2020
Forfattere
Vibeke Lind Martin Riis Weisbjerg Grete H. M. Jørgensen Julia E Fernandez-Yepes Lesly Arbesú Eduarda Molina-AlcaideSammendrag
The aim of the present work was to investigate the potential of Porphyra sp. as an alternative source of protein to soybean meal in diets for sheep. Our experimental treatments included a control diet (CON) based on grass silage and crushed oats and three diets containing protein supplements, clover silage (CLO), soybean meal (SOY) or Porphyra sp. (POR) to increase dietary crude protein concentrations. We studied its effects on rumen fermentation, growth rate and methane emissions. Ruminal fermentation characteristics, kinetics of gas production and methane production were studied in vitro by using batch cultures inoculated with rumen inoculum from sheep. There were no differences among diets in total volatile fatty acids (VFA) production or in the VFA profile in vitro. Across treatments, we measured no differences in methane production either in vitro or in vivo, and we saw no noticeable antimethanogenic effect of Porphyra sp. The present in vivo trial with lambs showed no differences in average daily weight gain when fed diets including Porphyra sp. or soybean meal diets (250 and 254 g/d, respectively). We conclude that Porphyra sp. has a protein value similar to high-quality protein sources like soybean meal.
Forfattere
Vibeke LindSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Vibeke LindSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Vibeke LindSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Vibeke LindSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Vibeke LindSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
The main objective of this paper is to present the new model BASGRA_N, to show how it was parameterized for grass swards in Scandinavia, and to evaluate its performance in predicting above-ground biomass, crude protein, cell wall content and dry matter digestibility. The model was developed to allow simulation of: (1) the impact of N-supply on the plants and their environment, (2) the dynamics of greenhouse gas emissions from grasslands, (3) the dynamics of cell-wall content and digestibility of leaves and stems, which could not be simulated with its predecessor, the BASGRA-model. To calibrate and test the model, we used field experimental data. One dataset included observations of biomass (DM) and crude protein content (CP) under different N fertilizer regimes from five sites in central and southern Sweden. The other dataset included observations of DM, and sward components as well as CP, cell wall content (NDF) and DM digestibility as affected by harvesting regime from one site in southwestern Norway. The total number of experiments was nine, of which three were used for model testing. When BASGRA_N was run with the maximum a-posteriori (MAP) parameter vector from the Bayesian calibration for the Swedish test sites, DM and CP were both simulated to an overall Pearson correlation coefficient (Rb) of minimum 0.58, Willmott's index of agreement (d) of minimum 0.69 and normalized root mean squared error (NRMSE) of maximum 0.30. Corresponding metrics for Norwegian test sites were 0.93, 0.96 and 0.27 for DM and > 0.73, > 0.61, < 0.18 for DM digestibility, NDF and CP content, respectively. We conclude that BASGRA_N can be used to simulate yield and CP responses to N with satisfactory precision, while maintaining key features from its predecessor. The results also suggest that DM digestibility and NDF can be simulated satisfactorily, which is supported by results from a recent model comparison study. Further testing of the model is needed for a few variables for which we currently do not have enough data, notably leaching and emission of N-containing compounds. Further work will include application of the model to investigate greenhouse gas mitigation options, and evaluation against independent data for the conditions for which it will be applied.
Sammendrag
Denne rapporten er utarbeidet på oppdrag for Landbruksdirektoratet til Klimakur2030. Rapporten omhandler utredning av fangvekster som klimatiltak. Utredningen inkluderer en vurdering av hvilke områder og arealer som er egnet til å dyrke fangvekster og i hvilke områder fangvekster kan ha best effekt. Det er produsert fylkesvis arealstatistikk for potensielle korndyrkingsarealer basert på det detaljert jordsmonnkartlagte arealet av fulldyrka og overflatedyrka jord. Den nye arealstatistikken er brukt for å estimere det totale potensialet for dyrking av fangvekster i korn. Det er også laget arealstatistikk for dyrking av fangvekster etter høsting av tidligkulturer som grønnsaker og poteter i Vestfold. Basert på arealer egnet for dyrking, samt anslått gjennomføringsgrad er det vurdert muligheter for utslippsbesparelser gjennom karbonbinding i jordbruksjord og lystgassutslipp med hovedvekt på perioden 2021-2030. Det er også gjort kostnadsberegninger, både privatøkonomisk og samfunnsøkonomisk for ulike dyrkingsmetoder av fangvekster. Videre er det gjort vurderinger av aktuelle arter av fangvekster som er passende og aktuelle for det norske klimaet. Det er lite kunnskap om hvilke arter som gir best karbonlagring for norske forhold. I rapporten er det gitt oversikter over og avgrenset hva som skiller de ulike begrepene fangvekster, dekkvekster, underkultur og grønngjødsling fra hverandre.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag