Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2016
Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Inger Sundheim FløistadSammendrag
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Forfattere
Shiori Koga Ulrike Böcker Anne Kjersti Uhlen Bernt Hoel Anette Aamodt MoldestadSammendrag
Unstable breadmaking quality of wheat due to environmental influence has been a problem for Norwegian milling industries. Large variation in gluten quality was observed from field trials with Norwegian winter wheat conducted in several locations between 2005 and 2013. Moreover, extremely poor gluten quality was observed in several locations in the 2007 and 2011 season, and indicated almost complete loss of breadmaking quality. To investigate the environmental factors which cause extremely weak gluten, gluten proteins were characterized in samples selected within the 2011 season. The results revealed that the proportion of large glutenin polymers decreased in wheat samples with extremely weak gluten. Moreover, re-polymerization of large glutenin polymers, which normally occur during the resting period of a dough, did not take place in gluten prepared from these samples. Incubation of total proteins extracted from these samples in an in vitro system showed a drastic degradation of gluten proteins indicating protease activities. The origin of the proteases remains unclear; however, exogenous proteases derived from Fusarium spp. seem to play a key role for protein degradation, and thus causing severe quality deficiency. A genotypic difference was found between the two cultivars and one of them had higher resistance against the factors influencing gluten quality in negative way.
Sammendrag
A statistical model MESAW was used to estimate the diffuse emission coefficients of nitrogen in Estonia. This includes analysis of data on loads, point sources, land use types etc. Two studies were conducted to determine the emission coefficients for the whole Estonia and for a smaller study area near Tallinn. Investigations showed that in addition to arable lands, drained peat soils can be a significant source of nitrogen. In fact, our results show that the unit-area loads from drained peat soils may be 1.5 to 2.3 times higher than from arable lands. Additional detailed investigations and measurements are needed to support these conclusions. Comparison of emission coefficients for the whole Estonia and of the Tallinn catchment area indicated that the coefficients can vary significantly between sources and single years. Therefore it is suggested that the sources of nitrogen loads should be defined in a catchment area level rather than a country level.
Sammendrag
Climate change and variability associated with natural hazards such as flooding, storms, droughts, increasing temperature, sea level rise and salinity have been a continuous threat to the life and property of Vietnamese society in the past and will continue to do so in the future in not addressed properly. A majority are smallholders, highly vulnerable and without the capacity to invest much in adaptation. Thus any new adaptation measures have to be simple, low cost, help in reducing greenhouse gases (GHGs), and easily adaptable. This manual draws lessons from selected mitigation and adaptation measures evaluated in the project. The manual examines three key aspects needed to scale-up and replicate the measures at the provincial level. The first is the institutional structures, including inputs needed, farmer and stakeholder capacity at the commune, district and provincial levels, barriers to scaling-up, and how to address them. Secondly, how demonstrating effective climate-resilient technologies on farmer fields, closely involving farmers, can provide good results for scaling-up. Third, the impacts of policies to enhance enabling environments for scaling-up. There is a need to prioritize short-term and long-term measures for scaling-up. It is important to generate funds to support the scaling-up, both from state and private sources. Active stakeholder integration is a necessary factor where the authorities, farmers, scientists, civil society and industry are working closely in the process. Knowledge transfer has to be done both through linear and non-linear extension models that will be more effective in providing timely and complete knowledge to farmers and stakeholders. […]
Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Einar StrandSammendrag
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Forfattere
Einar StrandSammendrag
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Forfattere
Erik J. JonerSammendrag
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Sammendrag
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