Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2020
Redaktører
Camilla BaumannSammendrag
Foreword The United Nation’s 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) form an important framework for social development nationally and globally. However, it can sometimes feel as if the concept of ‘sustainability’ is simply being bandied about with no thought for what it actually involves. To NIBIO, the concept means a lot, and we are committed to making it tangible by using the knowledge we develop and manage, both in Norway and through our activities abroad. Our diverse and specialized activities have made it possible for NIBIO to meet many of the 17 SDGs. The wide range and huge diversity of our specialist expertise, projects, types of assignments, relationships, people, presence and geography make NIBIO unique. Our focus is on ensuring that our knowledge will be of benefit and can be used to meet the needs of public administration and industry. In an institute with over 1,000 ongoing specialist projects, it is impossible to present a comprehensive and complete picture. Yet we can convey representative aspects. This is the purpose of this edition of Green Knowledge. It provides a selection of 37 individual issues, which represent a cross section of the varied activities at our institute. We hope that it sparks your interest and spurs you to find out more about NIBIO and our specialized activities.
Sammendrag
Purpose Biogas residues, digestates, contain valuable nutrients and are therefore suitable as agricultural fertilizers. However, the application of fertilizers, including digestates, can enhance greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In this study different processes and post-treatments of digestates were analyzed with respect to triggered GHG emissions in soil. Methods In an incubation experiment, GHG emissions from two contrasting soils (chernozem and sandy soil) were compared after the application of digestate products sampled from the process chain of a food waste biogas plant: raw substrate, digestate (with and without bentonite addition), digestates after separation of liquid and solid phase and composted solid digestate. In addition, the solid digestate was sampled at another plant. Results The plant, where the solid digestate originated from, and the soil type influenced nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions significantly over the 38-day experiment. Composting lowered N2O emissions after soil application, whereas bentonite addition did not have a significant effect. High peaks of N2O emissions were observed during the first days after application of acidified, liquid fraction of digestate. N2O emissions were strongly correlated to initial ammonium (NH4+) content. Conclusion Fertilization with dewatered digestate (both fractions) increased N2O emission, especially when applied to soils high in nutrients and organic matter.
Forfattere
Klaus MittenzweiSammendrag
This paper studies the hypothesis that farm structure and the regional distribution of agricultural activity themselves have a significant impact on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agriculture. Applying a dynamic model for the Norwegian agricultural sector covering the entire farm population, the model results support the hypothesis. Even without mitigation options, GHG emissions decline by 1.4 per cent if agriculture becomes regionally concentrated and increase by 1.5 per cent if a policy that favors a small-scale farm structure is put in place. Adding a carbon tax to a policy that leads to regional concentration, may help to reconcile competing policy objectives. A switch from animal production to crop production, and an extensification of animal production keeps a large resource base across the country while cutting GHG emissions.
Forfattere
Michel VerheulSammendrag
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Arne StensvandSammendrag
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Karin Juul HesselsøeSammendrag
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Trygve S. Aamlid Pia Heltoft Thomsen Tatsiana Espevig Wendy Marie Waalen Anne Mette Dahl Jensen Gudni ThorvaldssonSammendrag
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