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Publikasjoner

NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.

2011

Sammendrag

A successful push-pull strategy needs to include means to kill pest insects in order to control and reduce the pest population. The use of Chinese cabbage as a trap crop where insect pathogenic fungi may proliferate has been tested in a series of push-pull strategy experiments both in the laboratory, in semi-field and field. In this work, the aim is to develop a push-pull-kill strategy in which the transmission of the entomopathogenic fungi Entomophthora muscae is facilitated with the aim to reduce the population of cabbage- and turnip root flies (Delia radicum and Delia floralis). In the lab experiment, Chinese cabbage proved to be more attractive compared to Broccoli and Broccoli undersown with red clover, for oviposition of both healthy and E. muscae infected D. floralis females. Infected flies also died and sporulated on or near the Chinese cabbage. This pattern was also evident in a preliminary field study in which sporulating Delia spp. cadavers were found on Chinese cabbage only. These results indicate that Chinese cabbage may be used as a trap crop for D. floralis oviposition, but it may also be a sink where healthy flies become infected through contact with sporulating cadavers. This summer, we tested the strategy in larger scale and under more natural conditions in a semi-field study. Healthy D. floralis were released in cages with Broccoli and Chinese cabbage plants, with or without the presence of E. muscae infected D. radicum. Our hypothesis were that 1) D. floralis released in cages with infected flies will be infected, and die and sporulate on or near the Chinese cabbage, 2) Fewer eggs will be laid by D. floralis in cages with infection compared to control cages, 3) More D. floralis eggs will be laid on Chinese cabbage compared to Broccoli. The results from the semi field study strenghtens our previous results which showed that using Chinese cabbage as a trap crop is a promising strategy for the management of D. floralis and D. radicum, both as an oviposition attractant and as a source for fungal transmission between flies.

Sammendrag

Middelprøving mot skadedyr i oljevekster, grønnsaker på friland, frukt og bær, skogplanteskole, prydplanter på friland og grønnsaker i veksthus i 2010. I tillegg er restforsøkene i 2010 oppsummert, og det gitt en oversikt over over forsøk som ikke er utført/fullført, samt problemer/utfordringer og løsninger/forbedringer.

Sammendrag

Godkjenningsprøving, utviklingsprøving Handlingsplanforsøk Undersøkelser og tidsfrister Prioritering av middelprøvinger Middelprøvinger utført i veksthus i 2010 Middelprøvinger planlagt/utført i veksthus i 2011 Utfordringer Fremtidsutsikter

Sammendrag

Pesticides in Norwegian streams and rivers have been monitored since 1995 through JOVA - the Norwegian Agricultural Environmental Monitoring Program. During these years the regulatory authorities have implemented measures to minimize the risk for pesticides entering the water bodies. Streams and rivers in selected agricultural drainage basins in intensively cropped areas have been sampled (volume proportional mixed samples and/or point samples) through the period withoutsoil frost and analysed for pesticide residues. Trend analyses of the monitoring data have been done to establish whether there have been reductions in the retrieval of pesticides. The indicators used include: (1) Frequency of pesticides detection, (2) Sum concentration of all individual pesticides in each sample, (3) Environmental risk by weighing the concentration of each pesticide against the environmental maximum residue limits (MRL). Monitoring results and trend analyses for the time period 1995-2010 will be presented at the conference. Preliminary interpretations of the results indicate that developments in streams and rivers show both positive and negative trends regarding the different parameters studied. Through the monitoring period there have been shifts in the trends in some of the drainage basins, from an initial positive trend to a slightly negative trend. None of the study areas do however show an increase in pesticide loads to rivers and streams, which is good considering the increase in number of pesticides analysed for and the reduction in detection levels. In total, the monitoring results indicate reduced pesticide loads, but variations in climatic conditions govern the use and retrieval of pesticides.

Sammendrag

Pro­sjek­teter fi­nan­si­ert av Nor­ges forsk­nings­råd for pe­ri­oden 2006-2011 og har sommål å bi­stå nor­ske kom­mu­ner i ar­bei­det med å til­pas­se seg eks­trem­værpå kort og lang sikt. Pro­sjek­tet had­de som ho­ved­mål å gjø­re nye forsk­nings­funnsom kan være til hjelp for kom­mu­ner som er ut­satt for eks­trem­vær og ef­fek­terav kli­ma­end­rin­ger. Tre sek­to­rer har hatt spe­si­elt fo­kus: drik­ke­vann,kul­tur­arv og na­tur­mil­jø.   Ef­fek­te­neav kli­ma­end­rin­ger for nor­ske kom­mu­ner er be­skre­vet i rap­por­ten. Dess­utenin­ne­hol­der rap­por­ten et ka­pit­tel om hvor­dan kom­mu­ni­se­re kli­ma­end­rin­gertil kom­mu­ne­ne. Så føl­ger en opp­sum­me­ring av forsk­nings­re­sul­ta­te­nefor de tre ho­ved­sek­to­re­ne. Te­ma­ene in­klu­de­rer av­ren­ning fra jord­bruk,vann­be­hand­lings­an­legg, for­uren­sing som på­vir­ker byg­nings­fa­sa­der,kli­ma­end­rin­ge­nes på­virk­ning på kul­tur­ar­ven og be­slut­nings­ta­king ifor­hold til den­ne og bio­di­ver­si­tet på flom­slet­ter. Et­ter det­te føl­geren dis­ku­sjon om kunn­skap i kom­mu­ne­ne og mu­lig­he­ter for in­te­gre­ringav ny kunn­skap i kom­mu­nal be­slut­nings­ta­king. Til slutt føl­ger et for­slagfor fram­ti­dig forsk­ning på om­rå­de­ne som er dek­ket av det­te pro­sjek­tet.