Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2025
Forfattere
Anne-Grete Buseth BlankenbergSammendrag
Presentasjon av fangdammer generelt, og informasjon om resultater fra nylig avsluttet fangdamprosjekt, samt informasjon om ny film og nytt faktaark om fangdammer.
Forfattere
Katharina HobrakSammendrag
Foredrag for Nord Norges skogmannforbund
Forfattere
Katharina HobrakSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Katharina HobrakSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Katharina HobrakSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Jerca Praprotnik Kastelic Primož Banovec Ajda Cilenšek Rozalija Cvejić Csilla Farkas Dominika Krzeminska Ingrid Nesheim Michael Strauch Julia Szulecka Mateja Škerjanec Martin Volk Felix Witing Matjaž GlavanSammendrag
HIGHLIGHTS 1) Local stakeholder involvement increases the relevance, accuracy, and legitimacy of NSWRM modelling. 2) Standardised NSWRM documentation in WOCAT enhances knowledge sharing and cross-case comparison. 3) Reliable NSWRM assessment is feasible in data-scarce catchments using open data and empirical models. 4 ) Spatially targeted NSWRM combinations outperform single measures and mitigate climate impacts. 5) Agricultural policy favours land and partly the structural linear measure, limiting transformative structural area and hydro morphological interventions.
Forfattere
Csilla Farkas Moritz Shore Agota Horel Agota Horel Gökhan Cüceloglu Dorota Mirosław-Świątek Maria Eliza TurekSammendrag
Within the OPTAIN project, the effects of Natural/Small Water Retention Measures (NSWRMs) on water regime, soil erosion and nutrient transport are evaluated at both catchment- and field-scales for present and future climate conditions. The goal of this deliverable report D4.3 is to perform an integrated, model-based assessment of the effectiveness of NSWRMs at the field scale and to use these results for cross-validating the outputs obtained from the catchment-scale modelling. The assessment is based on the adaptation of a field-scale mathematical model (SWAP) to seven pilot sites across three European biogeographical regions and on combined analyses of NSWRM and projected climate scenarios. The scenarios are designed to evaluate the efficiency and potential of different NSWRMs in improving soil water retention and reducing flash floods and the loss of soil and nutrients under changing climate conditions. This report contains a detailed description of the SWAP modelling workflow, from input data preparation, model setup and harmonisation, model calibration and application in climate and NSWRM scenario runs. It presents calibration and NSWRM scenario results from seven OPTAIN case studies from three different biogeographical regions (Boreal, Continental and Pannonia). The report also describes i) the new approaches and tools developed within the OPTAIN project that facilitate the implementation of the scenarios and the interpretation of the modelling results, ii) the methods used to cross-validate the SWAP and SWAT+ models, and iii) the issues faced during the implementation of this work. The SWAP model was calibrated for all the pilot fields with good or satisfactory results. The impact of four in-field NSWRMs - reduced tillage, shifting to grassland, afforestation and drought tolerant crops - on the water balance elements was evaluated. The scenario results indicate that the effects of measures on soil water retention and other water balance elements have some regional pattern, but can be strongly dependent on local conditions (e.g. soil, crop, slope). According to the scenario results, for most of the cases the studied NSWRMs contributed to reducing evaporation, surface and subsurface runoff and percolation to deeper layers, which results in increased soil water retention or plant water uptake within the fields. The cross-validation of the field scale SWAP and catchment-scale SWAT+ models was a challenging task and could only be performed for selected water balance elements (evaporation, transpiration and drainage outflow). Comparable results were obtained in most of the cases for the baseline scenario, but the differences between the soil water balance elements simulated by the two models increased when implementing the different measures. The increased differences, however, could also reflect the differences in measure implementation, as these were constrained by the model’s structure and parameters. We concluded that the implementation of the SWAP field-scale model in the scenario analysis and cross-validation could positively contribute to i) better understanding the effects of NSWRMs at field level and ii) evaluating the outputs of the SWAP and SWAT+ models in a wider context. We concluded that NSWRMs can contribute to water retention within the landscape, and that this effect seems to decrease and increase in the future for measures related to management and land use change, respectively. The cross-validation of the water balance elements of the two models showed that the SWAP and SWAT+ simulation results were comparable for the status quo (present situation, for which the models have OPTAIN D4.3 Assessment of NSWRM effectiveness at field scale 6 / 143 been calibrated), but differed for the NSWRMs scenarios, depending on how the measures were implemented in the two models.
Forfattere
Simon BergSammendrag
Root rot causes significant losses for Norwegian forestry. Mapping infected stumps and planting rot-resistant species around infected stumps could reduce future impacts. At 20 sites, root rot was mapped by adding specific assortments for rotten logs using a harvester that recorded tree locations with high accuracy. The optimal approach was considered detailed planning of planting a Norway spruce and Scotspine mix, using root rot information at tree positions. The average opportunity cost of business as usual(planting only Norway spruce) for the forest owner was 409 €/ha. Planting only Scots pine and detailed planning with rot information at harvester locations increased opportunity costs to 615–886 €/ha.Considering fertility variations reduced the opportunity cost to 408 €/ha, considering average rot at site level reduced it to 397 €/ha, considering rot information at harvester locations and coarse planning reduced it to 378 €/ha, and considering rot information at tree level and coarse planning reduced it to 268€/ha. The optimal approach is currently impractical, while coarse planning with rot information at tree locations is feasible. Costs for rot registration and multi-species planting, excluded due to high uncertainty, are likely covered by the increase of 141 €/ha in net present value.
Forfattere
Simon BergSammendrag
Root rot (Heterobasidion spp.) causes substantial losses for forest owners due to decreased wood quality in Norway spruce (Picea abies). Containing root rot spread in regeneration can be achieved by planting resistant species around infected stumps. However, detecting rotten trees remains challenging. In this study, ground truth data for root rot was collected by seven contractors by adding assortments for rotten pulpwood and cutoffs, with all energy wood assumed rotten. Root rot occurrence was estimated in two ways: (1) by developing Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB) models from all data (XGB-only); and (2) trough binary classification for bucking patterns containing only rotten or healthy trees, followed by developing XGB models for remaining trees (combined). XGB models were developed nationwide and for two specific contractors. Classifications showed sensitivity of 83–87% (rot) and specificity of 95–99% (healthy).Whether nationwide, contractor-specific, XGB-only or combined classification was better varied by situation. Compared to prior studies, predictions from harvester data outperformed UAV images in classification but were surpassed by handheld camera images. Despite lower sensitivity compared to previous XGB applications, more rotten trees were detected than when using only energy wood as an indicator. As estimations are almost cost-free, the results may be acceptable.
Sammendrag
The year-to-year variation in the availability of lingonberries (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) is a challenge for commercial exploitation. There is also a need to identify the best locations for lingonberry harvesting. Here, we present research that utilized field observations from the Norwegian National Forest Inventory to model and map the association between lingonberry cover and stand characteristics. Additionally, a set of permanent sampling plots were established for annual recording of berry yields in different Norwegian regions, representing variations in slope and forest characteristics. Ultimately, the recorded information on yield from the temporary sample plots were combined with predictions from the cover model, as well as data from remote sensing and climatic data from nearby weather stations (for locations see Figure 1a) to derive: 1) a model for lingonberry yield, and 2) and a yield map covering all forest land in Norway. Variables included in the final berry yield model are main tree species, soil parent material, mean temperature June-August, stand basal area, latitude, slope and distance to coastline (Miina et al., 2024).