Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2005
Forfattere
Jens G Hansen Bent Nielsen Lars Bødker Björn Andersson Jonathan Yuen Lars Wiik Arne Hermansen Ragnhild Nærstad Vinh Hong Le May Bente Brurberg Asko Hannukkala Ari LehtinenSammendrag
Epidemiologiske studier av tørråtesoppen blir presentert
Sammendrag
Data om tørråtepopulasjonen i 2003 fra de nordiske land blir presentert
Forfattere
Leontine Colon David E L Cooke Jens G Hansen Poul Lassen Didier Andrivon Arne Hermansen Ewa Zimnoch-Guzowska Alison LeesSammendrag
The pan-European Concerted Action on late blight `Eucablight" was set up and launched in 2003, with the aim of providing tools for investigating variation in both the host and the pathogen. Objectives include the construction of a database, (www.Eucablight.org) containing information on past and current potato cultivars and late blight populations available in the participating countries, and the design, testing and recommendation of protocols for testing host resistance and pathogen diversity. The database is structured, and made accessible, in such a way that many different target groups can use the data for their own purpose. Farmers will be able to find out about the characteristics of the pathogen and the best performing cultivars in their region. DSS advisers will be able to access the model parameters they need to build locally adapted forecasting systems and scientists will be able to employ the data to study host and pathogen interactions, and to place this in an historical perspective. Once the database is operational, maintenance and the entry of new data should take minimal effort. Submission of data is open to anybody who wants to contribute and who follows the standard protocols. We intend the database to generate enough interest to be kept up to date by members of the research community who will continue to submit their results. If this can be achieved, the database will be an important instrument for potato breeders, scientists, advisors and policy makers to follow the co-evolution of host and pathogen in Europe and inform the use of appropriate resistance genes and control measures.
Sammendrag
Plant production in northern countries is hampered by a short growing season. In Norway, waterpower provides relatively cheap and renewable energy that can be used for artificial lighting. Light is often the limiting factor for plant growth and productivity in greenhouses, and the use of artificial radiation became already early last century an important subject for investigation in Norway. Development of different lamp types gave rise to investigations of light quality on plant performance. Artificial irradiation was primarily confined to plant propagation. Large-scale irradiation of entire crops started in Norway in 1989 and has given rise to a marked increase in winter production of flowers and vegetables. The Norwegian Crop Research Institute performs applied research in all chains of plant production. Research on greenhouse production is coordinated from Særheim Research Centre. Særheim is located in the southwest of Norway where 80% of tomatoes and 50% of the Norwegian cucumbers are produced. Research on the use of artificial light for cucumber production started here in 1990. After that, production systems for lettuce, herbs, strawberry, tomato and sweet pepper were developed. Growers that nowadays use our system for year-round production of cucumbers have increased their yield from 40 to 160 kg/m2. In 2004, we were the first to reach an annual yield of 100 kg/m2 in tomato. In our applied research, consumer and wholesaler demands define the quality aspects of food to be produced. Consumers increasingly demand save and healthy food of high quality. At Særheim Research Centre, effects of environmental conditions (light, temperature, CO2, air humidity, nutrients, growth media) and cultural practices (training, irrigation, harvesting) on size, colour, shelf life, taste and biochemical compounds are being quantified. It could be shown how light intensity and light quality effects the contents of chlorophyll, anthocyanins, ascorbic acid and nitrate in lettuce, shelf life and taste in herbs, taste and antioxidant activity in strawberry, titratable acidity and the contents of phenolics, ascorbic acid, lycopene and soluble solids in tomato. Results will be presented at the workshop. The favourable ratio between light and temperature in our region offers an opportunity to produce high quality products year-round. Norway is known as a healthy country, with little problems with pests and diseases, with an availability of renewable energy, organic growth media and organic fertiliser and with a high water quality. This gives rise to a development of organic production. Research on organic production of greenhouse vegetables started at Særheim in 2003. By now, a rational growing system for organic production of tomato is developed and a system for cucumber production is on trial. Preliminary trials show differences in the content of phenolic compounds, ascorbic acids and antioxidant activity in fruits and plants grown on organic growth media when compared to rockwool. Results will be presented at the workshop.
Forfattere
Michel VerheulSammendrag
In order to increase the production of organic vegetables in Norway, a project was started to facilitate the transistion from conventional to organic greenhouse production. A growing system based on ecological production principles was tested at Bioforsk Vest Særheim. Results showed that a growing system with limited beds, using 75 l/m2 of an organic growth substrate and 24 l/m2 locally available cattle slurry as additional fertilizer, resulted in a yield comparable to traditional greenhouse tomato production. Fertilizing three times a week with 0,5 l/m2 cattle slurry in combination with sprinkler irrigation controlled by light integration showed to be equally effective as fertilizing using standard mineral nutrition. Results give rise to an economical production of organic greenhouse tomatoes.
Forfattere
Stein Turtumøygard Nina Syversen Bent BraskerudSammendrag
Erosjonsmodellen GIS avrenning beregner flateerosjon fra landbruksarealer ved å kombinere data om erosjonsrisiko med data om jordarbeiding og driftspraksis. I løpet av 2003-2005 er modellen videreutviklet til også å beregne retensjon i fangdammer og vegetasjonssoner og koble dette opp mot totale effektberegninger for disse tiltakene. Denne rapporten beskriver det teoretiske grunnlaget for å beregne retensjonen av suspendert stoff og fosfor i fangdammer og vegetasjonssoner i GIS avrenning.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Liv Synnøve Sognnes Gustav Fystro Samson Øpstad Arve Arstein Trond BørresenSammendrag
Myrjord har svak struktur, høgt vassinnhold, dårleg luftutveksling og dårlege termiske egegskapar og er ikkje optimal til landbruksformål. Tilførsel av skjellsand og morene jord har betra myrjorda sine egenskaper og resultert i betre gras avlingar.
Forfattere
Liv Guri Velle Torstein Garmo Samson ØpstadSammendrag
In this study heather of different ages varied only slightly for in vitro DM digestibility (1-2.5 %-units) and in situ degradability (1-3.5 %-units), which was highest for the youngest heather stands. Plant samples revealed the highest digestibility and degradability values in summer (June) and lowest values in winter (March). Grass values were always higher than heather (4-20 %-units), except in winter. Differences in grass values varied significantly between the winter and summer samples (25-30 %-units). Heather differences, however, remained relatively constant (10 %-units). Heather contained a high proportion of estimated indigestible DM; 47 and 55 % for summer and winter samples, respectively. Crude protein content of heather varied only slightly between sampling times, and was almost half the CP content of grass.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag