Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2011
Forfattere
Vladimir Shulaev DJ Sargent RN Crowhurst TC Mockler O Folkerts AL Delcher P Jaiswal K Mockaitis A Liston SP Mane P Burns TM Davis JP Slovin N Bassil RP Hellens C Evans T Harkins C Kodira B Desany OR Crasta RV Jensen AC Allan TP Michael JC Setubal JM Celton DJG Rees KP Williams SH Holt JJR Rojas M Chatterjee B Liu H Silva L Meisel A Adato SA Filichkin M Troggio R Viola TL Ashman H Wang P Dharmawardhana J Elser R Raja HD Priest DW Bryant SE Fox SA Givan LJ Wilhelm S Naithani A Christoffels DY Salama J Carter EL Girona A Zdepski WQ Wang RA Kerstetter W Schwab SS Korban Jahn Davik A Monfort B Denoyes-Rothan P Arus R Mittler B Flinn A Aharoni JL Bennetzen SL Salzberg AW Dickerman R Velasco M Borodovsky RE Veilleux Kevin M. FoltaSammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
Several studies have been conducted on impregnability of the raw material and large variations have been found. The leaching of wood preservatives into nature is a problem, especially agents that consist copper. Leachability of i. e. copper has been studied by several authors. This study tries to set the variation of leachability of Wolmanit CX-8 and Tanalith in system, evaluating the origin of a tree and the origin of a sample. Samples of Scots pine sapwood (Pinus Sylvestris) (20×20×50 mm) were treated with the wood protection agents Wolmanit CX-8 and Tanalith. The variation in leachability within trees, between trees and between different stands of Scots pine (in Norway and Denmark) was studied. The samples were climatized, impregnated with preservatives and leached according to standard EN84. The study indicates differences between the products. Stand location and samples position in a tree play a role in preservative leaching from wood, favouring southern located trees to be more prone to loosing preservative. Also the lowest part of the tree does not fixate preservatives as well as the upper parts.
Forfattere
Tore Filbakk Geir Skjevrak Olav Albert Høibø Janka Dibdiakova Raida JirjisSammendrag
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Forfattere
Gregoire Certain Olav Skarpaas Jarle Werner Bjerke Erik Framstad Markus Lindholm Jan-Erik Nilsen Ann Norderhaug Eivind Oug Hans-Christian Pedersen Ann Kristin Schartau Gro Ingleid van der Meeren Iulie Aslaksen Steinar Engen Per-Arild Garnåsjordet Pål Kvaløy Magnar Lillegård Nigel Yoccoz Signe NybøSammendrag
The magnitude and urgency of the biodiversity crisis is widely recognized within scientific and political organizations. However, a lack of integrated measures for biodiversity has greatly constrained the national and international response to the biodiversity crisis. Thus, integrated biodiversity indexes will greatly facilitate information transfer from science toward other areas of human society. The Nature Index framework samples scientific information on biodiversity from a variety of sources, synthesizes this information, and then transmits it in a simplified form to environmental managers, policymakers, and the public. The Nature Index optimizes information use by incorporating expert judgment, monitoring-based estimates, and model-based estimates. The index relies on a network of scientific experts, each of whom is responsible for one or more biodiversity indicators. The resulting set of indicators is supposed to represent the best available knowledge on the state of biodiversity and ecosystems in any given area. The value of each indicator is scaled relative to a reference state, i.e., a predicted value assessed by each expert for a hypothetical undisturbed or sustainably managed ecosystem. Scaled indicator values can be aggregated or disaggregated over different axes representing spatiotemporal dimensions or thematic groups. A range of scaling models can be applied to allow for different ways of interpreting the reference states, e.g., optimal situations or minimum sustainable levels. Statistical testing for differences in space or time can be implemented using Monte-Carlo simulations. This study presents the Nature Index framework and details its implementation in Norway. The results suggest that the framework is a functional, efficient, and pragmatic approach for gathering and synthesizing scientific knowledge on the state of biodiversity in any marine or terrestrial ecosystem and has general applicability worldwide.
Forfattere
G. Certain O. Skarpaas J. Bjerke E. Fremstad M. Lindholm J.E. Nielsen Ann Norderhaug E. Oug H.C. Perdersen A.K. Schartau K.O. Storaunet G. Van der Meeren I. Aslaksen S. Engen P.A. Garnåsjordet P. Kvaløy M. Lillegård G. Yoccoz, S. NybøSammendrag
Certain, G., Skarpaas, O., Bjerke, J., Framstad, E., Lindholm, M., Nielse,n J.E., Norderhaug, A., Oug E., Perdersen, H.C., Schartau, A.K., Storaunet KO3, Van der Meeren, G., Aslaksen, I., Engen, S., Garnåsjordet, P.A., Kvaløy, P., Lillegård, M., Yoccoz, G. & Nybø, S. 2010. The nature Index: A general framework to synthetize knowledge on the state of biodiversity. PLoS Biology.
Forfattere
Susanne Winter Ronald E. McRoberts Gherardo Chirici Annemarie Bastrup-Birk Jacques Rondeux Urs-Beat Brändli Jan-Erik Nilsen Marco MarchettiSammendrag
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Sammendrag
Organic fields are often assumed to have less pests and more beneficials than conventionally managed fields. We monitored 12 Norwegian strawberry fields, six organic and six conventional, by sampling leaves two times per year in 2002-2003. Young folded leaflets were visually inspected for eggs and adult females of strawberry mite (Phytonemus pallidus fragariae), and mature leaves were used for extraction of mobile stages of two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae). The spider mites were examined for infection of the mite-pathogenic fungus Neozygites floridana. Predatory mites (Phytoseiidae) were recorded on both leaf types, and the females mounted and identified. Soil was also sampled from each field, to study the natural occurrence of entomopathogenic nematodes. All samples were taken 0-13 metres from the border vegetation. Both pest mites tended to be more abundant in conventional than in organic fields, while the number of phytoseiid mites was very low in both growing systems. Nevertheless, three phytoseiid species were recorded for the first time in Norway: Amblyseius rademacheri Dosse, Neoseiulus kodryensis (Kolodochka) and Neoseiulus reductus (Wainstein). N. floridana infection found in T. urticae females varied from 0-19%, and was higher in 2002 than in 2003. The fungus was recorded at least once in all 12 fields, and there was no consistent difference between the two growing systems. In 2002 there was a significant negative correlation between % T. urticae with N. floridana hyphal bodies found in the first sampling and the number of T. urticae present in the second sampling about four weeks later. Beneficial nematodes (mostly Steinernema) tended to occur in more of the organic than in the conventional soil samples. To sum up, both pests (T. urticae and P. pallidus) and one of the beneficial groups (entomopathogenic nematodes) seemed to conform to the expected difference between organic and conventional fields. There are many possible mechanisms related to the differences in pesticide and fertilization regimes that could lead to such a pattern. For the two remaining beneficials (N. floridana and Phytoseiidae) we could not find a consistent correlation between abundance and growing system.
Sammendrag
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