Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2026
Sammendrag
Plant selection is critical for the performance and long-term functionality of NBS. However, selecting suitable species remains challenging due to factors such as the need to balance multiple performance criteria. This study addressed this gap by proposing a structured decision-making framework for roadside rain gardens (RGs) in cold climates, based on three objectives, thirteen criteria, and sixteen quantitative metrics scored on a 1–5 scale. The framework was tested on five plant species commonly used in RGs in Norway to demonstrate its application and assess data availability for the metrics. Results showed that the evaluated plant species exhibit different strengths across objectives: for instance, Bolboschoenus maritimus excelled in plant procurement and establishment support, while Iris pseudacorus scored highest in functions of interest. Consequently, a combination of high-performing species was recommended for RG vegetation design. While the framework was successfully applied, limited data for some metrics required assumptions, highlighting the need for more comprehensive species-specific databases. Given the critical role of plants in the success of NBS, it is recommended that the framework be integrated into official RG design guidelines, with criteria tailored to local conditions.
Sammendrag
Addressing the issues of soil degradation and declining crop quality caused by the excessive application of chemical fertilizers, this study prepared a cyanobacterial–bamboo growth elicitor (CBGE) from cyanobacterial and bamboo powder through acid-hydrolysis technology and then co-applied with cyanobacterial biochar (CB). Five pot treatments were established: control (CK), root-applied CB (BR), soil-applied CB (BF), root-applied CBGE-modified CB (LZBR), and soil-applied CBGE-modified CB (LZBF). The results demonstrated that CBGE was rich in essential macronutrients (N, P, K) and bioactive substances including polysaccharides and dipeptides, while cyanobacterial biochar, with its abundant hydroxyl/carboxyl groups, showed strong adsorption of CBGE organic components. During cultivation, the LZBR treatment exhibited comprehensive advantages in improving rhizosphere soil organic carbon, humic substances, and cation exchange capacity. Environmental risk assessment indicated that soil heavy metal levels and associated health risks were low across all treatments, with no obvious short-term adverse effects observed. Soil application (BF, LZBF) maintained Bradyrhizobium dominance, whereas root application (BR, LZBR) enriched Chryseobacterium and Pseudomonas, driving organic matter mineralization and carbon‑nitrogen cycling. Moreover, functional predictions suggested that CBGE addition has the potential to reduce the abundance of functional genes associated with human pathogens, animal parasites, and plant pathogens. The LZBR treatment achieved balanced nutrient utilization through microbial functional network reconstruction, yielding the highest soybean whole-plant biomass (65.8 g/plant, +10.9% vs CK) and grain crude protein (210.56 g/kg, +33.3% vs CK). In conclusion, under the tested pot conditions, the application strategy of LZBR exhibited promising potential to synergistically improve soil health and crop quality.
Sammendrag
Defibrert trefiber testes av stadig flere dyrkere, enten som del av en blanding, eller som enkeltstående vekstmedium. Et spørsmål vi ofte blir stilt er hvor mye kalk substratet med trefiber trenger. Trefiber har lav pH når den er fersk, nesten tilsvarende torv, og det har fått mange til å anta at de skal behandles likt. Det er feil. Den lave pH-en forsvinner raskt ved oppstart av planteproduksjon, og kalker du som du ville gjort med torv, blir det surr.
Forfattere
Henk Maessen Siv Mari Aurdal Tomasz Leszek Woznicki Krzysztof Kusnierek Trond Haraldsen Anita SønstebySammendrag
Bruk av trefiber vil redusere miljøbelastningen ved å erstatte energikrevende steinullproduksjon med et fornybart materiale basert på rest-råstoff fra norsk skogindustri. Ved endt bruk kan trefibermaterialet komposteres, brukes som jordforbedringsmiddel eller brennes for energigjenvinning, i motsetning til steinull som ender på deponi. Etter lovende resultater med Fibergrow® trefibermatter i tomat i 2022 og 2023, gjennomførte vi nye forsøk i 2025 for å bekrefte disse funnene.
Forfattere
Elvira Castillo-Almansa Rubén G. Mateo Mercè Galbany-Casals Carme Blanco-Gavaldà Lucía D. Moreyra Cristina Roquet Christian Brochmann Abel Gizaw Seid Desalegn Chala Alfonso Susanna Juan A. CallejaSammendrag
Climate change poses a significant threat to the Afrotemperate flora of the Eastern Afromontane Biodiversity Hotspot, particularly to species confined to high-elevation ecosystems such as those found on the African sky islands. This study evaluates the vulnerability of tropical Afroalpine and Afromontane Helichrysum taxa (Compositae) by assessing their climatic niches and predicting future shifts in distribution, range fragmentation, and altitudinal limits under climate change scenarios. Occurrence records for 14 taxa (eight Afroalpine and six Afromontane) were obtained from recent field campaigns, biodiversity databases and herbaria. Ensemble ecological niche models were developed combining Generalized Linear Models, Generalized Boosting Models, and Random Forest. Taxon-specific bioclimatic variables were selected after correlation analyses. The models were calibrated using current climate data and projected using the PSL-CM6A-LR and MRI-ESM2.0 climate models with both low- and high-emission scenarios. The results show that most Afrotemperate taxa currently occupy only a portion of their climatically suitable habitat, often in geographically distant areas. Future projections indicate significant range contractions and increased fragmentation. Afroalpine taxa could lose 50–66% of their suitable habitat, while Afromontane taxa could decline by 53–79%. Suitable areas were estimated to shift upwards in elevation, with limited potential for colonization of new areas, and with no significant latitudinal or longitudinal shifts. These findings represent the first continental-scale assessment of the impact of climate change on the Afrotemperate flora using ecological niche modelling. The projected climate-induced range losses and increased habitat fragmentation, in particular combined with increasing anthropogenic pressure in this region, highlight the urgent need for targeted conservation actions.
Forfattere
Yi Wang Junjia Qi Meihui Wang Zhenke Zhu Yong Li Zhenghui Lv Jinyi Yu Haolin Yang Jian Liu Yuchen Lv Ying ZhaoSammendrag
Ecological stoichiometry offers a mechanistic framework for linking soil biogeochemical processes with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P; collectively, NP) runoff losses in agroecosystems. This review synthesizes recent advances to elucidate how soil carbon: nitrogen: phosphorus (C:N:P) ratios regulate NP runoff losses through coupled soil–microbial processes. Crucially, we highlight that agricultural practices reshape soil stoichiometry primarily through labile nutrient pools and microbial biomass, whereas total soil nutrient ratios generally remain stable due to strong buffering capacity. Due to the relatively weak stoichiometric homeostasis of soil microorganisms, these shifts in labile C:N:P ratios strongly constrain microbial growth, community composition, and enzyme production. Consequently, stoichiometric imbalance acts as a primary regulator of key biochemical pathways—specifically soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization, nitrification, and denitrification—that determine the mobilization of inorganic NP forms prone to runoff. Stoichiometric regulation exhibits dual characteristics of integration and independence. Soil C:N:P ratios simultaneously influence multiple biochemical processes, while each process responds to stoichiometric constraints with distinct threshold behaviors. These thresholds can be described by process-specific stoichiometric boundary limits, expressed as (C : N/P)max, beyond which reaction rates approach zero under element-limiting conditions. Despite growing empirical evidence, most existing models fail to explicitly incorporate these microbial-mediated stoichiometric constraints or (C : N/P)max thresholds, leading to predictive uncertainties. By framing NP runoff losses as emergent outcomes of stoichiometrically constrained processes, this review provides a robust theoretical basis for improving runoff modeling accuracy and developing stoichiometry-guided soil management strategies to mitigate agricultural non-point source pollution.
Sammendrag
Timothy is the primary forage grass seed crop in Norway, where effective control of dicot weeds and lodging management are critical to maximizing seed yield and meeting seed purity standards. Optimal timing of gibberellic acid–inhibiting plant growth regulators (PGRs), such as chlormequat chloride (CCC) and trinexapac-ethyl (TE), often coincides with spring herbicide applications, raising concerns about crop safety and herbicide efficacy when products are tank-mixed. Field experiments were conducted in 2022 and 2023 at two locations in Norway to evaluate the effect of tank-mixing PGRs with commonly used herbicides on seed yield and quality, weed control, and lodging in timothy. Plant growth regulators (CCC (1500 g ai ha⁻¹) and TE (150 g ai ha⁻¹) were applied either as split applications (herbicide at BBCH 25; PGR at BBCH 35) or tank-mixed (BBCH 30–35) with one of three herbicide combinations: fluroxypyr + florasulam, florasulam + diflufenican, or aminopyralid + 2,4-D + florasulam. Seed yield was affected by PGR (P ≤ 0.05) but not by herbicide treatments. TE reduced plant height and lodging more than CCC; however, relative yield responses varied with stand age. Tank-mixing did not reduce seed yield and herbicide efficacy. Crop injury from tank-mixtures was minimal and temporary, and no reductions in final seed germination were observed. Tank-mixing CCC and TE PGRs with herbicides provided effective weed control and maintained optimal seed yield and quality, offering operational flexibility for timothy seed producers.
Forfattere
Junbin ZhaoSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Erik J. JonerSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Marine aquaculture sludge is a significant side stream from the aquaculture industry and represents a promising substrate for biogas production. In this study, the performance of two lab-scale continuous biogas reactors was investigated when feeding increased amounts of marine aquaculture sludge (MAS) in mix with cow manure (CM) over a period of 340 days. The MAS volume was gradually increased from 20% to 100%, increasing the biogas yield from approx. 200 to 400 mL/g COD/d. The content of NaCl in the feedstock was 25 g/L when feeding 100% MAS. Microbial community analysis (16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing) revealed that most archaeal OTUs detected at high MAS loading were associated with acetoclastic Methanothrix and Methanosarcina genera. Increasing the MAS load was associated with reduced microbial diversity, yet no distinct MAS-specific species emerged as key drivers in the recovered microbial community. Our results highlight the great potential of MAS as a substrate for biogas production and the possibility to establish biogas systems with salinity conditions corresponding to sea water.