Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2005
Sammendrag
Rapporten presenterer sammendrag av resultatene for 2004 fra tre overvåkingsprogrammer: “Overvåking av langtransportert forurenset luft og nedbør”, “Overvåkingsprogram for skogskader` (OPS) og “Program for terrestrisk naturovervåking” (TOV).
Sammendrag
Intensive monitoring plots of the ICP Forests gathered an amount of data about the ground vegetation in forest ecosystems throughout Europe. Each Country, applying different field techniques, conform to common rules of procedure, under the suggestions of a dedicated Expert Panel which implemented a Unified Coded Flora and comparability targets. Data series are foreseen to contribute to: definition of the forest ecosystem state and changes evaluation; assessment of the specific plant diversity at the ecosystems level. The contribution to scientific knowledge and to Global and Pan-European biodiversity initiatives and networks (ICP-IM, MCPFE, CBD, Forest BIOTA, ALTER-net, etc.) are also underlined. In spite of site-related data, first results (more than 670 plots, with large differences in plant diversity) depict the linkages with temperature, precipitation, dominant tree species and actual soil acidity. Nitrogen deposition seems to have some significant influence, which claims to further studies. Plant data series from ICP Forest’s plot, can be used for on-site confirmation of models including biodiversity k-factors and environment relations.
Forfattere
Halvor SolheimSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
J. Jacobs Halvor Solheim Brenda D. Wingfield Michael J. WingfieldSammendrag
The genus Leptographium was described in 1927 and currently includes 48 species, with L. lundbergii as the type species. In recent years, the taxonomic status of L. lundbergii has not been uniformly agreed upon and it has been the topic of considerable debate. The problem was compounded by the absence of a type specimen, and the species was epitypified at a later stage. Unfortunately, the whereabouts of the epitype is now unknown. In 1983, Wingfield & Marasas described L. truncatum, which is morphologically similar to L. lundbergii. Based on DNA comparisons and similarities in their morphology, this fungus was reduced to synonymy with L. lundbergii. The loss of the type specimen as well as variation in the morphology of strains identified as L. lundbergii prompted us to re-examine the taxonomic status of this species. A number of strains from various geographic areas were studied. These include a strain of L. lundbergii deposited at CBS by Melin in 1929 (CBS 352.29) as well as the ex-type strain of L. truncatum. The strains were compared based on morphology and comparison of multiple gene sequences. Three genes or genic regions, ITS2 and part of the 28S gene, partial â-tubulin and partial elongation factor 1-α were compared. Strains currently identified as L. lundbergii, represented a complex of species. Strains initially described as L. truncatum clustered separately from other L. lundbergii strains, could be distinguished morphologically and should be treated as a distinct taxon. L. lundbergii is provided with a new and expanded description based on a neotype designated for it. A third group was also identified as separate from the main L. lundbergii clade and had a distinct Hyalorhinocladiella-type anamorph, described here as H. pinicola sp.nov.
Forfattere
Karin Jacobs Brenda D. Wingfield Halvor Solheim Michael J. WingfieldSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Ragnhild Nærstad Arne Hermansen Vinh Hong Le Jafar Razzaghian Andrew Dobson Eldrid Lein MoltebergSammendrag
I 2003 startet et femårig prosjekt som omfatter vekstavslutning i potet. Foreløpige resultater fra forsøkene med vekstavslutning i sorten Folva viser at risdreping 14 dager før høsting reduserer mengden infektive risrester og jord ved høsting og dermed antall knollinfeksjoner sammenlignet med høsting på grønt ris med eller uten behandling med Shirlan (fluazinam) 7 dager før høsting. Likevel reduserte behandlingen med Shirlan (fluazinam) mengden infektive sporer i jord ved høsting sammenlignet med ubehandlet grønt ris. Vekstavslutningsbehandlingene hadde ingen innvirkning på mengden svartskurv og sølvskurv på knollene, men det ble klart mer skade i ledd som var lysgrodd trolig fordi knollene i disse var med fysiologisk modne.
Sammendrag
Artikkelen omfatter beskrivelse av tørråtesitasjonen i 2004, varsling i VIPS i 2005, fungicider godkjent i 2005 og virkningstabell, fungicidresistens og middelvalg
Sammendrag
Tørråte i potet krever i de fleste potetdistrikter mange sprøytinger for å holdes under kontroll. I likhet med de siste årene kommer vi med en omtale av varsling og middelvalg i forbindelse med bekjempelsen av denne viktige skadegjøreren. Artikkelen er en oppdatering av tilsvarende artikkel fra i fjor.
Sammendrag
Kinakålhoder (Brassica rapa L. pekinensis (Lour.) Hanelt) ble smittet med Phytophthora brassicae De Cock and Man in`t Veld og lagret ved 1.5 ºC i følgende konsentrasjoner av CO2/O2: 0.5/20.5 (kontroll), 0.5/1.5 eller 3.0/3.0. I forsøk med sorten `Nerva", som ble lagret i 94-97 dager, ble infeksjoner forårsaket av P. brassicae signifikant høyere (P < 0.05) i kontrollert atmosfære (CA) sammelignet med kontrollen. In vitro vekst av P. brassicae på agar var imidlertid lavere (P < 0.001) i CA behandlingene enn i kontrollen. Kjølskade (bladribbenekrose), som ble funnet i sorten `Parkin", var mest fremtredende i kinakål i kontrollen. Lagring i 0.5 % CO2/1.5 % O2 førte til signifikant (P < 0.001) reduksjon av denne skaden, og lavest prosentandel bladribbeneksrose ble funnet ved 3.0 % CO2/ 3.0 % O2. Bladribbenekrose ble ikke fuunnet i sorten `Nerva".
Forfattere
Leontine Colon David E L Cooke Jens G Hansen Poul Lassen Didier Andrivon Arne Hermansen Ewa Zimnoch-Guzowska Alison LeesSammendrag
The pan-European Concerted Action on late blight `Eucablight" was set up and launched in 2003, with the aim of providing tools for investigating variation in both the host and the pathogen. Objectives include the construction of a database, (www.Eucablight.org) containing information on past and current potato cultivars and late blight populations available in the participating countries, and the design, testing and recommendation of protocols for testing host resistance and pathogen diversity. The database is structured, and made accessible, in such a way that many different target groups can use the data for their own purpose. Farmers will be able to find out about the characteristics of the pathogen and the best performing cultivars in their region. DSS advisers will be able to access the model parameters they need to build locally adapted forecasting systems and scientists will be able to employ the data to study host and pathogen interactions, and to place this in an historical perspective. Once the database is operational, maintenance and the entry of new data should take minimal effort. Submission of data is open to anybody who wants to contribute and who follows the standard protocols. We intend the database to generate enough interest to be kept up to date by members of the research community who will continue to submit their results. If this can be achieved, the database will be an important instrument for potato breeders, scientists, advisors and policy makers to follow the co-evolution of host and pathogen in Europe and inform the use of appropriate resistance genes and control measures.