Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2001
Forfattere
Arne HermansenSammendrag
Smittepress for tørråte, varling på Internett og sprøytestrategi omtales i denne fagartikkelen.
2000
Sammendrag
Preharvest cuticular fractures in sweet cherry fruits have been suggested to facilitate pathogen invasion, and a method to classify amount of cuticular fracturing into five categories (1 = no visible fractures, 5 = severe fracturing) has previously been proposed (18). Sweet cherry fruits of the four cultivars Early Burlat, Lapins, Van, and Vista were sorted into these five categories of cuticular fracturing and inoculated with conidial suspensions of either Botrytis cinerea or Monilinia laxa. After incubating the fruits at 20°C and 100% RH for 4 - 7 days, they were assessed for visible fungal growth. Due to quiescent infections of M. laxa, fruits treated with B. cinerea developed more brown rot than grey mold. However, a significant linear relation (p < 0.05) between the amount of cuticular fracturing and fungal infections was obtained in 5 of 7 trials with B. cinerea and in 2 of 4 trials with M. laxa, indicating that fungal infections in sweet cherry fruits may be facilitated by cuticular fractures. Independent of cultivar and year, a significant linear relation was found between the category of cuticular fracturing and percentage of infected fruits after inoculation with both B. cinerea and M. laxa, and in control fruits (p = 0.0001, p = 0.0183, and p = 0.0182, respectively). This is the first report quantifying an increase in fungal infection with increasing amount of cuticular fracturing. The mean difference in fruit rot (%) ± std.dev. between fruits in fracturing categories 1 and 5, expressed as the linear contrast of amount of fruit rot in category 5 minus amount of fruit rot in category 1, was 37.2 ± 7.4 (p = 0.0001), 35.4 ± 11.0 (p = 0.0022), 17.0 ± 6.7 (p = 0.0135), and 29.8 ± 4.7 (p = 0.0001), after treatments with B. cinerea, M. laxa, water control, and for all data pooled, respectively
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Nina Elisabeth Nagy Vincent R. Franceschi Halvor Solheim Trygve Krekling Erik ChristiansenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
A rapid and sensitive method was developed to discriminate between Seiridium cardinale and Seiridium cupressi, the fungi causing severe cankers on common cypress in the Mediterranean area. The method amplified sequence variants in the ITS2 region of ribosomal DNA using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, to reveal single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) between the two species. The greatest separation pattern was obtained with a gel matrix containing 7-10% formamide and 3-5% glycerol under optimized running conditions, which were found to be 30-40 V at 4-5 degrees C for 4-8 h. Sequence homology among isolates within each of the two species caused no mobility shifts, with all isolates displaying the same migration pattern. A few base differences between S. cardinale and S. cupressi caused markedly different migration patterns, allowing differentiation of the two pathogens. Differences between these fungi at the genetic level are consistent with known data on morphological, physiological and pathogenic characteristics. SSCP analysis constitutes a rapid and easy-to-perform method by which to recognize and distinguish closely related organisms, and has considerable potential for use in diagnosis and taxonomy.
Forfattere
Isabella BørjaRedaktører
Bjørn ØklandSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Isabella BørjaRedaktører
Richard HorntvedtSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Three commercial Trichoderma products (Trichodex, Binab TF WP, and Rootshield) and the laboratory strain T. harzianum P1 were sprayed weekly onto greenhouse-grown strawberry plants during the flowering period in an attempt to reduce fruit disease caused by Botrytis cinerea and Mucor piriformis. None of the treatments affected the marketable yield of strawberries. Laboratory tests showed that at the mean temperature of the greenhouse (12°C), formulated conidia of the various Trichoderma strains required up to 96 h to germinate, and conidia of B. cinerea and M. piriformis isolated from greenhouse strawberries required 11 and 16 h, respectively. Furthermore, the commercially formulated conidia were much more subject to fungistasis under nutrient stress in vitro than were fresh conidia of the same strains. The nutrient sensitivity was not revealed when assaying germination on a standard nutrient-rich laboratory medium. Formulated conidia were also inferior to fresh conidia in capacity to clonize senescent strawberry leaves.