Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2009
Sammendrag
In 1998 Plum pox virus (PPV) was detected for the first time in Norway. Virus symptoms were observed on several trees in a collection of plum cultivars at Njøs Research Station in the Sogn og Fjordane County in West Norway. The Norwegian Food Safety Authority and the Norwegian Crop Research Institute immediately started surveying other variety collections around the country, nuclear stock material and orchards in all important plum-growing areas. Since 1998 we have surveyed the main part of the commercial plum orchards in Norway. About 75 000 individual trees have been tested. About 1 % of the trees have been found infected by PPV. Only the PPV-D strain has been found. It is suspected that the main infection source was infected plums or apricots imported to Njøs around 1970 or earlier.In most plum orchards in Norway, the spread of PPV by aphids is relatively slow. Therefore, we expect to be able to eradicate PPV from commercial plum orchards in the near future.The eradication work is continuing.
Forfattere
Adam ParuchSammendrag
Laboratory scale experiment on survival of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in samples of filter media used in constructed wetlands (CWs) treating domestic wastewater was performed. Concentration of E. coli was examined in 42 samples collected from a wetland filter/bed. All samples positive for E. coli contamination were used to assess the effect of storage time at different temperature regimes on the survival of E. coli. Storage time was set up as an unlimited factor, while temperature conditions were limited by three regimes, 4, 10 and 22 degrees. It was found that E. coli had higher persistence in samples collected from the upper, subsurface level comparing to samples taken from deeper levels (35 - 50 cm and 65 - 80 cm). Survival of E. coli in filter media collected below the depth of 35 cm from the surface level of CWs was counted up to 21 days. It was observed, however, that E. coli could survive for 14 months in samples of filter media collected right below the organic layer (5 cm). Concentration of E. coli in these samples, stored at 10 degrees, increased radically during the first 6 months and then rapidly decreased during next 1,5 month of storage. Thereafter, a slow decrease of E. coli numbers was registered up to the level that no E. coli was detected. The highest survival rate was observed in samples stored at 10 degrees, but the longest period of survival was noticed in samples stored at 4 degrees.
Forfattere
Adam ParuchSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
The most important and widespread disease on golf courses is Microdochium nivale. It is a psycrotrophic fungal plant pathogen that is the main cause of biotic winter injury in grasses in the temperate and sub-arctic climates, both with and without snow cover. It is an opportunistic pathogen, with the ability to attack plants under a wide range of environmental conditions. A large variation in both host preference and aggressiveness among isolates has been documented. It is speculated that these traits as well as competition between isolates may be dependent on temperature. The fungus is spread by infected seeds and from infected plants or debris. Besides seed transmitted inoculum, it is not clear whether the primary inoculum source is wind dispersed ascospores or soilborne/plant debris borne inoculum. Wind borne ascospores has been claimed to be the main inoculum source, but perithecia are hardly observed on grasses on Norway. The aim of the present project was obtain better understanding of what is the source of primary inoculum for snow mould caused by M. nivale; to understand how inoculum of M. nivale survives from spring to fall, and from year to year, to understand how climatic conditions affects the potential inoculum by monitoring symptoms on plants, occurrence of the fungus and growth characteristics in vitro of strains sampled from snow melt and through summer and autumn. To obtain such knowledge, surveys and sampling on selected golf courses was conducted. Snow mould symptoms and the occurrence of M. nivale in leaves and stems of grasses sampled from golf greens and foregreens was reduced during the growth season. We also found that M. nivale could be isolated from locations without visible symptoms. Despite a lower isolation rate in autumn, M. nivale was again isolated in some of the originally locations, the following spring. The M. nivale isolation rate was similar from sites located on greens compared to foregreens, and from greens located at more sunny sites compared to more shadowy located greens. We conclude that this fungus seem to survive from year to year within the same locations on greens and foregreens.
Sammendrag
Røde nåle på nordmannsgran (CSNN) har længe været betragtet som en klimabetinget skade. Norske undersøgelser har vist, at den primære årsag til skaden er svampen Sydowia polyspora, men symptomerne udløses kun under visse betingelser.
Forfattere
Torstein KvammeSammendrag
Etter to år med maurtuekonkurranse i Sverige har svenskene to tuer som er høyere enn de norske.
Forfattere
John Ingar Øverland Lars Tørres Havstad Trygve S. AamlidSammendrag
l dagene 11. og 12. juni 2009 dro 28 norske frøavlere, konsulenter og forskere på fagtur til Mellom-Sverige. I artikkelen (se vedlegg) blir drifta til Richard Johansson, som holder til i Mellerud like øst for Väneren, beskrevet nærmere. Med et frøavlsareal av Grindstad timotei på nær 1000 daa er Richard Sveriges største timoteifrøavler, og i tillegg har han både engsvingel og raisvingel. All frøavl er økologisk.
Forfattere
Bjørn Jacobsen Lone Ross GobakkenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Bernt Olav Hoel Hans Jostein TandsætherSammendrag
Resultatene fra feltforsøk i høsthvete i perioden 2004-2006 viser betydelig avlingsnedgang og klart svakere proteinkvalitet dersom en ikke gjødsler med svovel (S) på sandjord og på felt i Trøndelag. Det var imidlertid ikke ytterligere respons på avling eller proteinkvalitet ved å øke S-gjødslinga ut over 1,2 kg S/daa. Når det gjelder felt på leirjord på Østlandet var det ikke avlingsutslag for S-gjødsling.
Forfattere
Bernt Hoel Hans TandsætherSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag