Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2017
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Tore SkrøppaSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Umberto Salvagnin M. Malnoy Gunda Thöming M. Tasin S. Carlin S. Martens U. Vrhovsek S. Angeli G. AnforaSammendrag
In nature plant terpenoids play multiple ecological roles. Many phytophagous insects use them as kairomones to locate their host plants. This is also the case for Lobesia botrana, which is the main pest of European vineyards. It was found that a specific blend of the terpenoids (E)-β-caryophyllene, (E)-β-farnesene and the homoterpene (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene emitted by grapevine was attractive to L. botrana females, and the attractiveness was shown to be dependent on the kairomone ratio. In this work, we generated stable grapevine transgenic lines with altered (E)-β-caryophyllene and (E)-β-farnesene emission compared to natural plants. Thus, we modified the ratio between these two kairomones in vivo, and tested how it affected L. botrana behaviour.
Sammendrag
Plant defence against environmental stressors often changes dramatically as plant develop. The composition of secondary compounds (PSM) in the vegetation of a landscape has extensive influence on ecosystem functioning. It is therefore crucial that we understand how various temporal factors affect plant content of PSMs, particularly those indirectly induced and controlled by human activity. One illustrative PSM group of major ecological interest is phenolics, which serve needs as diverse as herbivory defence, pathogen resistance, allelopathy or symbioses signalling, frost and drought hardiness, and photodamage protection. I will present results from our ongoing studies of defensive chemistry of European beech (Fagus sylvatica) and birch (Betula spp) across seasons and ages, and discuss the results in relation to ecological theories and functionality of plant chemical defence.
Forfattere
Ola FlatenSammendrag
Western livestock sectors have shifted towards fewer, larger farms, causing concerns about the appearance of the countryside, ecosystem services, and rural depopulation. This study empirically estimates factors likely to affect exit intentions in sheep farms. Data were collected from specialised sheep farms included in the Norwegian Farm Business Survey. Of the 59 responses, 44 operators believed the farm would be producing sheep in 10 years. A logistic regression model was used to determine the most decisive variables associated with an exit intention, where the interdependence of factors affecting profitability and, subsequently, exit intention were taken into account. This study found that farmers reporting the most positive views of the local farming community were less likely to plan an exit. Exit intentions were not significantly influenced by farming goals, location, off-farm income, or profitability. The primacy of non-economic, community-based factors as an engine to sustain farms, suggests that more attention need to be paid to social processes and relations in local communities. Farmer groups and policy-makers should consider how to encourage supportive local communities when designing policies to retain sheep farms.
Forfattere
Eldrid Lein MoltebergSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Gunnhild SøgaardSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Hva er hovedgrunnen til at mange sauebønder velger å slutte? Og hvorfor velger andre å fortsette? Lønnsomheten viser seg å bety lite. Det avgjørende er fagmiljøet, mener forsker Ola Flaten i NIBIO.
Sammendrag
Kompetansekravet for å svare på markedets forventninger knyttet til matproduksjon, foredling, tilberedning og servering, er sammensatt og sterkt tverrfaglig. Dette henger sammen med at forbrukerendringer de siste par tiår har gått i retning av mer fokus på matens opprinnelse, både mht. miljø-, dyrevelferd og helseaspektet. En naturlig konsekvens er at behovet for å koble sammen næringer langs hele verdikjeden øker. Samtidig meldes det om rekrutteringsutfordringer til matbransjen, og tilgangen på fagutdannede er lav. Sett i lys av fagskolereformen, der målet er å utdanne flere fagfolk for framtiden gjennom økt kvalitet og status på fagskoleutdanningen, er det derfor viktig å arbeide for å etablere utdanningstilbud som møter denne etterspørselen....
Forfattere
Eva Narten HøbergSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag