Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2012
Forfattere
Felix Herzog Michaela Arndorfer Debra Bailey Katalin Balázs Peter Dennis Tetyana Dyman Wendy Fjellstad Jürgen Friedel Salah Garchi Ilse Geijzendorffer Philippe Jeanneret Rob Jongman Maximilian Kainz Luisa Last Gisela Lüscher Gerardo Moreno Charles Nkwiine Maurizio Paoletti Philippe Pointereau Jean-Pierre Sarthou Siyka Stoyanova Stefano Targetti Davide ViaggiSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Hanne Gro Wallin Gunnar EnganSammendrag
An overall societal aim is to ensure a sustainable use and management of agricultural landscapes. This requires continuous delivery of reliable and up-to-date information to decision-makers. To be able to deliver this information, a monitoring program for agricultural landscapes was initiated in Norway 13 years ago. The program documents and reports on land use / land cover changes from data captured through interpretation of true colour aerial photos using stereo instruments. The monitoring programme is based on a sample of 1000 squares of 1 x 1 km and the entire sample of squares is photographed over a five-year period. Each square is then mapped repeatedly every fifth year to record changes. Aerial photo interpretation is based on a custom classification system which is built up hierarchically, with three levels. The first level comprises seven land type classes: Agricultural land, Bare ground, Semi-natural open vegetation, Unforested wetland vegetation, Forest, Urban areas and Water. These land classes are further divided into 24 land types at level two, and approximately 100 land types at level 3. In addition to land type units we map both line elements like stone fences and point elements like buildings and solitary threes. By use of indicators that describe status and change focusing on themes of particular policy interest, we can report on whether policy aims are being fulfilled or not. Four indicator themes have been in focus hitherto: landscape spatial structure, biological diversity, cultural heritage and accessibility. Our data is stored in databases and most of the data quality check/structure process and analyses are now being made in open source software like PostGIS and PostSQL. To assess the accuracy of the photo-interpretation, ground truthing is carried out on 10 % of the squares. The results of this operation document the benefits of having access to photos of the same area from two different years. The program is designed first and foremost to provide reliable statistics at a national level but the aim is also to report at regional levels – for example for counties or for agricultural landscape regions. The national coverage and application of standardized methods enable frequent updating. This method is cost effective and enables us to quantify changes in landscape qualities as well as adapting the programme to take account of e.g. new findings on relevant indicators.
Forfattere
Halvor SolheimSammendrag
Orerust er vidt utbredt i Sør-Norge og et stykke nord i Nordland. Etter introduksjon til Europa har den spredd seg meget raskt. Den infiserer oreblad og ved sterke angrep kan det bli tidlig bladfall. Gråor blir lettere angrepet enn svartor.
Forfattere
Halvor SolheimSammendrag
Eikemjøldogg ble første gang registrert i Norge i 1911 og spredte seg meget raskt. Den er nå vidt utbredt i eikeskoger og parker fra svenskegrensa til Møre og Romsdal. Den infiserer eikeblad som ved sterke angrep kan bli helt kvitkalket.
Forfattere
Halvor SolheimSammendrag
Almesjuke, som kan forårsakes av to forskjellige sopparter, har vært kjent i Norge fra 1963. Fra 1981, da den aggressive arten O. novo-ulmi kom til Norge, har sjukdommen utviklet seg raskt. Den er nå etablert rundt Oslofjorden fra Fredrikstad til Skien. Almesjuke har de senere årene spredd seg lite og i skogsområder dør forholdvis få trær slik at gjenvekst og tilvekst kompenserer for tapet.
Sammendrag
The use of wood in outdoor constructions has long traditions in Norway. In the last decade, the environmentally demands for wood protective systems has become stricter. At the same time, new design solutions are arising that will challenge the decay protection in outdoor constructions. In this article, the potential for antioxidants as a wood protective agent was tested. Both natural and synthetic antioxidants have been used. All samples achieved a sufficient uptake of impregnation agent, and all the tested products showed a reduction in wood decay rate compared to the control. The protections by the antioxidants are more effective against brown rot fungi, than white rot fungi. The synthetic antioxidants stop the fungal degradation of the brown rot fungi, and should be considered as an additive in future and existing wood protective systems.
Sammendrag
A crucial process of the terrestrial carbon cycle is photosynthetic uptake through plants. This may be quantified by calculating the fraction of absorbed photosynthetic active radiation (fapar), based on multispectral reflectance properties of the earth surface. The fapar index is available with global coverage from satellite sensors.Here, we combine two satellite missions, SeaWifs on board OrbView2 and MERIS on board Envisat, to produce time series with 10 days resolution for a period of 14 years (19982011) at a spatial resolution of 0.5 latitude x 0.5 longitude. These more than 50000 individual time series represent a huge range of dynamical behavior with respect to variability, periodicities and correlation structure.To characterize differences as a function of spatial location or distance, we employ Recurrence Quantification Analysis (RQA) and Recurrence Network Analysis (RNA). Two strategies are followed. On one hand, RQA and network variables are calculated for individual time series using identical recurrence parameters, and compared to see whether differences between them resemble different climate regimes, biomes, plant functional types or landuse classes. On the other hand, a multivariate extension of RNA will be exploited to see whether networks within networks occur, i.e. whether RNA provides sufficient contrasts to discern different clusters of pixels on the globe.Taken together, the recurrence analysis might lead to a new classification of the terrestrial biosphere which in turn can be compared to existing partitioning based on climate and/or vegetation properties. A number of technical issues will be addressed as well, such as the impact of the finite length of the series (504 values each), the necessity to gapfill parts of the data, the stability of network variables against changes in the recurrence parameters, or the computational challenges involved in the multinetwork analysis of many series. http://dames.pik-potsdam.de/Abstracts.pdf
Forfattere
Isabella Børja Jan Svtlík Toril Drabløs Eldhuset Holger Lange Frank Newell Kidder Douglas Lawrence GodboldSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Arne BardalenSammendrag
Intensiteten i den norske skog- og klimadebatten er tidvis høy, men er den dermed også relevant? Det kan synes som man anser veivalg i norsk skogforvaltning og bruken av biomasse fra norske skoger som avgjørende for å redde kloden fra irreversible klimaendringer....