Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2009
Forfattere
Heleen A. de Wit Rasmus Astrup Torill Engen-Skaugen Annika Hofgaard Glen Peters Line Tau StrandSammendrag
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Forfattere
Inger MartinussenSammendrag
Wild berries are characteristic part of the Northern nature and a potential speciality of Nordic countries. Wild berries are also a rich and valuable resource that has not yet been exploited in a satisfactory level. Approximately 90-95 per cent of the whole wild berry crop yield is left unpicked in the Nordic forests every year. The challenges of the wild berry utilization are similar in Nordic countries - the logistics of berry picking including traceability, fragmented sector structure as well as the high share of unprocessed raw material in export. The Nordic project focusing on bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) "Bilberry: Towards functional food markets" (2007-2009) is a part of the New Nordic Food programme funded by the Nordic Innovation Centre. The programme aims to enhance cooperation and innovation among companies that utilize the natural resources in the Nordic countries. The aim of the project is to improve wild berry production and utilization in the Nordic and global market. To achieve this goal a network between the Nordic experts presenting the different fields of the wild berry sector has been established. The project has focused on marketing research, quality issues, biodiversity and traceability of wild berries, especially bilberry. The results of the marketing survey were published in November 2008. The aim of the survey was to generate an overall picture of the companies working with wild berries in Nordic countries and gather information on the existence and willingness of the berry companies to cooperate for instance in wild berry supply, logistics, marketing or research and development
Forfattere
Atle Hauge Erik Joner Pål HaraldsenSammendrag
Dette er et sammendrag for Fangdammer.
Sammendrag
The report tests the method for assessing osmotic power potential (developed by Bioforsk, SINTEF and NIVA). The method was found useful in practice and the potential for power production in the Trøndelag counties have been calculated. For more information on the project, please contact Statkraft.
Forfattere
Audun KorsæthSammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
Neozygites floridana is a fungus in the order Entomophthorales that infects and kills the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae. The fungus is therefore of interest in the biological control of T. urticae. To obtain information that might help in the use of this fungus under practical conditions in strawberries and cucumbers we have tried to answer the following questions in a series of studies: 1) When, and at what infection levels does N. floridana occur in T. urticae populations in field grown strawberries in Norway? 2) How does N. floridana survive harsh climatic conditions (i.e winter) in Norway? 3) Where do N. floridana infected T. urticae move and sporulate on a plant? 4) How can N. floridana be inoculated in augmentative microbial control of T. urticae? Results show that the N. floridana infection level varies considerably throughout a season. T. urticae killed by N. floridana was found to sporulate surprisingly early in the season (first observation March 18) and infection early in the season is important for a good control of T. urticae. N. floridana was observed to over-winter as hyphal bodies in hibernating T. urticae females throughout the winter. Cadavers with resting spores were found from October to the end of January only. Cadavers then probably disintegrated, and resting spores were left on leaves, soil, etc. In a bioassay where a Norwegian N. floridana isolate was tested for numbers and distance of spores thrown at three different temperatures relevant to Norwegian conditions (13o, 18o, 23o C), results show that the highest numbers of spores (1886 and 1733 per cadaver) were thrown at 13o and 18o compared to 23o C (1302 per cadaver). Spores were thrown at the same distance (up to about 6 mm) at all three temperatures. These results show that the fungus may be a promising agent at temperatures relevant for strawberry production in countries located in Northern areas. Our attempt to inoculate N. floridana artificially in a strawberry field and also in greenhouse cucumbers has not been successful yet, but we are working to improve the methods in a new project titled "BERRYSYS -A system approach to biocontrol in organic and integrated strawberry production".
Forfattere
Mikael Ohlson Barbro Kristina Dahlberg Tonje Økland Kendrick J. Brown Rune HalvorsenSammendrag
Forest fires release significant amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere(1), but also convert a fraction of the burning vegetation to charred black carbon. Black carbon is hard to break down, and formation of this reserve therefore creates a long-term soil carbon sink(2-7). However, although soil black carbon pools are important for global carbon budgets, the spatial variation and dynamics of these pools are poorly understood(6-9). Here we examine the charcoal content of 845 soil samples collected from a broad range of boreal forest landscapes and climates in Scandinavia. We show that there is considerable variation in the distribution and carbon content of soil charcoal between forest landscapes; the landscape-level amount of soil carbon stored in charcoal ranged from 0 to 222 g Cm-2, with an average of 77 g Cm-2. The carbon concentration in the soil charcoal is significantly lower than that found in recently produced fresh charcoal, suggesting that charcoal carbon content decreases with time. Indeed, the median age of a subset of C-14-dated soil charcoal particles was 652 years, implying a rapid turnover compared with the expected median age of approximately 5,000 years if charcoal is persistent. Assuming that our measurements are representative of boreal forests worldwide, we estimate that boreal forest soils store 1 Pg of carbon in the form of charcoal, equivalent to 1% of the total plant carbon stock in boreal forests.
Forfattere
Richard Fischer Martin Lorenz Michael Köhl Georg Becher Oliver Granke Alexey Bobrinsky Tatyana Braslavskaya Wim de Vries Matthias Dobbertin Philipp Kraft Daniel Laubhann Natalia Lukina Hans Dieter Nagel Gert Jan Reinds Hubert Sterba Svein Solberg Silvia Stofer Walter SeidlingSammendrag
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