Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2005
Abstract
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Authors
Erlend Ystrøm Haartveit Line HoemAbstract
Mergers and acquisitions have lead to an increase in company size for manufacturers as well as for distributors and retailers of structural lumber. The effect of this mutual dependency in customer-supplier relationships increases, opening for opportunities to search for efficiency improvements across company borders.This article report the findings from a case study involving a major lumber manufacturing corporation in Norway and its largest customer, a vertically integrated distributor and home improvement retailer. In particular, the order process extending from identification of demand at the retail store to fulfilment of demand was comprehensively mapped, and possible areas for improved efficiency in the supply chain were identified.Using this approach, simple solutions for process improvement are commonly found, simply because individual actors rarely focus on optimising the complete supply chain, but rather sub-optimise a small fraction of the chain.The article also discusses some of the problems encountered when developing measures of performance intended to monitor and improve the process across company borders. Creating measures for monitoring performance is technically and methodologically difficult when dealing with several actors in a complex system using different business systems. The challenge greatly increases when the actors business objectives and philosophies are traditionally conflicting.
Authors
Marcel van Oijen Mats Høglind Hans Martin Hanslin Nick CaldwellAbstract
Previously, the literature on the growth of timothy (Phleum pratense L.) in Scandinavia was reviewed and a simple process-based model was developed to explain and predict the response of this species to different environments and management regimes. The model could not be tested in detail, because only biomass data were available at the time. However, recent experimental work has generated a large (n = 633) and uniquely detailed dataset on the growth and underlying physiology of timothy and its response to cutting at different growth stages. The present study aimed to use this dataset to test the model, and to use the model to identify the key physiological and morphological mechanisms that determine the regrowth rate of timothy after cutting. Model testing consisted of comparing simulations and measurements for eight variables: biomass, leaf area index (LAI), tiller and leaf density, rates of leaf appearance and elongation, carbohydrate concentration, and specific leaf area. Although the new data referred to a different cultivar, a different site, and different years from those used in the original model parameterization, the model was still able to account for nearly half the variation in the dataset [r2 = 0.468, normalized root mean squared error (RMSE) = 0.631]. This suggested that the key assumptions of the model (i.e., dependence of growth and allocation on the source-sink balance of the plants and a dose link between tillering and leaf area dynamics were plausible. However, the original model was not able to account for the observation that cutting at early heading tended to be followed by a longer lag phase than cutting at anthesis. We identified six mechanisms, not previously incorporated in the model, that improved its behavior: (1, 2) dependence of tillering and leaf appearance rate on carbohydrate concentration, (3, 4) dependence of leaf appearance and leaf elongation rate on plant phenological stage, (5) sprouting of new tillers from decapitated generative tillers, and (6) proportionality of the number of elongating leaves with tiller size. Incorporation of these mechanisms, followed by reparameterization using a Metropolis-Hastings Monte Carlo method, improved performance statistics (r2 = 0.521, normalized RMSE = 0.415) and explained the long duratjon of slow growth after early cutting. These mechanisms may thus be keys to understanding timothy regrowth.
Abstract
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Authors
Ivar Gjerde Magne Sætersdahl Jørund Rolstad Ken Olaf Storaunet Hans Blom Vegard Gundersen Einar HeegaardAbstract
We investigated the relationship between site productivity and diversity of vascular plants, bryophytes, lichens, and polypore fungi in forests based on species richness data in 0.25 ha forest plots (grain size), selected from six 150-200 ha study areas (focus), and spanning over a latitudinal distance of 1350 km (extent) in Norway. We (1) searched for prevailing productivity-diversity relationships (PDRs), (2) compared PDRs among taxonomic groups and species found in different micro-habitats, and (3) investigated the effect of increasing plot (grain) size on PDRs. Using vegetation types as a surrogate for site productivity, we found a general pattern of increasing species richness with site productivity. On average total species richness doubled with a ten-fold increase in productivity. Lichens PDRs stood out as less pronounced and more variable than for other species groups investigated. PDRs of species associated with downed logs tended to level off at high-productive sites, a pattern interpreted as an effect of disturbance. Increasing the grain size >10-fold did not change the proportional difference in species richness between sites with high and low productivity.
Abstract
Det er skrevet en rapport om dyrking og bruk av proteinråvarer i økologisk landbruk. Proteinvekster som erter, lupin, åkerbønne og rybs/raps er aktuelle fôrmidler både til drøvtyggere, fjørfe og gris. Proteinbehovet til disse dyreslagene kan dekkes med norsk produksjon forutsatt tilgang på både belgvekster og oljevekster. Av belgvekstene er det mulig å få til størst produksjon av erter, mens åkerbønne og lupin kan dyrkes i områdene med lengst vekstsesong. For å få i gang en økologisk oljevekstproduksjon må det utvikles dyrkingsteknikker som bedrer vinterherdigheten hos høstoljevekstene. Likeså må en finne løsninger på spillfrøproblemene og næringskrav ved produksjon av vår- og høstoljevekster. For begge vekstgrupper er det utfordringer knyttet til sjukdommer og skadedyr.
Abstract
Ein har studert samanhengen mellom avling, klimafaktorar og fruktkvalitet i plomme. Avling vart vurdert etter ein 1-5 skala, ein har nytta klimaparametrane månadsgjennomsnittstemperatur og månadssumnedbør og fruktkvalitet er målt som innhald av oppløyst turrstoff. Målingane er gjort i 19 år og omfattar 11 sortar. Hjå 8 av 11 sortar var det ein sterk negativ korrelasjon mellom avling og fruktkvalitet. Fruktkvaliteten var positivt relatert til varmt turt ver i april og juni, og til kjølig vått ver i mai. I forsøket på Ås fann ein negativ korrelasjon mellom julitemeperatur og fruktkvalitet, medan ein i Hardanger fann at varmt turt ver i juli betra fruktkvaliteten.
Popular science – Prøvetakings- og analyseplan for sigevann fra Solgård avfallsplass.
Thomas Hartnik
Authors
Thomas HartnikAbstract
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Abstract
Faust og Integra er tidlige sorter som har gitt høy avling. Sortene holder seg godt oppreist fram mot høsting. Integra er mer storfrøa enn Faust og har høyere proteininnhold. Flere av de nye sortene er lovende.
Authors
Arnfinn Nes Bjørn HagebergAbstract
Det er auka interesse for dyrking av jordbær for industri. Industrien ønskjer å utvikla nye produkt med redusert innhald av sukker. Det krev kanskje andre eigenskapar av råstoffet. Fleire nye jordbærsortar er med i forsøk med utvikling av nye produkt. Forsøka har så langt synt at ein av dei nye seleksjonanfrå det norske foredlingsprogrammet er den beste for dette produktet.