Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2011
Forfattere
Benedikte W. Oliver Inger Sundheim Fløistad Lars Olav BrandsæterSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Lars Tørres HavstadSammendrag
I artikkelen blir det sett nærmere på hvilke gjødseltyper og mengder som er aktuelle for de ulike grasartene som frøavles i Norge
Forfattere
Halvor Solheim Martti VuorinenSammendrag
Klimaendringer og økt handel og transport landa imellom utgjør den største trusselen for introduksjoner av nye skadegjørere. Mycosphaerella pini er en av soppene som de senere åra har spredt seg til nye områder og som i økende grad fører til skog skader rundt omkring i verden. Soppen forårsaker sjukdommen som på engelsk blir kalt "Red band needle blight" så rødbandsjuke er et naturlig navn på norsk. Angrep fører til tidlig nålefall og redusert tilvekst. Ved sterke angrep kan trea dø. Soppen er nå funnet i Norge; i Troms og i to fylker i Sør-Norge. Alle funna er gjort i ungskog.
Forfattere
Halvor Solheim Martti VuorinenSammendrag
Rødbandsjuke på furu er nå funnet i Norge. Sjukdommen, som på engelsk kalles “red band needle blight” eller “Dothistroma needle blight”, er forårsaket av en sopp som står på Mattilsynets liste over sjukdommer det er forbudt å innføre til Norge. Den ble først funnet i Troms, men soppen er også funnet i to fylker i Sør-Norge. Foreløpig er den bare funnet på trær i skog, men mange innførte furuarter er utsatt for smitte.
Forfattere
Md Hafizur Rahman Trine Lund Ian BrycesonSammendrag
Since shrimp farming started in Bangladesh in the 1970s, it has spread throughout the coastal region, increasing soil and water salinity levels. The water salinity in 2005 in the coastal districts of Khulna, Bagherat and Satkhira ranged from 0.3 to 20.7, 0.4 to 27.1 and 0.7 to 24.8 dS m(-1), respectively, whereby it was highly saline for several months of the year. Water salinity above 2.5 dS m(-1) is not suitable for irrigation, and may cause animal health problems. Irrigation with saline water may cause ion toxicity and osmotic stress, reducing plant growth and yield. Salinity has reduced the agro-biodiversity in the coastal regions of Bangladesh, and this paper investigates how these changes have impacted human food habits in the three coastal, rural villages Putia (Satkhira district), Srifaltala (Bagerhat district) and Hogolbunia (Khulna district). Fieldwork was conducted from July to December 2006 and Participatory Rural Appraisal methods including transect walks, key informant interviews, group discussions and personal interviews were carried out. In total, 121 respondents were interviewed and historical data from 1975 to 2006 were collected. For historical data, respondents aged above 50 years were sampled, but additional criteria such as socio-economic condition and farm location were applied to assure a sample representative for the population of the coastal areas. The sampled households had characteristics similar to the major part of Bangladeshi households (rural, agrarian based, regarding family size and food habits), and were thus representative of a broader cross-section of households in Bangladesh. As all sampled villages faced increasing salinity and spread of shrimp farming, they were representative of villages in the coastal areas. When salinity increased, the production of vegetables, seasonal fruits, animal species, eggs and milk declined. As the price of the mentioned animal commodities rose, cheaper commodities such as broilers, exotic and marine fish species and exotic oils were introduced. The decision on what to cultivate was also influenced by non-residents converting the farmers' land into shrimp ponds, increasing the salinity in the surroundings and killing the farmers' ducks. These agro-biodiversity changes caused reduced frequency of consumption of beef, goat, native chicken, egg, local freshwater fish, seasonal fruits, vegetables and milk, while broilers, exotic fish, exotic oils and marine fish species were increasingly consumed. Still, the total fish consumption declined. These changed food habits may lead to considerable negative health consequences for the rural, coastal populations.
Forfattere
Md Hafizur Rahman Trine Lund Ian BrycesonSammendrag
Salinity increase has been one of the major problems for traditional agricultural practices in coastal Bangladesh for several decades, but very few studies have been conducted on effects of salinity on agrobiodiversity in this area. This study investigated the salinity effects on agro-biodiversity in rice (Oryza sativa L.), vegetables, and fruit trees in three coastal, rural villages; Putia (Satkhira district), Srifaltala (Bagerhat district) and Hogolbunia (Khulna district). Information was collected by participatory rural appraisal methods including transect walks, group discussions, key informant interviews, and 121 personal interviews from July to December 2006. The study revealed that increased salinity had significant negative impacts on the overall agro-biodiversity. From 1975 to 2006 the number of indigenous rice varieties declined from seventeen to zero in Putia, from twelve to nine in Hogolbunia and from fifteen to two in Srifaltala. The encroachment of shrimp ponds near the homestead, and cultivation of high yielding, salt-tolerant rice varieties contributed to the decline of indigenous rice varieties. The occurrence of vegetable and fruit tree species declined from 1975 to 1990. The farmers appeared generally unaware of the importance of conservation of seeds and local landraces. This paper highlights factors directly and indirectly influencing farmers’ agricultural practices, and contributes to the discussion as to how environmental changes influence agro-biodiversity conservation and food production. The large reduction in agro-biodiversity, largely induced by increasing salinity, is alarming and threatens the Bangladeshi farmers’ ability to continue crop cultivation and thus their livelihood.
Forfattere
Frank Asche Kristin Helen Roll Ragnar TveteråsSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Ove BergersenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Theo RuissenSammendrag
Debattinnlegg forskningsmetodikk-forskningsetikk