Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2009
Forfattere
Johannes DeelstraSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Trude Rauken Anne-Grete Buseth Blankenberg Ilan KelmanSammendrag
"CLIMATE: Adapating to extreme Weather in municipalities: what, how and why" er et strategisk instituttprogram med varighet fra 2006-2011. Prosjektet er et samarbeid mellom instituttene i Miljøalliansen; NIBR, NIKU, NILU, NINA, NIVA og Bioforsk Jord og miljø. ·CICERO - Senter for klimaforskning, har koordineringsansvar for prosjektet. Formålet med prosjektet er å øke forståelsen av, og å hjelpe kommunene med å håndtere utfordringer de vil stå over for ved ekstremvær. ·I prosjektet inngår anvendt forskning med fokus på problemstillingen lokale myndigheters håndtering av klimarelaterte ekstremhendelser (katastrofer). ·Klimarelaterte ekstremhendelser og konsekvenser kan eksempelvis være: hete, kulde, vind/stormer, ekstrem nedbør, flom, ras, snøskred, skogbrann, ødeleggelse av bygninger, veier, jernbane, tap/endret plante og dyreliv, forringelse av drikkevannskilder og sykdom. I for bindelse med prosjektet er det opprettet en nettside www.klimakmmune.no som blant annet inneholder faktaark om problemstillinger og tiltak, case-studier, støtte og veiledning til kommuner og resultater fra forskningsprosjekter (artikler og publikasjoner). Siden oppdateres fortløpende etter hvert som nye forskningsresultater kommer til.
Sammendrag
Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus), also called European blueberry, is one of the most significant wild berries in the Nordic countries. The berries are recognized for their bioactive properties and distinctive aroma and flavor. The effects of climate on production and the quality of bilberries have been studied in a controlled experiment in a phytotrone using clonal material. In the experiment individual plants from two Northern clones and two Southern clones of bilberry have been grown at 12◦ and 18◦ C. At each temperature 3 different light treatments have been tested; 1) 24 hour (h) natural light (long day); 2) 24 h natural light with addition of red light and 3) 12 h light (short day). All plants were kept outside during flowering to ensure pollination by insects. Berries were sampled when ripe, weighed and stored at -80◦C for later analysis of carbohydrates, acids, phenols, anthocyanins and ascorbic acid. At 12◦C the two Northern clones produced the first ripe berries 5 weeks after pollination, while the two Southern clones needed an extra two weeks to ripening. This difference was most evident at the 24 hour day length treatment. At 18◦C both the Northern and Southern clones had ripe berries from 5 weeks after pollination. The results also indicate that the Northern clones produce better at long days, with and without addition of red light, compared to the Southern clones. The levels of fructose, glucose and sucrose are higher in berries developed at 12 than 18◦ C (means of all treatments and all clones). Also the level of citric acid, quinic acid, myo-inositol, gallic acid, cathecin, epigallocatechin, catechin derivates and quercetin are higher at the lowest temperature.
Forfattere
Inger Martinussen Jens Rohloff Eivind Uleberg Olavi Junttila Anja Hohtola Laura Jaakola Hely HäggmanSammendrag
Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus), also called European blueberry, is one of the most significant wild berries in the Nordic countries. The berries are recognized for their bioactive properties and distinctive aroma and flavour. The effects of climate on production and the quality of bilberries have been studied in a controlled experiment in a phytotrone using clonal material. In the experiment individual plants from two Northern clones and two Southern clones of bilberry have been grown at 12° and 18°C. At each temperature 2 different light treatments have been tested; 1) 24 hour (h) natural light (long day) and 2) 12 h natural light (short day). All plants were kept outside during flowering to ensure pollination by insects. Berries were sampled when ripe, weighed and stored at -80°C for later analysis
Sammendrag
The effect of climate on production and the quality of bilberries have been studied in a controlled experiment using clonal material. In the experiment individual plants from two northern clones and two southern clones of bilberry have been grown on 12◦ and 18◦ C. At each temperature 3 different light treatments have been tested; 1) 24 hour (h) natural light (long day); 2) 24 h natural light with addition of red light and 3) 12 h light (short day). All plants were kept outside during flowering to ensure pollination by insects. Berries were sampled when ripe, weighed and stored at -80◦C for later analysis of pH, sugars, acids, total phenols, total anthocyanins and total antioxidant activity.
Sammendrag
Two female and two male cultivars have previously been released as a result of clone evaluation at Bioforsk Nord Holt. The selection criteria were the number of pistils or stamens per flower, the number of flowers and the number of shoots per m2. Currently a new group of clones are being evaluated with the aim of finding new cultivars for release. The preliminary results on flowering and berry production show a strong variance in these traits. Over three years of registration, the number of produced flowers varied from under 100 for the weakest clone to more than 1000 for the best clone. The number of produced berries varied from 9 for the weakest clone to 242 for the best clone. The three clones that produced the most flowers all had very low berry production and deviated from the rest of the clones by having high numbers of flowers per harvested berry. New selection criteria will be considered before selection of new cultivars for release. In addition to the production traits, new selection criteria will most likely include berry contents, such as the levels of antioxidants.
Forfattere
Liv Nilsen Asbjørn MoenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Within the scope of the ClimRunoff project, it is necessary to develop an accurate method for estimating peak discharges for the purpose of correctly sizing hydraulic structures at road and rail crossings. The presence of a snowpack and/or ice has an impact on the way the watershed will react to rain events. The first step in understanding the effects of the changing climate is to understand the reaction of the catchment to situations that are happening in today"s climate. After correctly modeling the processes currently occurring during cold seasons today, future scenarios can be modeled to see what effects changes in precipitation patterns and temperatures will have on catchment hydrology. The overall goal of this work is to provide an accurate estimate of runoff water produced from snowmelt on a catchment scale in order to support the development of more accurate methods of estimating peak discharge for road drainage structures. Use is made of the Utah Energy Balance model and the LISEM model. The coupling of the UEB and LISEM models provides valuable insight into the hydrological processes and responses occurring during winter periods. However, more work is needed to improve our understanding and quantification of soil-water interactions during cold periods, which can cause great deviations from hydrologic processes observed during warmer periods.
Forfattere
Ingrid L.P. Nyborg Bahadar Nawab Ola Hanserud Gry SynnevaagSammendrag
The report presents the background for the workshop; approaches, opportunities and challenges in sanitation in Afghanistan and Pakistan; the potential contribution of CIIT and UMB in sustainable sanitation; the potential for future collaboration; and workshop follow-up.