Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2024
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Ruben Erik Roos Johan Asplund Tone Birkemoe Aud Helen Halbritter Siri Lie Olsen Linn Vassvik Kristel Zuijlen Kari KlanderudSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Virve Ravolainen Ingrid Marie Garfelt Paulsen Isabell Eischeid Jennifer Sorensen Forbey Eva Fuglei Tomás Hájek Brage Bremset Hansen Leif Egil Loe Petr Macek Jesper Madsen Eeva M Soininen James David Mervyn Speed Audun Stien Hans Tømmervik Åshild Ønvik PedersenSammendrag
Herbivores play a crucial role in shaping tundra ecosystems through their effects on vegetation, nutrient cycling, and soil abiotic factors. Understanding their habitat use, co-occurrence, and overlap is therefore essential for informing ecosystem-based management and conservation. In the High Arctic, only a marginal proportion of the land area is vegetated, and climate change is impacting herbivore population sizes and their habitats. In this study, we assessed the spatial habitat overlap of a vertebrate herbivore community based on: 1) regional predictive summer habitat suitability models for the resident Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus), resident Svalbard rock ptarmigan (Lagopus muta hyperborea), and the migratory pink-footed goose (Anser brachyrhynchus), and 2) presence of fecal pellets, reflecting the annual habitat use of reindeer, ptarmigan, and geese, including the pink-footed goose and barnacle goose (Branta leucopsis). Our findings revealed that only small proportions of the available land cover (~ 12516 km2; all land area excluding glaciers and freshwater) are suitable for each of the species (habitat suitability [HS] > 0.5): reindeer (22%), ptarmigan (11%), and pink-footed goose (4%). Overlapping suitable habitat [HS > 0.5] for reindeer and goose accounted for only 3% of the total vegetated area (~ 8848 km2) and was primarily found in heath and moist habitats dominated by mosses, graminoids, and herbaceous plants. The overlapping suitable habitat for reindeer and ptarmigan covered 8% of the vegetated area, predominantly in higher elevation ridges with vegetation on drier substrates. The shared habitat for ptarmigan and goose, and all three species of herbivores, was less than 1% of the vegetated area. Additionally, an assessment of fecal pellets suggested that the highest overlap in habitat use among reindeer and goose occurred in bird cliff moss tundra, followed by moss tundra and heath habitats. The small proportion of the vegetated area suitable for all three herbivores indicates a high degree of habitat differentiation. Therefore, different habitats need to be considered for the management and conservation of resident and migratory herbivore species in this High Arctic Archipelago. Moreover, our results underscore the importance of the small but productive parts of the landscape that were used by all herbivores. Goose, habitat suitability, management, ptarmigan, reindeer
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Frøydis GillundSammendrag
Rapporten presenterer resultater fra en spørreundersøkelse om nordnorske kommuners arbeid med næringsutvikling i jordbruket. Spørreundersøkelsen ble gjennomført våren 2023 og var rettet mot ansatte i nordnorske kommuner med tilknytning til landbruksforvaltninga. Undersøkelsen viser at de ansatte mener at kommunen har en viktig rolle som pådriver for næringsutvikling i jordbruket, og at mange har et sterkt engasjement og ønske om å utføre næringsrettet arbeid. Mangel på ressurser i kommunen er den største utfordringen for arbeidet med næringsutvikling, noe som går ut over de ansattes kapasitet og mulighet til å prioritere dette arbeidet. Tiltak som kan bidra til å styrke kommunens arbeid med næringsutvikling inkluderer å bedre økonomien i jordbruksnæringa, sikre tilstrekkelig ressurser i kommunal landbruksforvaltning, skape gode samarbeidsformer og møteplasser ovenfor næringa, ivareta næringsutvikling i kommunal planlegging, legge til rette for interkommunalt samarbeid, bidra med veiledning og kunnskapsformidling og skape større politisk bevissthet om viktigheten av jordbruksnæringa i kommunen. Flere tema kan være aktuelt å følge opp i vider forsknings- og utviklingsprosjekter, som f.eks. virkemiddelbruk, kompetanse og kunnskapsbehov, næringsutvikling gjennom planarbeid, organisering og samarbeidsformer (internt, mellom kommuner og opp mot regionale myndigheter og næringa), og synliggjøring av hva jordbruksnæringa betyr for næringsutvikling.
Forfattere
Shelemia Nyamuryekung'eSammendrag
On the Ground: -Precision livestock management through sensor technology using the Internet of Things offers enhanced surveillance and monitoring of the ranching operations. -At the ranch scale, the integration of sensor technology, including on-animal sensors, environmental monitoring equipment, and remote sensing can shift livestock operations from a solely reactive, traditional, knowledge-based approach toward a proactive, data-driven, decision-making process. -Leveraging data from sensors at the ranch scale can address logistical challenges and create efficiency in decision-making processes concerning resource management.
Forfattere
Ralf RautenbergerSammendrag
During the cultivation of Ulva fenestrata in a land-based aquaculture system, the colonisation of the water tanks’ surfaces and eventually the macroalgal biomass by the biofouling diatom Fragilariopsis oceanica compromises the production process. Since germanium dioxide (GeO2) is an effective growth inhibitor of diatoms, this study aimed to understand how it affects the presence of F. oceanica and the photosynthesis and growth of U. fenestrata as a primary parameter contribution to the biomass production. A toxicological dose-response experiment showed that the diatom’s growth was inhibited at the low GeO2 concentration of 0.014 mg l−1. In contrast, the photosynthetic performances and growth rates of U. fenestrata remained unaffected under a wide GeO2 concentration range (0.022–2.235 mg l−1) in small- and large-scale experiments in 1-l glass beakers and 100-l Plexiglass water tanks, respectively. In the latter, the diatom density in the tanks was reduced by 40 %. The costs arising from the use of GeO2 can range between €2.35 and €8.35 kg−1 fresh weight of produced U. fenestrata biomass under growth conditions resulting in growth rates of 20 and 11.5 % d−1, respectively. GeO2 is an effective agent to control biofouling diatoms such as F. oceanica during the land-based biomass production of U. fenestrata.
Forfattere
Marie Vestergaard Henriksen Eduardo Arlé Arman Pili David A. Clarke Emili Garcia-Berthou Quentin Groom Bernd Lenzner Carsten Meyer Hanno Seebens Reid Tingley Marten Winter Melodie A McGeochSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Eutrophication of coastal ecosystems often stimulates massive and uncontrolled growth of green macroalgae, causing serious ecological problems. These green tides are frequently exposed to light intensities that can reduce their growth via the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). To understand the physiological and biochemical mechanisms leading to the formation and maintenance of green tides, the interaction between inorganic nitrogen (Ni) and light was studied. In a bi-factorial physiological experiment simulating eutrophication under different light levels, the bloom-forming green macroalga Ulva rigida was exposed to a combination of ecologically relevant nitrate concentrations (3.8–44.7 µM) and light intensities (50–1100 µmol photons m−2 s−1) over three days. Although artificial eutrophication (≥ 21.7 µM) stimulated nitrate reductase activity, which regulated both nitrate uptake and vacuolar storage by a feedback mechanism, nitrogen assimilation remained constant. Growth was solely controlled by the light intensity because U. rigida was Ni-replete under oligotrophic conditions (3.8 µM), which requires an effective photoprotective mechanism. Fast declining Fv/Fm and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) under excess light indicate that the combined photoinhibitory and PSII-reaction centre quenching avoided ROS production effectively. Thus, these mechanisms seem to be key to maintaining high photosynthetic activities and growth rates without producing ROS. Nevertheless, these photoprotective mechanisms allowed U. rigida to thrive under the contrasting experimental conditions with high daily growth rates (12–20%). This study helps understand the physiological mechanisms facilitating the formation and persistence of ecologically problematic green tides in coastal areas.