Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2012
Forfattere
Daniela Sauer Peter Finke Rolf Sørensen Ragnhild Sperstad Isabelle Schülli-Maurer Helge I. Høeg Karl StahrSammendrag
The first results of modeling soil development in marine sediments in S Norway using the model SoilGen are compared to measured properties of two soil chronosequences, on the western and eastern side of Oslofjord, respectively. The aim of this work is to test how well soil development under well-defined environmental conditions can be modeled. Such testing reveals to what degree soil-forming processes are understood, allowing formulation of adequate calculations reflecting these processes. The model predicts particle size distribution reasonably well, although clay depletion in the upper parts of the soils as a result of clay migration is overestimated. The model tends to underestimate contents of organic carbon and CEC in the A horizons: below, modeled CEC matches well with measured CEC. Base saturation is overestimated in the upper 40 cm and underestimated below. Apparently, leaching of bases proceeds less rapidly in reality than is predicted by the model, due to strong soil structure of the B horizons, causing preferential flow and base leaching around the aggregates, whereas bases inside the aggregates are only slightly affected by leaching. Difficulties and possibilities for improvements are identified, some related to model input data and some to the model itself. Input data could be improved by determining the amounts of organic carbon in organic surface horizons and by quantifying effects of bioturbation. A big challenge is the implementation of soil structure formation in the model. Quantitative data on the development of soil structure with time that can be included in a model are required. Amounts, distribution and connectivity of macro pores need to be defined for each stage of soil development, and zones of low and high base leaching need to be distinguished in the model for each time step. The long-term aim of this work is to model soil development with different sets of soil-forming factors, e.g. different climatic conditions in order to reliably predict soil development under different climate scenarios and related sets of soil-forming factors. The results of the first model runs and the identified possible improvements suggest that this aim is generally achievable.
Forfattere
Anne K. Falk ØgaardSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
For materialer som brukes i konstruksjoner er det viktig at de oppfyller sin funksjon gjennom levetiden til konstruksjonen. Dersom deler eller hele konstruksjonen må skiftes ut tidligere enn planlagt, bidrar dette til økte kostnader og større miljøbelastning. Levetiden til en trekonstruksjon påvirkes av en rekke faktorer, som i større eller mindre grad kan påvirkes.
Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Tatsiana Espevig Bjørn Molteberg Anne Marte Tronsmo Publikasjonsforfatter Trygve S. AamlidSammendrag
The use of velvet bentgrass (Agrostis canina L.) on putting greens is limited by sparse knowledge on optimal maintenance. Our objective was to determine the effects of N (75 or 150 kg N ha–1 yr–1), topdressing (0.5 or 1.0 mm biweekly), and mechanical-biological treatment (grooming, vertical cutting, spiking, and Thatch-less) on turfgrass visual quality, playability, winter survival, and thatch formation. The study was conducted at a coastal location in Norway (Landvik, 58°N) from August 2007 to May 2010 on sandbased root zone (United States Golf Association specifications) seeded in late spring 2007 with velvet bentgrass ‘Legendary’. Only the higher N rate gave acceptable quality during the first 2 yr after sowing. The higher N rate reduced moss and winter injuries from disease compared with the lower Nbut decreased surface hardness by 21% and reduced ball roll distance by 6 to 14%. Significant interactions reflected an increase in mat organic matter with increasing N rate under light but not under heavy topdressing. Compared with grooming only, grooming plus vertical cutting significantly reduced mat organic matter from 64 to 53 g kg–1. Grooming plus spiking improved water infiltrationrate by 51% compared with grooming alone. Thatch-less increased hardness of the otherwise soft plots receiving grooming plus spiking but had no effect on mat depth or organic matter content.
Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Per Engelseth Aksel DøvingSammendrag
The case provides an overview of a complete fresh strawberry supply network from the perspective of Valldal Grønt AS, a small grower-owned cooperative situated in the picturesque fjords region of North-Western Norway. This case is predominately related to supply chain management (SCM), but may also be used in marketing to illustrate how logistics creates value for end-users; illustrating how logistics processes may be developed to secure market orientation. Furthermore issues regarding food safety, quality, information transparency and ethics are in a subtle manner embedded in the case narrative. The case provides an end-to-end picture; natural given the short time-frame of this product from harvest to consumption. Furthermore the reader is suggested to notice the particularities of this product supply case. Fresh seasonal distribution of Norwegian produced strawberries is as one informant expressed: "Like a completely different planet". These products are heavily embedded in Norwegians’ perception of summer and represent the most important produce when in season measured both in volume and value.
Forfattere
Liv Guri Velle Vigdis Vandvik Liv S. NilsenSammendrag
Our study demonstrates that old stands do develop characteristic heathland vegetation and structure after fire, and while potential invasives into the system such as trees and rhizomatous species are present, they do not impair Calluna regeneration or vegetation development towards the target heathland community composition and structure. Further, as our young stands are only in their second fire rotation after restoration, we suggest that characteristic dynamics of managed heathlands can re-establish relatively rapidly, even in severely degenerated sites (50 years since last fire). Site-specific factors also need to be considered. We conclude that there is restoration potential in old heaths, despite slow dynamics in the first rotation.
Sammendrag
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