Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2009
Forfattere
Solveig Haukeland Suma Mwaitulo Anne Laudisoit May-Guri Saethre Amon Maerere Khuong NguyenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Environmental control of flowering and runnering in three contrasting Fragaria chiloensis populations with geographic origins in Alaska, Oregon, and Chile have been studied under controlled environment conditions. All populations were principal short-day (SD) plants at intermediate temperatures (15 degrees C or 21 degrees C), while at low temperature (9 degrees C) the 'Alaska' and 'Chile' populations were essentially day neutral. However, the populations had contrasting temperature responses for flowering in SD at both constant and fluctuating day/night temperatures. At a day temperature of 18 degrees C, flowering increased with increasing night temperature from 9 degrees C to 21 degrees C in the 'Alaska' population, while the opposite trend was observed in the 'Chile' population. The sparsely flowering 'Oregon' population flowered only in SD within a narrow range of temperatures (15-18 degrees C). Photoperiod (10, 16, or 20 h) had no effect on flower development at 18 degrees C. All populations were runnering freely, but with different temperature and photoperiod modifications. It is concluded that the SD X temperature interaction in the flowering behaviour of the June-bearing cultivated strawberry, F. X ananassa, is inherited to a large extent from F. chiloensis, whereas the species does not appear to have contributed to the long-day (LD) flowering control in everbearing cultivars.
Sammendrag
Pink snow mould brings a lot of injury on golf courses in cool and cold regions all over the world. There is unnecessary use of fungicides to date because the injury or even sporadic epidemics caused by the disease are difficult to predict. Improved knowledge about biology, ecology and genetics of Microdochium nivale furthers the development of alternative methods for IPM of pink snow mould.
Forfattere
Øystein Johnsen Igor A. Yakovlev Carl Gunnar FossdalSammendrag
Temperature during zygotic and somatic embryogenesis regulates an epigenetic memory in Picea abies. Conditions colder than normal advance the timing of bud burst and bud set, whilst temperatures above normal delay the onset of these processes. The long-lasting memory affects growth and hardiness in the field. We made a search of candidate genes and micro RNAs that could regulate the memory, using specialized library sequencing approaches. Two subtracted cDNA libraries, representing genes that are mainly expressed in plants from a cold (CE) or a warm (WE) embryogenesis, revealed considerable differences in the transcriptomes. Many contigs were unknown. We used qRT-PCR to demonstrate that five genes with no matching in the database were differentially expressed in close correlation with the memory-induced differences in bud set. Partial sequencing of two concatemerized small RNA libraries revealed 199 different small RNAs, with predominant length of 21-nt. We found 24 novel candidate miRNAs among them, and 4 described earlier. Most of the predicted miRNA targets were related to unknown and “no-hit” genes, 5 target different disease-related genes, and 4 contigs were homologous to described functional genes. Using qRT-PCR we confirmed that three selected genes regulated by miRNAs pab-miR100, 175 and 176, could to be involved in the memory regulation. Additionally, several novel miRNAs; pab-miR080, 105, 119, 122, 132, 144a,b and 157 were differentially expressed between epigenetically distinct plants. Our data illustrates that micro RNAs will guide us to candidate genes that are putative elements in the epigenetic machinery, regulating the long-lasting memory that affects adaptive traits in this species.
Forfattere
Knut Anders Hovstad Silje Borvik Mikael OhlsonSammendrag
Questions: Is the red fox a potential vector for epizoochorous seed dispersal? Can seed attachment and retention be predicted from plant and seed traits? Location: Grasslands in southern Norway. Methods: Epizoochorous seed attachment on the red fox was studied by walking a dummy fox through the vegetation and comparing seeds found on the dummy with the estimated seed availability in the vegetation. Seed retention, i.e. the ability of different seeds to stay on the fox, was estimated in a separate experiment. Seed attachment and retention were related to plant and seed traits using statistical models that account for heteroscedasticity and zero-inflated data. Results: The majority of seeds attached to the fox originated from a few species, but also species without specific seed traits that are supposed to enhance epizoochory attached at least some seeds to the fox. The probability of seed attachment was positively related to plant height, bristle and hooked seed appendages, and negatively related to winged appendages, seed mass, and seed sphericity. Seed retention was positively related to theseed traits bristles, hooks and pappus. For several species, the results indicate a high potential for dispersal over long distances. Conclusions: In modern agricultural landscapes, large herbivores are often restricted in their mobility or are found at low densities, and other animal vectors may therefore be important for seed dispersal. In our study, a range of plant species were able to disperse by attaching seeds to, and having their seeds retained in, the fox fur some distance. We suggest that the red fox may be an important vector for epizoochorous seed dispersal in the agricultural landscape.
Forfattere
Knut Anders Hovstad Silje Borvik Mikael OhlsonSammendrag
In modern agricultural landscapes, large herbivores are often restricted in their mobility or are found at low densities, and other animal vectors may therefore be important for seed dispersal. In our study, a range of plant species were able to disperse by attaching seeds to, and having their seeds retained in, the fox fur some distance. We suggest that the red fox may be an important vector for epizoochorous seed dispersal in the agricultural landscape.
Forfattere
T. Haukås Eivind VangdalSammendrag
Innhaldet av norske eple i eplekonsentrat til den norske industrien er redusert frå 50 % i 1994 til under 10 % i 2007. Samstundes har etterspurnaden etter eple til ferskpressa jus for høgprissegmentet auka. Produsenten må ha knapt 5 kr pr kg for eple til industri dersom det vert satsa på større maskinhausta felt. Skal det haustast for hand, må produsentprisen over 6 kr pr kg for å gje tilfredsstillande lønsemd. Dersom ein legg dette til grunn for pris til konsentratproduksjon, vil konsentratet kosta over 50 kr pr kg til industrien. Produksjon av eple til ferskpressa jus vil det vera aktuelt å satsa på.
Sammendrag
Foredraget gir en oversikt over metoder som er prøvd ut for å rense julestjernestiklinger for bomullsmellus (Bemisia tabaci)
Forfattere
Kristian HaugSammendrag
Fokuset rundt fosforgjødslingsnormer har vært økende de siste årene. Våre forsøk de tre siste vekst– sesongene bør gi oss svar på om fosfornormene til poteter kan reduseres.