Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2006
Forfattere
Liv Guri VelleSammendrag
Kronikk i Nationen om gjengroing av kystlyngheiane. Kronikken oppfordrar til fokus på skjøtsel og bruk, politisk vilje, ressursar og heilskapleg tenking, dersom ein skal klare å ta vare på verdiane i dei opne lyngheiane.
Forfattere
Arne GrønlundSammendrag
EU-kommisjonen har vedtatt Rammedirektiv for jord som innebærer at medlemslandene og Norge må sette i verk risikovurdering og tiltak for å beskytte jord.
Forfattere
Bjørn MoltebergSammendrag
Resultater og konklusjoner fra greenforsøka på Apelsvoll og Landvik
Forfattere
Trygve S. AamlidSammendrag
From 2003 to 2006, three varieties of velvet bentgrass (Agrostis canina), thirteen varieties of creeping bentgrass, nine varieties of colonial bentgrass (Agrostis capillaris), four varieties of slender creeping red fescue (Festuca rubra var. trichophylla), thirteen varieties of chewings fescue (Festuca rubra var. commutata), and one variety of annual bluegrass (Poa annua var. reptans) were evaluated for establishment rate, overall turf quality (visual merit), tiller density, color, leaf fineness, per cent living plant cover, winter injury, disease resistance, spring green-up, daily height growth, and thatch accumulation in trials on USGA-spec. putting greens at the Bioforsk research stations Landvik (58°N, 12 m a.s.l.) and Apelsvoll (61°N, 250 m a.s.l.) in south-east Norway. These experimental sites are considered representative for the southern/coastal and the northern/ continental zone of Scandinavia, respectively. The trials were mowed three times per week to 3 mm for bentgrass species and annual bluegrass and to 4.5-5.0 mm for red fescues, fertilized with easily soluble, small-grain mineral fertilizer every second week, and otherwise managed as putting greens with respect to irrigation, vertical mowing, topdressing etc. The greens were not open to regular play, but articifial wear was imposed by rolling friction-drums with golf-spikes over the trials three timers per week. On average for varieties within each species, velvet bentgrass had the highest visual merit scores at both experimental sites. Velvet bentgrass had higher density and finer leaves than any other species in the study. Along with colonial bentgrass, it also had better winter survival than creeping bentgrass, red fescue and annual bluegrass. The main disadvantage of velvet bentgrass is the rapid formation of thatch; this problem must be resolved before a general recommendation for use of velvet bentgrass on Scandinavian putting greens can be given. Next to velvet bentgrass, colonial bentgrass and creeping bentgrass were ranked as the most suitable species for golf courses in the northern/continental and southern/coastal zone, respectively. Red fescues should be preferred on golf courses not using fungicides and with limited maintenance budgets. While annual bluegrass `True Putt" cannot be recommended for putting greens in any part of Scandinavia, the ranking of varieties within each species depended, for the most part, on climatic zone. The following list of recommended varieties for putting greens has been presented to the Scandinavian Turfgrass and Environment Research Foundation:
Forfattere
Trygve S. Aamlid Bjørn MoltebergSammendrag
This oral presentation summarizes results from the project "Evaluation of Agrostis and Festuca varieties on Scandinavian golfgreens" as of 1 June 2006. See Aamlid, Molteberg, Enger, Steensohn & Susort 2006: Bioforsk Report 189(1) for more complete results. Some preliminary results from variety testing on fairway are also included.
Sammendrag
Based on testing of 43 varieties from 2003 through 2006, this report gives recommendations for selection of turfgrass varieties for putting greens on golf courses with various resources and in various parts of Scandinavia.
Sammendrag
When using chitosan as an antifungal agent in wood it is important to understand which factors contribute to a higher fixation ratio to optimize the utilization of chitosan, the active component. Small pine samples were impregnated with chitosan solutions varying in molecular weight, concentration, pH, polymerization agent, acid and degree of deacetylation. Different post-treatments such as time, temperature, moisture content and the effect of present air were applied to the samples to evaluate the effect on the relative retention. After impregnation, the samples, with a volume of 1.5 cm3, were leached in separate test-tubes according to EN-84. The samples were prepared in a paired design where both samples were impregnated, but only one was leached. Both leached and unleached samples were analysed for their chitosan content, and the relative ratio was used as a measure for the relative retention of chitosan during leaching. The results from these trials show that pH in the range of 5.1-5.9 is favourable. The molecular weight should be as high as possible yet able to penetrate the wood structure, and the use of acetic acid gives far better fixation than the use of hydrochloric acid.
Sammendrag
During 2005 and 2006, 12 different fertilizer/biostimulant products or product families were evaluated on a new USGA green, a new sand-based football field, and/or a two to three year old USGA green at Bioforsk"s research units Landvik, Særheim and Apelsvoll in Southern Norway. Within each trial, all treatments were adjusted to the same total nitrogen rate per year (3.0/2.8, 2.5/1.7, and 1.75/1.75 kg N/100 m2 on the football field, new and established golf green in 2005/2006, respectively). Inputs of other nutrients varied among treatments. Application intervals varied among treatments in 2005, but most products were applied at biweekly intervals in 2006. Mineral fertilizers Arena® (small granules) and Fullgjødsel® were included as control treatments on golf greens and the football field, respectively. The mostly animal-based organic product families Suståne resulted in faster grow-in of the creeping bentgrass green at Landvik, while the products familiy ProGreen and ProGreen plus Activo had a similar effect on the football field established on straight sand at Særheim. When used as the only fertilizer source, neither these product families nor the animal-based product family Bio Kombi showed any advantage for maintenance of established turf The only product family resulting in a general improvement in turfgrass quality over the whole experimental period was Gro-Power®. This product family is based on humus, with all of its nitrogen in an easily available form. Unlike most other organic product families, it was tested in combination with mineral fertilizer Arena® as used in the control treatment. When used as the only fertilizer source, the seaweed product Golf Algin resulted in slower grow-in and more diseases in autumn than the control treatment. Used as maintenance fertilizer during summer, the visual ratings of Golf Algin plots were equal to or higher than the visual ratings of control plots. The liquid organic fertilizer Flex" resulted in slow establishment at Landvik and Særheim. In summer, the visual ratings of Flex" plots at these locations were mostly on level with or higher than control plots, but in autumn, the turf at Landvik became very light green, perhaps due to leaching losses. Like Golf Algin, Flex" seems to be a good maintenance fertilizer for the summer period. The seaweed product Maxicrop" had no effect on turf quality at Landvik. The biostimulant GoGreen improved turfgrass colour in autumn, but had no effect on winter diseases after almost five months of snow cover at Apelsvoll. By contrast, replacement of some of the Arena® fertilizer with ammoniumsulfate resulted in significantly better winter survival, root development and overall turfgrass quality in the same experiment. In conclusion, we recommend that fertilization of sand-based golf greens and football fields are primarily based on light and frequent applications of mineral fertilizer throughout the growing season. Organic fertilizers and biostimulants can never replace mineral fertilizer, but they are important supplements that warrant further research for optimal use.
Forfattere
Gro Hege LudvigsenSammendrag
Rapporten evaluerer det svenske nasjonale miljøovervåkingsprogrammet for pesticider. Programmet omfatter intensiv overvåking av fire bekker, to elver, sediment og grunnvann. Sveriges Landbruksuniversitet er ansvarlig for programmet. De utøver en meget god ledelse av programmet og gjennomføringen og kvalitetssikringen i alle ledd er meget bra. Vi har foreslått at programmet videreføres uten vesentlige endringer. Det er laget en liste over priorterte oppgaver dersom det tilføres mer ressurser til programmet.
Sammendrag
Rovdyrklaver, også kalt gaupeklaver, har vært benyttet på lam som forebyggende tiltak siden starten på 1990-tallet. Mange fylker har vært involvert i slike prosjekt, men det er kun i Buskerud, Sør-Trøndelag og i Nord-Trøndelag bruken av gaupeklaver har blitt fulgt opp i mer enn to år. Grunnen til at mange har avsluttet prosjektene sine etter ett til to år er mangel på en klar forebyggende effekt av tiltaket. Variasjonen i lammetap har vært stor både mellom områder og mellom år i samme område. Det samme gjelder variasjon i lammetap med hensyn på hvilken type klave som har blitt benyttet. Til tross for dette viser denne undersøkelsen at de aller fleste forsøkene har ført til at lam med klaver har hatt lavere dødelighet i forhold til lam uten klaver, både i og mellom besetninger.