Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2008
Sammendrag
Insect-induced damages in forests are a major concern for timber production, landscape conservation and ecosystem research. Early detection methods based on remote sensing data can document the severity and spatial extent of ongoing attacks and might aid in designing mitigation measures or even prevention where necessary. In southeastern Norway, a large-scale insect defoliation of pine trees is ongoing. The larvae of the Pine sawfly Neodiprion sertifer reate it with its mass attacks during their feeding on needles in June and July. In the winter before the attack, egg galleries are evident in the needles. This provides a test case for early detection methods and remote sensing techniques for monitoring forest health....
Forfattere
Trygve S. AamlidSammendrag
I dette intervjuet oppfordrer Hans Johan Kjølsrød til større satsing på norsk frøavl, først og fremst av timotei for eksport. Han betoner viktigheten av god rådgivning.
Forfattere
Liv Birkeland (sluttet)Sammendrag
Økologisk mat er et populært innslag på festivaler og andre arrangementer. For å kunne markeds føre maten som økologisk, må man få en godkjenning fra Debio i forkant av arrangementet. Godkjenningen gir deg rett til å benytte Ø-merket i markedsføringen - et merke som 90 prosent av Norges befolkning kjenner igjen.
Forfattere
Espen Tangen Aarnes Martin SmithSammendrag
For dem som ferdes i bjørneområder er det viktig å ha kjennskap til bjørnens adferd, og hvordan man selv skal reagere ved møte med bjørn. God kunnskap på disse feltene vil minske sjansen for uheldige utfall av nærgående møter med bjørn.
Sammendrag
Recent in situ 13C studies suggest that lignin is not stabilised in soil in its polymerised form. However, the fate of its transformation products remains unknown. The objective of the present research was to provide the first comprehensive picture of the fate of lignin-derived C across its transformations processes: (1) C remaining as undecomposed lignin molecules, (2) C in newly formed humic substances, i.e. no longer identifiable as lignin-polymer C, (3) C in microbial biomass, (4) C mineralised as CO2, and (5) dissolved organic C. To achieve this objective, we designed an incubation experiment with 13C-labelled lignin where both elementary and molecular techniques were applied. Lignin was isolated from 13C labelled maize plants (13C-MMEL) and incubated in an agricultural soil for 44 weeks. Carbon mineralisation and stable isotope composition of the released CO2 were monitored throughout the incubation. Microbial utilisation of 13C-MMEL was measured seven times during the experiment. The turnover rate of the lignin polymer was assessed by 13C analysis of CuO oxidation products of soil lignin molecules. After 44 incubation weeks, 6.0% of initial 13C-MMEL carbon was mineralised, 0.8% was contained in the microbial biomass, and 0.1% was contained in dissolved organic C form. The compound-specific 13C data suggest that the remaining 93% were overwhelmingly in the form of untransformed lignin polymer. However, limited transformation into other humic substances potentially occurred, but could not be quantified because the yield of the CuO oxidation method proved somewhat variable with incubation time. The initial bacterial growth yield efficiency for MMEL was 31% and rapidly decreased to plateau of 8%. A two-pool first-order kinetics model suggested that the vast majority (97%) of MMEL lignin had a turnover time of about 25 years, which is similar to field-estimated turnover times for soil-extractable lignin but much longer than estimated turnover times for fresh plant-residue lignin. We conclude that natural lignin structures isolated from plants are rather unreactive in soil, either due to the lack of easily available organic matter for co-metabolism or due to enhanced adsorption properties. The data also suggest that fairly undecomposed lignin structures are the main reservoir of lignin-derived C in soils.
Forfattere
Haithem Bahri Daniel Rasse Cornelia Rumpel Marie-France Dignac Gerard Bardoux Andre MariottiSammendrag
Recent in situ 13C studies suggest that lignin is not stabilised in soil in its polymerized form. However, the fate of its transformation products remains unknown. The objective of the present research was to provide the first comprehensive picture of the fate of lignin-derived C across its transformations processes: 1) C remaining as undecomposed lignin molecules, 2) C in newly formed humic substances, i.e. no longer identifiable as lignin-polymer C 3) C in microbial biomass, 4) C mineralised as CO2, and 5) dissolved organic C. To achieve this objective, we designed an incubation experiment with 13C-labelled lignin where both elementary and molecular techniques were applied. Lignin was isolated from 13C labelled maize plants (13C-MMEL) and incubated in an agricultural soil for 44 weeks. Carbon mineralisation and stable isotope composition of the released CO2 were monitored throughout the incubation. Microbial utilisation of 13C-MMEL was measured seven times during the experiment. The turnover rate of the lignin polymer was assessed by 13C analysis of CuO oxidation products of soil lignin molecules. After 44 incubation weeks, 6.0% of initial 13C-MMEL carbon was mineralized, 0.8% was contained in the microbial biomass, and 0.1% was contained in dissolved organic C form. The compound-specific 13C data suggest that the remaining 93% were overwhelmingly in the form of untransformed lignin polymer. However, limited transformation into other humic substances potentially occurred, but could not be quantified because the yield of the CuO oxidation method proved somewhat variable with incubation time. The initial bacterial growth yield efficiency for MMEL was 31% and rapidly decreased to plateau of 8%. A two-pool first-order kinetics model suggested that the vast majority (97%) of MMEL lignin had a turnover time of about 25 years, which is similar to field-estimated turnover times for soil-extractable lignin but much longer than estimated turnover times for fresh plant-residue lignin. We conclude that natural lignin structures isolated from plants are rather unreactive in soil, either due to the lack of easily available organic matter for co-metabolism or due to enhanced adsorption properties. The data also suggest that fairly undecomposed lignin structures are the main reservoir of lignin-derived C in soils.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Reidun Pommeresche Maud GrøttaSammendrag
Miniseminar for økologiske gardbrukere, men foredrag om jordliv i forhold til jordarbeiding og gjødsling. Vising av en videofilm om jorddyr. Praktiske oppgaver ute med å grave i jorda og tolke jordprofil og se etter meitemark og nitrogenfikserende knoller på kløverrøtter
Forfattere
Toril Eklo Trond HofsvangSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Stig UlvangSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag