Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2019
Forfattere
Anne-Grete Roer HjelkremSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Nick Hodgetts Marta Cálix Eve Englefield Nicholas Fettes M. García Criado Lea Patin Ana Nieto Ariel Bergamini Irene Bisang Elvira Baisheva Patrizio Campisi A Cogoni Tomas Hallingbäck Nadya A. Konstantinova Neil Lochhart Marko Sabovljevic Norbert Schnyder Christian Schröck Cecília Sérgio Manuela Sim-Sim Jaroslav Vrba Catarina C. Ferreira Olga M. Afonina T.L. Blockeel Hans Blom Steffen Caspari Rosalina Gabriel Cesar Garcia Ricardo Garilleti J González Mancebo Irina Goldberg Lars Hedenäs David T. Holyoak Vincent Hugonnot Sanna Huttunen Mikhail S. Ignatov Elena A. Ignatova Marta Infante Riikka Juutinen Thomas Kiebacher Heribert Köckinger Jan Kucera Niklas Lönnell Michael Lüth Anabela Martins Oleg Maslovsky Beata Papp Ron Porley Gordon Rothero Lars Söderström Sorin Ştefǎnuţ Kimmo Syrjänen Alain Untereiner Jíri Vána Alain Vanderpoorten Kai Vellak Michele Aleffi J. W. Bates Neil Bell Montserrat Brugués Nils Cronberg Jo Denyer J.G. Duckett Heinjo During Johannes Enroth Vladimir E. Fedosov Kjell Ivar Flatberg Anna Ganeva Piotr Gorski Urban Gunnarsson Kristian Hassel Helena Hespanhol Mark O. Hill Rory Hodd Kristoffer Hylander Nele Ingerpuu Sanna Laaka-Lindberg Francisco Lara Vicente Mazimpaka Anna Mežaka Frank Müller Jose David Orgaz Jairo Patiño Sharon Pilkington Felisa Puche Rosa Maria Ros Fred Rumsey José Gabriel Segarra-Moragues Ana Séneca Adam Stebel Risto Virtanen Henrik Weibull Jo Wilbraham Jan ZarnowiecSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Sigrid Bratlie Kristin Halvorsen Bjørn Kåre Myskja Hilde Mellegård Cathrine Bjorvatn Petter Frost Gunnar Harald Heiene Bjørn Morten Hofmann Arne Holst-Jensen Torolf Holst-Larsen Raino Sverre Malnes Benedicte Paus Bente Sandvig Sonja Irene Sjøli Birgit Skarstein May Britt Thorseth Nils Vagstad Dag Inge Våge Ole Johan BorgeSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Hermine Mitter Anja-K. Techen Franz Sinabell Katharina Helming Kasper Kok Jörg A. Priess Erwin Schmid Benjamin L. Bodirsky Ian Holman Heikki Lehtonen Adrian Leip Chantal Le Mouel Erik Mathijs Bano Mehdi Melania Michetti Klaus Mittenzwei Olivier Mora Lillian Øygarden Pytrik Reidsma Rudiger Schaldach Martin SchönhartSammendrag
Moving towards a more sustainable future requires concerted actions, particularly in the context of global climate change. Integrated assessments of agricultural systems (IAAS) are considered valuable tools to provide sound information for policy and decision-making. IAAS use storylines to define socio-economic and environmental framework assumptions. While a set of qualitative global storylines, known as the Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs), is available to inform integrated assessments at large scales, their spatial resolution and scope is insufficient for regional studies in agriculture. We present a protocol to operationalize the development of Shared Socio-economic Pathways for European agriculture – Eur-Agri-SSPs – to support IAAS. The proposed design of the storyline development process is based on six quality criteria: plausibility, vertical and horizontal consistency, salience, legitimacy, richness and creativity. Trade-offs between these criteria may occur. The process is science-driven and iterative to enhance plausibility and horizontal consistency. A nested approach is suggested to link storylines across scales while maintaining vertical consistency. Plausibility, legitimacy, salience, richness and creativity shall be stimulated in a participatory and interdisciplinary storyline development process. The quality criteria and process design requirements are combined in the protocol to increase conceptual and methodological transparency. The protocol specifies nine working steps. For each step, suitable methods are proposed and the intended level and format of stakeholder engagement are discussed. A key methodological challenge is to link global SSPs with regional perspectives provided by the stakeholders, while maintaining vertical consistency and stakeholder buy-in. We conclude that the protocol facilitates systematic development and evaluation of storylines, which can be transferred to other regions, sectors and scales and supports inter-comparisons of IAAS.
Forfattere
Heli Fitzgerald Anna Palmé Åsmund Asdal Dag Terje Filip Endresen Elina Kiviharju Birgitte Lund Morten Rasmussen Hjörtur Thorbjörnsson Jens WeibullSammendrag
Crop wild relatives (CWR) can provide one solution to future challenges on food security, sustainable agriculture and adaptation to climate change. Diversity found in CWR can be essential for adapting crops to these new demands. Since the need to improve in situ conservation of CWR has been recognized by the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) (2010) and the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (2011–2020), it is important to develop ways to safeguard these important genetic resources. The Nordic flora includes many species related to food, forage and other crop groups, but little has been done to systematically secure these important wild resources. A Nordic regional approach to CWR conservation planning provided opportunities to network, find synergies, share knowledge, plan the conservation and give policy inputs on a regional level. A comprehensive CWR checklist for the Nordic region was generated and then prioritized by socio-economic value and utilization potential. Nordic CWR checklist was formed of 2553 taxa related to crop plants. Out of these, 114 taxa including 83 species were prioritized representing vegetable, cereal, fruit, berry, nut and forage crop groups. The in situ conservation planning of the priority CWR included ecogeographic and complementarity analyses to identify a potential network of genetic reserve sites in the region. Altogether 971,633 occurrence records of the priority species were analysed. A minimum number of sites within and outside existing conservation areas were identified that had the potential to support a maximum number of target species of maximum intraspecific diversity.
Forfattere
Md Zia Uddin Weria Khaksar Jim TørresenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Anna Maria Vettraino Alberto Santini Christo Nikolov Jean-Claude Grégoire Rumen Tomov Andrei Orlinski Tiit Maaten Halldor Sverrisson Bjørn Økland René EschenSammendrag
Sentinel plants, plants in exporting countries that are inspected at regular intervals for signs and symptoms of invertebrate pests and microbial pathogens, are a promising tool for detecting and identifying harmful organisms of woody plants prior to their introduction into importing countries. Monitoring of sentinel plants reveals crucial information for pest risk analyses and the development of mitigation measures. The establishment of sentinel plants requires the import and plantation of non-native plants, which may be affected by the laws, regulations and administrative procedures in the individual countries. To evaluate the feasibility of sentinel plants as a global approach, this study aimed to summarise regulations and administrative procedures that affect the establishment of sentinel plants using non-native plants in countries worldwide. Information about national regulations of import and planting of non-native plant species was collected through a questionnaire survey, conducted among national representatives to the International Plant Protection Convention. Over 40 countries responded. The results show that legislations and regulations should not be major obstacles for a global use of the sentinel plants approach. However, the few existing experiences show that it can be complicated in practice. Here we describe the current state of art of the procedures that should be adopted to establish sentinel plants and we propose a strategy to circumvent the shortcomings resulting from the lack of a specific regulation.
Forfattere
Sofie Hellsten Tommy Dalgaard Katri Rankinen Kjetil Tørseth Lars Bakken Marianne Bechmann Airi Kulmala Filip Moldan Stina Olofsson Kristoffer Piil Kajsa Pira Eila TurtolaSammendrag
During the past twenty years, the Nordic countries (Denmark, Sweden, Finland and Norway) have introduced a range of measures to reduce losses of nitrogen (N) to air and to aquatic environment by leaching and runoff. However, the agricultural sector is still an important N source to the environment, and projections indicate relatively small emission reductions in the coming years. The four Nordic countries have different priorities and strategies regarding agricultural N flows and mitigation measures, and therefore they are facing different challenges and barriers. In Norway farm subsidies are used to encourage measures, but these are mainly focused on phosphorus (P). In contrast, Denmark targets N and uses control regulations to reduce losses. In Sweden and Finland, both voluntary actions combined with subsidies help to mitigate both N and P. The aim of this study was to compare the present situation pertaining to agricultural N in the Nordic countries as well as to provide recommendations for policy instruments to achieve cost effective abatement of reactive N from agriculture in the Nordic countries, and to provide guidance to other countries. To further reduce N losses from agriculture, the four countries will have to continue to take different routes. In particular, some countries will need new actions if 2020 and 2030 National Emissions Ceilings Directive (NECD) targets are to be met. Many options are possible, including voluntary action, regulation, taxation and subsidies, but the difficulty is finding the right balance between these policy options for each country. The governments in the Nordic countries should put more attention to the NECD and consult with relevant stakeholders, researchers and farmer's associations on which measures to prioritize to achieve these goals on time. It is important to pick remaining low hanging fruits through use of the most cost effective mitigation measures. We suggest that N application rate and its timing should be in accordance with the crop need and carrying capacity of environmental recipients. Also, the choice of application technology can further reduce the risk of N losses into air and waters. This may require more region-specific solutions and knowledge-based support with tailored information in combination with further targeted subsidies or regulations.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag