forest in southeast Norway, top height, mean height, stand density, stem volume, and biomass were related to space shuttle interferometric height above ground. A ground truth dataset was produced for each radar data pixel in the study area by combining a field inventory and automatic tree detection with airborne laser scanning data. Pixels were aggregated to forest stands. Interferometric height was strongly related to all of the five forest variables, and most strongly to top height with R-2 = 0.71 and RMSE = 13% at the pixel level and R-2 = 0.82 and RMSE = 5.6% at the stand level. Interferometric height was linearly related to stem volume and biomass up to 400 m(3)/ha and 200 t/ha, respectively, and RMSE was approximately 19% for both variables. These errors contain error components caused by the 3.5-year time lag between the radar acquisition and the laser scanning. It is concluded that interferometric X-band radar has potential for use in forest monitoring.
Forfattere
Hsin-Ho Huang Daniel Camsund Peter Lindblad Thorsten HeidornSammendrag
Cyanobacteria are suitable for sustainable, solar-powered biotechnological applications. Synthetic biology connects biology with computational design and an engineering perspective, but requires efficient tools and information about the function of biological parts and systems. To enable the development of cyanobacterial Synthetic Biology, several molecular tools were developed and characterized: (i) a broad-host-range BioBrick shuttle vector, pPMQAK1, was constructed and confirmed to replicate in Escherichia coli and three different cyanobacterial strains. (ii) The fluorescent proteins Cerulean, GFPmut3B and EYFP have been demonstrated to work as reporter proteins in cyanobacteria, in spite of the strong background of photosynthetic pigments. (iii) Several promoters, like P(rnpB) and variants of P(rbcL), and a version of the promoter P(trc) with two operators for enhanced repression, were developed and characterized in Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803. (iv) It was shown that a system for targeted protein degradation, which is needed to enable dynamic expression studies, is working in Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803. The pPMQAK1 shuttle vector allows the use of the growing numbers of BioBrick parts in many prokaryotes, and the other tools herein implemented facilitate the development of new parts and systems in cyanobacteria.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag