Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2025
Forfattere
Katri Kärkkäinen Sonja T. Kujala Rosario Garcia-Gil Arne Steffenrem Johan Sonesson Liina Hoikkala Harri Mäkinen Sauli ValkonenSammendrag
• Genetic effects of continuous cover forestry (CCF) are not well known. We need more research, especially on the genetics of spruce-dominated CCF sites. Levels of relatedness are of interest, as are estimates of safe limits for the intensity and duration of CCF practices that secure genetic potential for good growth and quality. • With even-aged forestry, genetically improved regeneration material can be used to mitigate climate change-related risks through breeding and deployment recommendations. In CCF, currently based on natural regeneration, we assume that enough seedlings establish, and that sites contain enough genetic variation to enable natural selection and evolutionary processes. • Based on research in other regions, the number of reproducing trees must be kept large to avoid excessive levels of relatedness and inbreeding and to maintain sufficient levels of genetic diversity. • In some well-documented long-term experiments in other regions, intensive high-grading has led to slower growth rates, which could partly be due to genetic degradation of the stand. If contemporary recommendations for selection cutting are followed, negative genetic effects should be unlikely.
Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Forfattere
G. Brundu S. Follak J. Pergl D. Chapman E. Branquart S. Buholzer Inger Sundheim Fløistad G. Fried M. Herbst E. Marchante Valkenburg van Valkenburg R. TannerSammendrag
Bamboos are popular ornamental plants in the EPPO region though some of themhave been observed to escape the confines of planting and establish in the naturalenvironment. The aim of this study is to produce a risk-based list of bamboospecies which are recorded in the natural environment in the EPPO region, and todetermine if any of the species require a pest risk analysis. Forty-two bamboo specieswere identified as being present in the natural environment in the EPPO region. Ofthese, 11 species fulfil the three pre-selected criteria for species to be consideredpotentially harmful: (1) the species is naturalized in at least one EPPO country; (2)the species has a running dispersal behaviour (leptomorph); and (3) there is evidenceof invasive behaviour in at least one country. These 11 species were prioritized usingthe EPPO prioritization process for invasive alien plants. Owing to their high spreadpotential and potential high impact, three species, namely Phyllostachys aurea,Pseudosasa japonica and Sasa palmata, proceeded to the second stage of theprioritization process (risk management stage). All three species were identified ashaving a high priority for a pest risk analysis. In 2024, the EPPO Panel on InvasiveAlien Plants agreed with the results of the study but noted that further informationon impacts would be beneficial and therefore the Panel agreed that Ph. aurea andS. palmata should be added to the EPPO Alert List along with the already includedP. japonica. This will raise awareness of these species in the region and furtherinformation can be gathered to support the development of a risk assessment
Forfattere
David Chludil Jaroslav Čepl Arne Steffenrem Jan Stejskal Christi Sagariya Torsten Pook Silvio Schueler Jiří Korecký Curt Almqvist Debojyoti Chakraborty Mats Berlin Milan LstibůrekSammendrag
Climate change poses an unprecedented threat to forest ecosystems, necessitating innovative adaptation strategies. Traditional assisted migration approaches, while promising, face challenges related to environmental constraints, forestry practices, phytosanitary risks, economic barriers, and legal constraints. This has sparked debate within the scientific community, with some advocating for the broader implementation of assisted migration despite these limitations, while others emphasize the importance of local adaptation, which may not keep pace with the rapid rate of climate change. This opinion paper proposes a novel pollen-based assisted migration strategy as a potential middle ground in this debate. By leveraging existing seed orchard infrastructure for controlled pollen transfer, this approach aims to enhance forest resilience through the introduction of genetic material from climatically suitable sources while acknowledging local adaptation. We assess the genetic implications of the proposed strategy through computer simulation. Additionally, we examine the ecological implications of assisted gene flow, discussing the potential benefits of heterosis and the risks of outbreeding depression in intra-specific hybrid populations. We further explore the advantages of pollen-based migration in mitigating phytosanitary risks, reducing economic barriers, and simplifying legal considerations compared to traditional seed or seedling transfer methods. Regional perspectives on adapting pollen-based assisted migration are provided, with specific examples from Northern and Central Europe. We highlight how this approach could be integrated into existing forestry practices and regulatory frameworks within the European Union. We conclude by advocating for the inclusion of pollen-based assisted migration in future international projects and operational forestry, emphasizing the need for adaptable policies that can support innovative forest management strategies in the face of climate change.
Forfattere
Paul Eric Aspholm David Kniha Amelie Bringemeier Philipp Michel Monica Fongen Hans Nyeggen Jarle W. BjerkeSammendrag
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Forfattere
Tore SkrøppaSammendrag
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Forfattere
Tore SkrøppaSammendrag
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Sammendrag
This study presents information about the variability between and within populations of Norway spruce in lammas shoot formation. Assessments of lammas shoots were conducted in two short-term trials involving full sib families of Norway spruce from two complete diallel crosses, each originating from a natural population. These assessments were made over two growing seasons when the trees were six and seven years from seed, during which early summer temperatures varied significantly. The trees were grown on former agricultural land with large variation in soil fertility across the field. The proportion of trees with lammas shoots varied among blocks, ranging from 1 to 14 %, with the highest values in the blocks with the most fertile soil conditions. A substantial variation was also found among families from each population regarding the percentage of trees with lammas shoots, varying among half-sib families from 2 to 20 % and 1 to 19 % in the two populations, respectively. The largest part of this genetic variation was additive, with high values for the general combining ability (GCA) variance components and low values of the specific combining ability (SCA), maternal and reciprocal components. Estimates of narrow sense heritability were 0.40 for transformed lammas shoot scores in both diallels. Generally, families with an early start and early cessation of shoot elongation had the highest frequency of lammas shoots. In one of the diallels, families with a high lammas shoot percentage also had the highest number of ramicorn branches in a field trial at age 12 and 26 years from seed.