Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2008
Forfattere
Tonje Økland Harald BratliSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Artikkelen beskriver resultatene av et flerårig forsøk med skjøtselsbeiting av kasjmirgeit i seterlandskapet på Golsfjellet, Buskerud fylke. Metodene var småruteanalyser og vegetasjonskartlegging. Skjøtselsregimer og effekter på vegetasjonen utgjør hoveddelen.
Forfattere
Rosario Mosello Tiziana Amoriello Sue Benham Nicholas Clarke John Derome Kirsti Derome Gerrit Genouw Arianna Orrù Gabriele A. Tartari Anne Thimonier Erwin Ulrich Antti-Jussi Lindroos Nils KönigSammendrag
A Working Group on Quality Assurance/Quality Control of analyses in laboratories active in the chemical analysis of atmospheric deposition and soil water has been created within the framework of the Integrated Co-operative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Forests (UN-ECE/ICP Forests) and the EU/Forest Focus Programme (Regulation 2152/2003). This paper is a follow up to an earlier paper dealing with the validation of chemical analyses, in which validation techniques (ion balance, comparison between measured and calculated conductivity, Na/Cl ratio and relationship between different forms of N) were tested on a set of real analysis data obtained from different laboratories. This paper focuses on the validation of chemical analysis of samples containing high dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations ( 5 mg C L-1), where the ion balance criterion fails because of the presence of weak organic acids. About 6000 chemical analyses of bulk open field, throughfall and stemflow samples, which contained complete sets of all ion concentrations, conductivity and DOC, produced in 8 different laboratories, were used to calculate empirical relationships between DOC and the difference between the sum of cations and the sum of anions, with the aim to evaluate a formal charge per mg of organic C...
Forfattere
Rastislav Solár Miroslav Mamo Janka Dibdiakova Ladislav Reinprecht Milo Pánek Jozef HudecSammendrag
A series of comparable specimens of hornbeam wood were submitted to pre-treatments by white-rot fungi and by alkali, or alkali followed by oxidation agents. The pre-treatments caused weight loss of wood and modified its physical properties and chemical composition.All pre-treatments reduced axial permeability of the test specimens in wet state (w FSP). The pre-treatments of the test specimens by diluted sodium hydroxide, or sodium hydroxide followed by hydrogen peroxide, however increased rate of diffusion in direction parallel to grain. The pre-treatments also made the kinetics of wood/water interactions in its initial phase much higher, especially when the white-rot fungi were used.The chemical pre-treatments of hornbeam wood caused its extreme final swelling, and on the other hand, a careful drying to initial moisture content resulted in its deep collapse. An increased rate of wood/water interactions, higher uptake of water and higher diffusion coefficients of wood pre-treated by alkali may play a positive role in the pulping processes.
Forfattere
Even BratbergSammendrag
Historien om poteter i Norge begynte sent, kanskje først for 250 års siden. Spanjolene tok med seg potetplanten fra Sør-Amerika allerede rundt 1550. Her i landet er de første skriftlige kildene fra 1757, selv om den nok var kjent og brukt en god stund før det.Plakat laget til Potetåret 2008.
Sammendrag
Life on earth depends on water and where running water occurs on earth, there is life. Nevertheless, existing modelling approaches in hydrology almost completely neglect the biological aspects of water flow. We claim that ignoring biological behaviour and interaction in catchment runoff modelling is too restrictive, and that computational theories can be used to formalise behaviour and interaction and model the biological impact on runoff. To demonstrate this, starting with a general classification of catchment behaviour, as documented in runoff data, we will use symbolic dynamics to quantify randomness and complexity in the time series. This approach shows that runoff records from very different catchments show common behaviour. This behaviour can be fitted to a one-parametric curve, stratified into three regions. In this manner, it becomes possible to represent and classify types of interactive behaviour that cannot be generated algorithmically. This suggests that physically based catchment models do not properly represent all types of interactive behaviour, and that signatures of biological interaction are present in runoff data.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Carl Gunnar Fossdal Ari M. Hietala Igor A. Yakovlev Halvor SolheimSammendrag
The root-rot causing fungus Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato is the most devastating pathogen of conifers in Europe. This pathogen enters Norway spruce through the roots and can colonize the tree from within, growing as a saprophyte when established within the dead heartwood and acting as a necrotroph when in contact with living host tissue. Despite the high incidence of damage, trees have defences against this pathogen in the bark and living wood. Furthermore, spruce has a defense against internal attack by forming a reaction zone, in this case the host defense is directed inwardly by the still living sapwood toward the central colonized heartwood. We have studied the host responses to infection in Norway spruce clones at the transcriptional level and found that the speed of recognition and that spatial defense signalling appears to be the hallmarks of trees with high degree of resistance...
Forfattere
Peder GjerdrumSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Per Magnus Jørgensen Hans Haavardsholm BlomSammendrag
Jens Holmboes spørreundersøkelser om utbredelsen av bergflette i Norge var en av de første botaniske spørreundersøkelser i Norge, og ble sendt ut høsten 1916, særlig til skolefolk. Holmboe oppfattet artene som individualister og ville imøtegå Blytts teorier om kollektive innvandringshistorier. Spørreskjemaet er svært detaljert,og det er lagt stor vekt på spørsmål for å kunne fastslå om arten er viltvoksende eller plantet på stedet. Holmboe konkluderte med at bergflette ikke har nådd hele sitt utbredelsesområde fordi den modner fruktene for sent om høsten, og at den er en sein innvandrer hos oss, noe pollenanalysen har vist ikke stemmer.