Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2024
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Income comparisons between farm and non-farm households play a crucial role in many aspects of farm policy. Using household income data from tax returns of all Norwegian taxpayers in the period 2006–2015 we study these income differences. We find that the unconditional mean income is higher for farm households, but with important differences depending on the comparison group considered. We also find that the income difference is reduced when we control for differences in the personal characteristics of the different non-farm comparison sub-groups. This finding implies that income comparison using unconditional means, as frequently done in agricultural policy making, is potentially misleading. We also show that the income effect of personal characteristics is not the same for different comparison sub-groups, as has been assumed in previous studies of income disparities. Differences in personal characteristics, and the income effect of those characteristics, therefore need to be accounted for if income comparisons between farmers and non-farmers are to inform farm support policies.
Sammendrag
Housing and indoor feeding of sheep is required throughout the cold season, which can last more than half a year, in Nordic highlands and Alpine regions. This study aimed to examine and evaluate the housing costs, including labour requirements, according to type of sheep housing system and degree of mechanized feeding by investigating systems commonly used in Nordic and Alpine regions. Detailed cost data were obtained from 61 surveyed sheep farmers in Norway with sheep houses built between the years 2008 and 2015. Costs were calculated for a baseline scenario (2021-prices) as well as for five scenarios at low and high discount rates and opportunity cost of labour, and high energy prices. The median (interquartile range) flock size was 150 (100) winter-fed sheep. Houses with slatted floors were more expensive than deep-litter systems. Costs of bedding material and feed waste were however higher, and the net value of the manure were lower in houses with deeplitter systems. At the baseline assumptions, overall net housing costs per sheep was not statistically different among the main housing types studied. Multiple regression analyses showed that net housing costs per sheep were lower in larger flocks and for centrally located farms (control variables). Undertaking daily chores, such as feeding of roughages twice a day rather than once, resulted in significantly higher net housing costs. Mechanized feeding of roughages, and even more so for concentrates, were not economically justified since labour savings were not sufficient to pay for the additional capital costs. A round bale chopper lowered net housing costs, significantly at a high labour cost. None of the scenarios found slatted floors to be significantly more expensive than deep-litter systems. High costs of labour and capital favoured deep-litter systems, while slatted floor systems were more advantageous at rising prices of energy that resulted in increased values of organic manures and costs of feed wastes and bedding materials. The study was based on a decade old data from common Norwegian sheep house variants. Farmers that consider constructing a new sheep house today, still must compare these variants as their main alternatives. We encourage other researchers to include effects of housing systems and mechanized feeding on animal performance, health, and welfare. Moreover, future studies should preferably also be undertaken in other environmental or socio-economic settings to produce more general results.
Forfattere
Frøydis GillundSammendrag
Rapporten presenterer resultater fra en spørreundersøkelse om nordnorske kommuners arbeid med næringsutvikling i jordbruket. Spørreundersøkelsen ble gjennomført våren 2023 og var rettet mot ansatte i nordnorske kommuner med tilknytning til landbruksforvaltninga. Undersøkelsen viser at de ansatte mener at kommunen har en viktig rolle som pådriver for næringsutvikling i jordbruket, og at mange har et sterkt engasjement og ønske om å utføre næringsrettet arbeid. Mangel på ressurser i kommunen er den største utfordringen for arbeidet med næringsutvikling, noe som går ut over de ansattes kapasitet og mulighet til å prioritere dette arbeidet. Tiltak som kan bidra til å styrke kommunens arbeid med næringsutvikling inkluderer å bedre økonomien i jordbruksnæringa, sikre tilstrekkelig ressurser i kommunal landbruksforvaltning, skape gode samarbeidsformer og møteplasser ovenfor næringa, ivareta næringsutvikling i kommunal planlegging, legge til rette for interkommunalt samarbeid, bidra med veiledning og kunnskapsformidling og skape større politisk bevissthet om viktigheten av jordbruksnæringa i kommunen. Flere tema kan være aktuelt å følge opp i vider forsknings- og utviklingsprosjekter, som f.eks. virkemiddelbruk, kompetanse og kunnskapsbehov, næringsutvikling gjennom planarbeid, organisering og samarbeidsformer (internt, mellom kommuner og opp mot regionale myndigheter og næringa), og synliggjøring av hva jordbruksnæringa betyr for næringsutvikling.
Forfattere
Hilde HallandSammendrag
Through a literature study and stakeholder interviews factors affecting cereal production in northern Norway is investigated. Barriers and possibilities for increased production in the north is analyzed, establishing two main bottlenecks: 1. The economic situation for cereal production and 2. Lack of knowledge and familiarity with this production. Through this the report ends with eight inputs that can improve potentials for cereal production in northern Norway.
Forfattere
Habtamu AlemSammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Divina Gracia P. RodriguezSammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Anna Birgitte MilfordSammendrag
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