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Publikasjoner

NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.

2010

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Sammendrag

Frøavl av stedegne planter til restaurering etter inngrep i fjellet kan bli en viktig nisjeproduksjon for norske frøavlere. Målet med prosjekt FJELLFRØ (2007-2010) er (1) å samle inn mormateriale, (2) å oppformere og utføre frøavlsforsøk, og (3) å anlegge demonstasjonsfelter med utprøving av stedegent plantemateriale i utvalgte anleggsområder i fjellet. Prosjektet eies av Telemark frøavlerlag (hovedeier), Norges Vassdrags- og Energidirektorat (NVE), Statkraft Energi AS, Forsvarsbygg og Felleskjøpet Agri. Til å utføre det faglige arbeidet i prosjektet har Styringsgruppa for FJELLFRØ engasjert Bioforsk og Norsk Landbruksrådgivning Østafjells. Foreliggende rapport gir en oversikt over oppformering og forsøk i 2009 og trekker opp videre planer for siste prosjektår 2010.

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Sammendrag

Insektene er blant de organismene som reagerer raskest på klimaendringer. De har kort generasjonstid, er svært mobile og utviklingshastigheten deres er direkte påvirket av temperaturen. Dette betyr at utviklingen fra egg til voksent insekt går raskere når temperaturen øker, noe som kan få store praktiske konsekvenser for skogbruket.

Sammendrag

Today the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus is always univoltine in Northern Europe including Norway and completes development from egg to adult between May and August. Further south in Europe, development is bivoltine with the completion of two generations in most years. A temperature-driven developmental model suggests that by 2070-2100 the voltinism of I. typographus will change dramatically in Norway. If summers become only 2.5°C warmer than today bivoltinism can be expected every single year in the major spruce growing areas in S-Norway. This is likely to have dramatic effects on forestry since two generations per year will give two, instead of one, attack periods each summer. In addition to increasing the number of attacked trees the effect of the attacks may also be more severe, as Norway spruce is more susceptible to beetle attacks later in the summer. However, climate change will probably also change the phenology of Norway spruce and thus its susceptibility to attack by I. typographus and its phytopathogenic fungal associates. We are currently modelling how tree resistance varies with temperature and tree phenology in order to provide more well-founded advice to forest managers on the interaction between bark beetles and tree in a future climate.

Sammendrag

VKM"s Panel 9 gives the following main conclusions of part 2 of the risk assessment: 1) Under the present climatic conditions, and if no control measures are taken, an introduction of PWN to the PRA area will not cause increased pine tree mortality. The level of uncertainty of this assessment is low. 2) Assuming the IS92a climate change scenario for the period 2000-2049 (RegClim), which involves a ~2 ºC temperature increase by the end of the period, an introduction of PWN to the PRA area will, if no control measures are taken, cause a minor increase in pine tree mortality (300 trees per year on average). The mortality can become larger if the temperature increases more than 2 ºC, and will gradually increase with time after 2049 due to spread of PWN. The level of uncertainty of these assessments is medium to high. 3) Any effects of PWN presence in the PRA area on export of wood and wood products will be of little importance. The level uncertainty of this assessment is low. 4) It will be almost impossible to eradicate PWN once it has been introduced to the PRA area. The level of uncertainty of this assessment is low. 5) The cost of a single eradication event as described in the preliminary contingency plan for the PRA area is approximately 700 mill. NOK. Due to expected spread, the total cost of eradication attempts following one introduction event will be approximately 2000 mill. NOK for the first 50 years. The level of uncertainty of these assessments is medium. 6) The negative effects of the control measures on the environment will be major. The level of uncertainty of this assessment is low.