Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2009
Forfattere
Kristian HaugSammendrag
Bioforsk sin oppgave i prosjektet ”Stabil smak på potet” har vært blant annet: planlegge, anlegge, analysere og beregne de nedenfor nevnte forsøksfeltene som grunnlag for sensoriske analyser og andre analyser. Det er gjennomført to forsøksserier med feltforsøk i løpet av de siste tre vekstsesongene 2006-2008 hos de samme forsøksvertene.
Forfattere
Inger HansenSammendrag
Standarder utarbeidet av Norsk viltskadesenter ved Bioforsk Nord Tjøtta og godkjent av Direktoratet for naturforvaltning over de fire mest effektive forebyggende tiltakene mot rovviltskader på sau (rovviltsikkert gjerde, vokterhund, tidlig nedsanking, beredskapsareal) ble gjennomgått . Standardene inneholder en detaljert beskrivelse av de enkelte tiltak og en liste med minimumskrav som brukeren må følge dersom han/hun skal vær berettiget tilskudd.
Forfattere
Inger HansenSammendrag
Standarder utarbeidet av Norsk viltskadesenter ved Bioforsk Nord Tjøtta og godkjent av Direktoratet for naturforvaltning over de fire mest effektive forebyggende tiltakene mot rovviltskader på sau (rovviltsikkert gjerde, vokterhund, tidlig nedsanking, beredskapsareal) ble gjennomgått . Standardene inneholder en detaljert beskrivelse av de enkelte tiltak og en liste med minimumskrav som brukeren må følge dersom han/hun skal vær berettiget tilskudd.
Forfattere
Anne-Kristin Løes Benjamin NöltingSammendrag
The work in, and deliverables so far from the iPOPY project have demonstrated that each country has its own history and cultural background, explaining the huge differences in current school meal systems and use of organic products. Each country has its own path of development in this respect; however, it is beyond doubt that school meal systems will change with time everywhere due to the pressing health and environmental problems as well as changes in the education structure (longer school days). These changes provide the opportunity to introduce the ideas of organic food - expressed e. g. by the four basic principles of organic agriculture: health, ecology, fairness, and care from IFOAM - into public food procurement for children and youth. However, these ideas are not static and fix, they need to be evolved in and adapted to the specific and complex context of POPY. There is much to learn from the four countries both with respect to challenges and problems, and with respect to good ideas and creative solutions. By our transnational research and activities, iPOPY contributes to carry this knowledge across boundaries. We consider this work to be a small, but very meaningful contribution to point out public procurement strategies for sustainable nutrition which can foster a more sustainable world for all.
Forfattere
Anne-Kristin Løes Benjamin NöltingSammendrag
Why organic food for the youth?Rising obesity rates among European children cause concern. In spite of the excess access to food, malnutrition and diseases related to food intolerance are also common, and call for new food serving approaches in public as well as in private settings. Hence, schools are increasingly becoming a “food arena" for public engagement, recently demonstrated by the EU decision to implement a daily free fruit school program (European Commission 2008). The European Commission has allotted funding for a School Fruit Scheme which will begin in the 2009/2010 school year, jointly funded by the EU and by participating national governments. The program is aimed at improving the health of young people in Europe, hoping that increased fruit and vegetable consumption patterns will continue into theiradult lives. Although a number of countries rely on the family to provide pupils’ food during school hours, publicly organized meal systems and fruit provision strategies are growing in Europe; this is partly due to longer school days and to assist busy families, but also due to public nutrition and sustainability strategies. Public food serving is utilized to achieve healthier eating and more sustainable consumption patterns, as shown by the strategy to accompany the mentioned school fruit scheme with “awareness-raising and educational measures” (European Commission 2008).Another important option for sustainable school food is to serve organic products. Organic agriculture has less negative impacts on the environment, for example due to reduced loads of pesticides, and organic produce may have a higher quality (e.g. Brandt/ Mølgaard 2001). Hence, and due to the rapidly increasing consumers’ demand, European countries promote organic food and farming, e.g. with a European action plan (Commission of the European Communities, 2004). Organic school meal programs provide an opportunity to increase the quality of the school food and hence the health and well-being of the pupils, to increase organic consumption, and to inform pupils about sustainable food patterns. The introduction of organic food in catering often implies that more focus is set on healthy eating (Mikkelsen et al. 2006; O’Doherty Jensen et al. 2001) because organic food strategies are usually guided by a committed food and nutrition policy. Further, organic food strategies often include “less meat, more vegetables” as a result of premium prices which are normally much higher for organic meat than for vegetables and cereal products. Such adaptations are often nutritionally sound.However, public procurement for sustainable nutrition and the use of organic food is still an untappedpotential, as Morgan and Sonnino state (2008). Even though numerous committed activists strive for highquality, organic school food this field has only started to develop most of the European states. A coordinated and well informed effort is needed to overcome enduring restrictions. But it is worthwhile, and the chances for society are huge because the youth of today are the future family parents. When they get introduced to organic food and farming in public settings like school education, it is more likely that they will buy organic food when they grow up.
Forfattere
Trygve S. AamlidSammendrag
Statens Vegvesen har i løpet av det siste året revidert sin "Handbok 025, prosesskode 1" som blant annet gir forskrifter om bruk av frøblandinger som ved tilsåing av norske veiskråninger. Arbeidet har vært styrt av prinsippet om å bruke mest mulig stedegent frø og unngå spredning av fremmede arter. Dette rammer ikke bare den tidligere bruken av lupin på norske veiskråninger, men det kan også være betenkelig å bruke ettårig raigras eller utenlandsk stivsvingel.
Sammendrag
The soil is considered to be the major Carbon (C) sink in boreal forests, thus determination of soil carbon fluxes is essential for reliable C budgets. Especially partitioning of soil and root respiration is a major challenge. Soil respiration (Rs) consists of autotrophic respiration (Ra, respiration of plant roots and of microorganisms living on root-derived organic C in the rhizosphere) and heterotrophic respiration (Rh, respiration of free-living microorganisms during their decomposition of soil organic matter. In our study we attempted to estimate the contribution of roots to soil respiration by a girdling experiment. The study was established in two Norway spruce (Picea abies) stands, 35 and 65 year old, at Nordmoen, southeast Norway. Four quadratic plots (21m x 21m) were chosen within each of the two stands in spring 2006 and within two plots all trees were girdled. To estimate the contribution of root respiration, we measured CO2 efflux within each plot with a PP EGM-4 gas monitor for CO2, at permanently marked spots during two years (2006 and 2007). In the youngest stand in 2006, Rs in the control plots was higher than in the girdled plots at all measurement occasions. During this period, the mean Rs in the girdled plots was 64.9 % of the mean Rs in the control plots. In 2007, the Rs was highest in the girdled plots on most occasions, but the difference was never significant. In the oldest stand, Rs was also highest in the control plots in 2006 and highest in the girdled stand in most cases in 2007, but the difference was never significant. The implications will be discussed.
Forfattere
Trygve S. Aamlid Agnar KvalbeinSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Csilla FarkasSammendrag
The latest climate change scenarios, forecasting for the Tisza watershed valuable increase in the occurrence of extreme weather events as well as changes in land use policy increased the demand on knowledge towards sustainable flood plain and water reservoir management. The main objective of the present study was to develop an appropriate methodology that could be used for describing the soil water regime of the Bodrog Interfluve floodplain area at sub-regional scale and to derive the corresponding soil and hydrological database. This paper describes the fine-scale spatial soil database, constructed for characterizing the soil cover of the Hungarian territory of the Bodrog Region; the monitoring system, established in the study area and the mathematical modeling procedure carried out for better description of soil water regime and water balance elements. Further, performance and results of a scenario analyses are presented for evaluating the possible effects of two recently predicted climate change scenarios on soil water regime of a sensitive floodplain area. It was concluded, that based on the adaptation of a water balance simulation model and on the spatial soil physical database, the water regime of the dominant natural, semi-natural and agrarian ecosystems could be estimated. Compared to the present circumstances, the results of the scenarios analyses indicated more uneven and extreme surface and subsurface hydrological situations under changing climatic conditions.
Sammendrag
I vekstsesongen 2007 kom det inn fleire rapportar frå Oslo og omegn om poppel med visne blad og greiner. Mest alvorleg var kreftsår på greiner og stammar. Kreftsåra skuldast truleg bakterien Xanthomonas populi.