Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2012
Sammendrag
This Technical brief is a short summary of the results obtained from the laboratory and field trials conducted by Climarice project team, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India to evaluate the potentials of microbial inoculants (biofertilizers) such as Blue Green Algae, Azolla and Phosphobacteria in minimizing the impacts of climate change in rice cultivation by nutrient supplementation, methane emission reduction and carbon sequestration. Cyanobacteria (Blue green algae) as a biofertilizer for rice in supplementing nitrogen is highly promising as the rice field ecosystem provides congenial environment for this self supporting diazotroph. Azolla is a floating water fern that also fixes atmospheric nitrogen. Azolla and Cyanobacteria have been identified as eco-friendly natural nitrogen fixers in the rice field ecosystem. A judicious use of these blue green algae could provide entire rice acreage of India as much nitrogen as obtained from 15-17 lakh tonnes of urea. Cyanobacterial nitrogen fixation helps to minimize the over dependence of chemicals, in particular, urea in rice farming and also enhances the use efficiency of nitrogen by releasing ammonia constantly to the rice crop.
Forfattere
Inger HansenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Margarita Novoa-Garrido Celine Rebours Ingunn Øvsthus Marte Meland Christian Guido Bruckner Pierrick Stevant Christian Uhlig Åsbjørn KarlsenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Anita Marlene LandSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Denne boka inneholder sammendrag av 78 av de 105 foredragene som blir holdt under konferansen pluss 43 av 52 vitenskapelige plakater som presenteres.
Forfattere
Miriam Søgnen HaugsbøSammendrag
Biofuels are promoted all over the world as alternatives to fossil fuels in the transport sector. Their increasing popularity is due to three beneficial outcomes. First of all biofuels represent a carbon neutral energy source, as these fuels are based on biological material, and hence the emissions from these fuels belong in the natural circulation. Secondly biofuels represent an advantage considering energy security, as through diversifying the energy use, states can become less dependent on the international oil market. Lastly the biofuels for transport represent a possible additional income source for the agricultural sector, since the production of biofuels represents an alternative to traditional agricultural activities. At the same time however, the production and consumption of biofuels is criticized both related to ecological and social concerns. The ecological considerations relate to the fact that the life cycle analyses of biofuels have revealed that some types do not give the GHG-emission reductions that were initially promised, and to the cultivation model of biofuels, which is based on large plantations, many times lead to the degradation of local ecological conditions of soil, air and water. The social considerations relate to the possible impact on food prices, as biofuels today are produced mainly from food crops, and to the fact that the production of biofuels seldom leads to the proposed rural development benefits, and in some developing countries their production means exploitation of local inhabitants. The EU is an increasingly important actor at the world biofuels scene, and this report investigates the development of the current EU biofuels policy. The analysis is based on official EU documents regarding biofuels from the beginning of the 1980s up until today, mainly focusing on four different directives. These directives, and relevant accompanying documents, are analysed through a broad institutional approach, applying Peters (2005), Pierson (1996) and Egeberg (2004). A core assumption within an institutional approach is that one should seek knowledge about the institutional framework in order to understand and explain policy outcomes. These theories are also applicable to the EU level, as through time these institutions have become highly institutionalized, and developed from their original scope. The institutional approach also includes the context as an important source of influence to the development of policy. The research question of the study has been: how has the EU biofuels policy developed, and how can these developments be explained using an institutional approach? […]
Forfattere
Maria Magdalena Estevez Roar Linjordet John MorkenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Alberto Santini Luisa Ghelardini Ciro De Pace Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau Paolo Capretti Anne Chandelier Thomas Cech Danut Chira Stephanos Diamandis Talis Gaitnieks Jarkko Hantula Ottmar Holdenrieder Libor Jankovský Thomas Jung Dusan Jurc Thomas Kirisits Andrej Kunca Vaidotas Lygis Monika Malecka Benoit Marcais Sophie Schmitz Jörg Schumacher Halvor Solheim Alejandro Solla Ilona Szabò Panaghiotis Tsopelas Andrea Vannini Anna Maria Vettraino Joan Webber Stephen Woodward Jan StenlidSammendrag
A large database of invasive forest pathogens (IFPs) was developed to investigate the patterns and determinants of invasion in Europe. Detailed taxonomic and biological information on the invasive species was combined with country-specific data on land use, climate, and the time since invasion to identify the determinants of invasiveness, and to differentiate the class of environments which share territorial and climate features associated with a susceptibility to invasion. IFPs increased exponentially in the last four decades. Until 1919, IFPs already present moved across Europe. Then, new IFPs were introduced mainly from North America, and recently from Asia. Hybrid pathogens also appeared. Countries with a wider range of environments, higher human impact or international trade hosted more IFPs. Rainfall influenced the diffusion rates. Environmental conditions of the new and original ranges and systematic and ecological attributes affected invasiveness. Further spread of established IFPs is expected in countries that have experienced commercial isolation in the recent past. Densely populated countries with high environmental diversity may be the weakest links in attempts to prevent new arrivals. Tight coordination of actions against new arrivals is needed. Eradication seems impossible, and prevention seems the only reliable measure, although this will be difficult in the face of global mobility.