Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2007
Sammendrag
Data from experiments in carrots with cavity spot and post harvest diseases and use of PCR-based detection were presented.
Forfattere
Ståle Størdal Gudbrand Lien J. Brian HardakerSammendrag
This paper presents empirical insight into part-time and full-time property owners’ perceptions of risk and risk management strategies. In addition, the relationships between forest owners with varying degree of off-property work and property and forest owner characteristics, risk perceptions, risk management strategies and harvesting behaviour are examined. The data originate from a questionnaire responded to by forest owners in eastern Norway which were merged with 9 years of logging data. Timber price variability and institutional risks were perceived as primary sources of risk. Use of advisers from the forest owners’ association, buying personal insurance and off-property work were perceived as the most important ways to handle risk. The results show that off-property work affects to a lesser degree what forest owners perceived as important risk sources, but that risk perceptions affect to a stronger degree the ways in which risk was dealt with. The chosen risk management strategies influenced the forest owner's harvesting behaviour to some extent, but more research on the issue is needed to clarify the relationship. There was a positive relationship between owners with off-property activities and their performance as timber suppliers. Several measures, such as improved rural education, revision of some of the arrangements that regulate property mergers and support measures for increased on-property diversification may increase annual timber harvesting and reduce variability in harvesting level.
Forfattere
Anders YriSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Karl ThunesSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Jens Chr. KøhlerSammendrag
Bioforsk Jord og miljø har utarbeidet en avløpsplan for "Perstølen hytteområde" i Etnedal kommune. Rapporten er todelt. Del 1 er selve søknaden om utslipp. Del 2 beskriver naturgrunnlaget spesielt med henblikk på uttak av grunnvann til drikkevann og utnyttelse av stedlige jordmasser som resipient og rensemedium for avløpsvann. I del 2 er det også gitt rammevilkår for vann og avløpsløsninger i området (rammeplan). Avløpsanleggene er beskrevet i vedlegg. Beskrivelsen er så detaljert at det kan gis til-latelse til utslipp iht. kravene i forurensningsloven, for hvert enkelt anlegg. Byggherrene må imidlertid selv søke om byggetillatelse og igangsettingstillatelse iht. plan- og bygningsloven. Hyttefeltet består av til sammen 21 eksisterende hytter og nye hyttetomter. Denne søknaden med tilhørende vann og avløpsplan omfatter 3 gamle tomter og 11 nye hyttetomter. Jordmassene består hovedsaklig av morene og myrjord. Morenejorda har noe begrensede egenskaper som rensemedium og resipient for avløpsvann. Jorda har ikke kapasitet til å ta imot avløpsvann i felles infiltrasjonsanlegg. Bioforsk Jord og miljø vil heller ikke anbefale andre typer fellesanlegg. Det er derfor utarbeidet en avløpsplan basert på separate avløpsrenseanlegg. Bioforsk Jord og miljø anbefaler at vannforsyningen baseres på felles borebrønner i fjell. Med de foreslåtte renseløsningene forventes det høy tilbakeholdelse av fosfor, organisk stoff og smittestoff, slik at lokale vannforekomster ikke får endret tilstand og god sikkerhet mot forurensning av drikkevannskilder.
Forfattere
Bjørn Molteberg Trygve S. AamlidSammendrag
Foredraget presenterte sortsguiden for svensk publikum. Se Bioforsk Fokus 2 (18).
Forfattere
Erik Dybing Hans Ragnard Gislerød Trond Hofsvang Leif Sundheim Anne Marte TronsmoSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Leif Sundheim May Bente Brurberg Trond Hofsvang Christer Magnusson Trond Rafoss Brita Toppe Anne Marte Tronsmo Bjørn ØklandSammendrag
This Pest Risk Assessment (PRA) of the fire blight bacterium Erwinia amylovora was initiated by a review or revision of a policy by the Norwegian Food Safety Authority. Fire blight was detected in Norway for the first time in 1986. The focus of infection was in and around the city of Stavanger in Rogaland county on the south west coast of the country. Mainly Cotoneaster bullatus and C. salicifolius were attacked. The disease was contained and finally eradicated from the area in 1992. However, in 2000 fire blight re-emerged, in the same county, on the island Karmøy, separated from the first outbreak by 25 km open sea. A new containment and eradication programme was started. Nevertheless the disease continued to spread to the north, mainly due to the movement of beehives contaminated with E. amylovora, from areas with diseased plants to areas free from fire blight with warm and humid weather conditions, favorable for the development of the disease. Fire blight has been detected in private gardens, around public buildings, in recreation grounds, along roads, and in rural areas in the coastal areas of the counties of Rogaland, Hordaland and Sogn og Fjordane. It has not been detected in nurseries, in fruit-growing areas, or in other parts of the country. The main hosts are still C. bullatus and C. salicifolius and some other Cotoneaster spp. Occasionally diseased Sorbus aria, Pyrachanta and apple and pear have been detected. Recently a very limited outbreak on C. bullatus and C. salicifolius was detected in the city of Kristiansand in Vest-Agder county. The endangered area, where presence of fire blight will result in economically important loss is the commercial fruit growing areas of Norway. If E. amylovora is introduced into the main fruit growing districts, it is expected that the damage and losses to commercial fruit production and nurseries will be minor, under the current phytosanitary regime in Norway. Relaxation of the regulations in force for fighting fire blight in Norway will increase the expected damage and losses to commercial fruit production and nurseries to a moderate level. Importation of fruit trees and fruit tree propagation material from countries where fire blight is established is not expected to increase the risk of fire blight in Norway significantly, given that appropriate phytosanitary requirements and quarantine are followed.
Sammendrag
Et feltforsøk med to grønnsaker (long beans (Vigna sesquipedalis) and leaf mustard (Brassica juncea)) ble utført for å studere effekten av å bruke IPM-prinsippene ved dyrking sammenlignet med konvensjonell dyrkingspraksis i 3 provinser i nord-Vietnam. Leaf mustard inneholdt flere pesticider og høyere restverdier enn long beans. Det ble dessuten påvist flere pesticider i prøvene som ikke var rapportert brukt av bøndene, både i prøver fra IPM-felt og de konvensjonelel feltene. Generelt ble det funnet lavere pesticidkonsentrasjoner i prøver fra IPM-felt enn fra de konvensjonelle feltene. Pesticidanalysene ble utført av Northern Pesticide Control Centre (NPCC) i Hanoi i samarbeid med Bioforsk.
Forfattere
Anne-Grete Buseth Blankenberg Ketil Haarstad Bent C. BraskerudSammendrag
Pesticide losses to the environment are unwanted due to possible environmental and health hazards. An experimental wetland is established to study the efficiency with respect to retention of sediments, nutrients and pesticides. Pesticides were applied on an arable soil plot in the watershed. Statistical analyses were carried out on three selected pesticides; propachlor, metalaxyl and chlorfenvinfoss. All pesticides were found in the experimental wetland, with peak concenttrations shortly after spraying. In 2003 pesticide retention varied from 11% to 42% and in 2004 retention varied from 19% to 56 %. Comparing eight different wetland filters, we found that L6 and L8, with flagstones and straw, respectively, had a higher total pesticide retention than a standard Norwegian wetland (L4). When the compounds were treated separately, however, the picture was different. Statistical analyses showed that the treatments were signficantly different from zero in six of the wetlands for remowal of propachlor, for removal of metalaxyl none were significantly different, and for removal of chlorfenvinphos four treatments were significantly different. For the three compounds none of the relative treatments were significantly different from L4. Chemical properties of the pesticides could explain some of the behaviour in the watershed and in the wetland.