Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2025
Sammendrag
Informasjon om frøavl av engknoppurt, svartknoppurt og fagerknoppurt
2024
Sammendrag
Med en besetning som inneholder alle de bevaringsverdige, norske storferasene bygges nå nye hus på setra i Finndalen, hvor neste generasjon er i ferd med å ta over. – Det er mange utfordringer – både fysiske og økonomiske – ja, mange ting man må ta stilling til. Men det gjør det også spennende, sier familien Gubhage.
Sammendrag
Historien om Arne Brimi og dølafeet, og hvordan den globale gastronomien springer ut av lokale mattradisjoner, startet allerede rundt årtusenskiftet, da norske mesterkokker fikk smake kalvekjøtt av dølafe servert på Fossheim Hotell i Lom.
Sammendrag
Hva det er som får folk til å bygge noe så smått, selge alle tingene sine og flytte inn i et mikrohus?
Forfattere
Kari Straume EnerstadSammendrag
The climate is changing, and people and goods are crossing country borders more than ever. As a result, the number of alien plant species have increased worldwide, and it does not seem to be slowing down. This makes it even more important to find effective and sustainable management approaches to preserve the native species and habitats from the challenges invasive alien species may bring. This thesis explores the topic of alien plant species in the cultural landscape and how climate change and globalization impact the spread and establishment of these plants. The aim of the thesis is to identify the impacts climate change and globalization have on alien species and learn how they are managed. Additionally, investigate if discovered, alternative approaches could be applicable to the Norwegian management approaches on various levels of government. The thesis investigates how Norway manages alien plant species and explores the roles of national, regional and local government through theory and interviews. Three other nations are also studied, England, South Africa and Canada, to create a greater understanding of the variations in management and to compare the different approaches. The study found large variations in the municipal management approaches, limited collaboration between the stakeholders and decreased funding. A lack of knowledge and awareness among the public was also discovered. These factors collectively make managing alien plants difficult. Enhancing collaboration among national, regional and local management levels, alongside strengthening public awareness, has the potential to increase resources and enhance the effectiveness of management strategies.
Forfattere
Ingvild Alseth MolandSammendrag
This thesis explores an urbanized area in Norway, which is an important area for migratory birds both nationally and globally, through a case analysis. Together with knowledge base, the case analysis is used to develop some important measures for wader bird friendly urban landscapes. Urbanization and downsizing of nature put biodiversity under pressure, and many species are fighting for their survival. Bird populations are declining worldwide, and the species that are mostly affected by urbanization are often the species with special habitat requirements. In Europe, ground nesting birds experience a larger decline compared to other bird species. Wader birds are in rapid population decline and are therefore of conservation concern across Europe. Globally there are about 209 species of wader birds, and in Norway there are around 70 species registered. Population decline has been observed in several species of waders, and about 50 % of the waders in Norway are appearing on the Norwegian red list for species. Management decisions have the potential to influence important nesting and feeding habitats and protect wader birds in urban areas. Still, the wader birds have received a limited amount of attention and research in Norway. Fornebu, in Bærum municipality, is characterized as one of the most species rich localisations in Norway. Fornebu has gone through dramatic land use changes, transforming from an initial farming area to the primary airport of Norway, to a large housing project for business, housing, and recreation. The housing project is Northern Europe’s largest housing project and has affected the nature values through the construction of roads, housing, park-like landscapes, and increased human disturbance. The transformation has changed the natural landscape leading to a reduction of bird habitats. A document analysis reveals the municipality’s plans for future development of the landscape, and stakeholders’ perspectives on facilitating the landscape, through measures that might affect wader birds. The measures that emerge as most important is: to preserve the shoreline, restore wetlands, establish ponds, take care of meadows, facilitate edges with native vegetation, establish suitable habitats on green roofs, facilitate paths and signs for education amongst people, and facilitate protection against predators. The measures can help to protect and enhance the abundance of wader birds in urbanization processes and already urbanized landscapes and can help to raise awareness and promote education to citizens. The measures will also affect other species and can enhance the overall resilience of an urban environment.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Audun With AasgårdSammendrag
The focus on increasing timber in Norwegian forests has led to a doubling in volume the last 100 years, the harvesting on the other hand has been stagnating. An increase in demand of timber has on the other hand led to an increased harvesting focus. Harvesting in steep terrain is an easy way to increase the harvesting in Norway, especially since these areas have been left untouched until now. Since the volume in these areas have increased and the demand for timber is high, the operational costs have gone down, making the economical gain of harvesting these areas higher. An alternative that has grown in popularity the last years is winch assisted harvesting with T-winch. This harvesting method has shown good results both for economy and ecology compared to the traditional ways of harvesting in steep terrain. However, there is an uncertainty for how long a the time usage is for rigging in this harvesting method. In this study the main goal is to establish an model that can tell the time usage of rigging a T-winch for whole harvesting area. The study is also going to figure out if slope has an impact of the movement speed of the winch. The data was collected with the help of a GPS that was mounted on the T-winch. The data registered by the GPS was used to analysing the movement speed of the winch on the roads and in terrain of the harvesting area. The time usage of the winch will depend on the distance the winch will have to travel and which speed it has while moving over these distances. To calculate time usage, we need the movement speed of the winch while it moves over a variety of distances with different factors. The model should give an estimate of the time usage over the different phases of the rigging of a T-winch during a harvest. This will help the forestry leaders and machine entrepreneurs to make decisions based on knowledge of both how the harvest should be performed, but also if the harvesting method even is relevant for different sites. The model is adaptive since all the different phases operate separately from each other and some might not have to be used in certain harvest areas. The model also has weaknesses, especially as phases for both planning and securing the winch is missing. The planning phase may make a significant difference in time usage of rigging as bad planning will lead to an increase in time used. The securing of the winch is done to secure both machines and operators of the harvest and should also have been included in the study. These factors were not taken into consideration in this study. Slope did not have a significant effect on speed in the study.
Forfattere
Mads Haugom ØverstuenSammendrag
The interest of planting pine (Pinus Sylvestris) has increased in Norway over the last few years. The latest numbers from, among other, Statsforvalteren i Innlandet has shown an increase from 1,6 million planted pine plants in 2020 to 2,4 million pine plants in 2023, with a top year in 2022 with 2,6 million plants in Innlandet. The increasing interest, as well as the importance of planting the right species at the right location regarding the ongoing climate change makes it interesting to understand how we can make plants grow and survive better. In this study, I’m therefore going to examine how short-day treatment affects the field performance of pine plants. I’m also testing how well the plants perform when planted on different planting dates. In a field trial at Stange, located in Innlandet, Norway, we established three plots where we planted 900 pine plants in total. 450 of these where short-day treated for 3 weeks in June, where they got 14-hour nights. The other 450 plants were non-treated. The plants where thereafter outplanted at three different times during late summer and autumn to test the effect of late autumn planting on pine. I registered height, diameter, vitality and cause of damage when they were planted and after the following growing season. The short-day treated plants showed better growth and survival compared to non-treated plants. Planting later in the autumn affected the diameter growth negatively but had no effect on height growth. Planting later in the autumn led to more dead plants, but the death ratio for all planting dates was relatively small, ranging from 4,3 – 15,3%, regardless of the treatment. The short-day treated plants handled the later planting dates better than the non-treated ones. The only cause of damage that was considered important in this study was browsing damage. Short-day treated plants were less damaged than the non-treated ones. The distribution of damaged plants between the planting dates were relatively even.
Forfattere
Sigrid Esmeralda ArnestadSammendrag
På norske gravplasser er plassmangel et problem grunnet svært treg nedbrytning av menneskekropper som fremdeles kan være intakte etter flere tiår i en kistegrav. Ved etablering av nye gravfelt har masseutskifting med blandinger av maskinelt knust sand blitt benyttet for å sikre god drenering. Det eksisterer derimot lite kunnskap om langtidseffekten av denne type kunstig jord på nedbrytning i kistegraver. Knust sand fra stein har troligere høy pH og skarpere overflater som sannsynligvis pakkes annerledes enn naturlig rundet sand, hvilket kan ha betydning for jordfysiske egenskaper og påvirke transport og innhold av vann og luft. De antatte egenskapene kan påvirke forhold som styrer den mikrobielle aktiviteten, som er avgjørende for god nedbrytning. Oppgaven har derfor som formål å bidra til økt kunnskap om egenskaper til knust sand gjennom å karakterisere fysiske, hydrauliske og kjemiske egenskaper, samt å undersøke jordmassenes påvirkning på organisk mikrobiell nedbrytning. Ulike tester ble gjennomført i et lysimeteranlegg på følgende utvalg av sand; to typer knust sand, to naturlige sand, og fire typer blandinger av disse. Teposer ble begravd i to dybder med kontrollert vannstand og standard fysiske og kjemiske analyser samt vannlagringskapasitet ble undersøkt på jordprøver i lab. I tillegg ble infiltrasjonshastighet målt på jordmassene i lysimetrene. Resultatene fra studiet viste at massetap av te var signifikant mindre i knust enn naturlig sand, forholdsvis i det øvre jordlaget. Det antas at dette i hovedsak skyldes redusert mikrobiell nedbrytning, trolig som følge av høyere pH, lavt innhold av organisk materiale og for lite fuktighet i de knuste massene. Sistnevnte antakelig på grunn av lav vannlagringskapasitet. Nedbrytning av te var generelt lavere i det nedre jordlaget, trolig grunnet redusert oksygen som følge av mer fuktighet fra den nærliggende vannstanden. I de groveste kunstige og naturlige sandtypene ble det derimot ikke observert redusert nedbrytning i det nedre jordlaget, mulig som følge av fravær av kapillært vann fra den nærliggende vannstanden og antakelig fremdeles opprettholdelse av aerob mikrobiell aktivitet. Samtidig bør det bemerkes at forskjellene i nedbrytning stort sett ikke var signifikante mellom noen av jordtypene i dette jordlaget. Sandpartiklene ser ut til å være betraktelig mer kantet enn de naturlige, men studien viste ingen overbevisende forskjell i total porøsitet og det er behov for mer forskning på langtidseffekten av konsolidering som følge av forskjeller i partikkelform. I alt indikerer resultatene at mikrobiell nedbrytning kan begrenses i knust sand sammenliknet med naturlig, noe som vil være ugunstig dersom massene benyttes på kirkegårder der det er ønske om høy mikrobiell aktivitet og nedbrytning.