Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2025
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Forfattere
Yuri Lebedin, Xema OY Anna Antropova Valentina Maygurova Marina Usoltseva Tatiana Gagkaeva Tatsiana EspevigSammendrag
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Sammendrag
ire has the immediate effect that roughly half of carbon and nitrogen is emitted and lost from forest floors, that the remaining ashes fertilize the ground and pools of dead organic matter and stable black carbon is produced. Depending on the intensity of the fire it will potentially have long lasting physical, chemical and biological effects. Fire as a disturbance agent to the forest floor has acted on the forest landscapes in Scandinavia since the last glaciation as a natural phenomenon and as a result of human activities. Fires have likely occurred in all forests in Norway even though sampling and dating of charcoal in selected landscapes indicate a lower frequency along the west coast than in the southeastern forest region and in neighboring Sweden. Where the availability of synthetic fertilizers in agriculture (ca. 1900) and the significance of timber value and -trade (ca. 1700) mark important shifts in fire occurrence and avoidance, forest fires have been successfully suppressed with documented effects since the 1970’s likely leading to an accumulation of forest floor organic matter. Using a one-time survey of >8000 registrations of the thickness of the forest floor, its sub-layers, humus form and the occurrence of charcoal in upland forests of the Norwegian National Forest Inventory, we investigate the regional distribution of charcoal occurrence in upland forests indicating earlier fire activity and look for legacies on carbon stocks or forest floor characteristics using available national soil survey data. Forest floors in boreal and cold temperate forests hold 30-60% of total forest soil carbon stocks equivalent in magnitude to that held by the living biomass of trees. Thus, we further estimate the areas and forest floor carbon stocks most likely to gain increased vulnerability to fire under future climate conditions.
Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Sammendrag
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Forfattere
Tatsiana Espevig Kristine Sundsdal Victoria Stornes Moen Ramsøy Kate Entwistle, The Turf Disease Centre Usoltseva Marina, Botaniska Analysgruppen Sabine Braitmaier, ProSementis GmbH Daniel Hunt, University of Applied Science Osnabrück Carlos Guerrero Monica Skogen Erik LysøeSammendrag
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Forfattere
Johanna Witzell Alberto Vilagrosa Branko Kanjevac Kjersti Holt Hanssen Donato Chiatante Ieva Bebre Palle Madsen Melis Çerçioğlu Luna MorcilloSammendrag
Forests can be established through active methods like planting or direct seeding, or passive approaches that rely on natural regeneration. Each method has its own advantages and challenges, especially in the context of climate change. The choice of forestation methods (afforestation, reforestation, and restoration) must consider environmental factors, including soil conditions and past land use, which significantly influence the likelihood of successful regeneration. Ecological objectives, such as promoting beneficial biodiversity and soil health, are increasingly recognized, as well as more traditional productivity-oriented objectives, in adapting to environmental pressures and altered climate. Increasingly, the aim is to establish mixed-species forests, which are more resilient to climate change, pests, and diseases. This chapter discusses forward-looking practices for climate-responsive site preparation, direct seeding, planting, and natural regeneration. Natural regeneration relies on the natural dispersal of seeds, while artificial methods allow for greater control over outcomes. Seedling characteristics and species traits must be aligned with site conditions to enhance establishment success. Direct seeding is a viable method for large-scale forest regeneration if the necessary conditions are met. Recent technological advancements in seed treatment and mechanical seeding techniques can improve germination rates and seedling survival. The main goal of site preparation is to create optimal conditions for young plants, and innovative approaches for assessing and improving these conditions are introduced, including precision seeding and enhancing beneficial microbiomes at planting sites. The presence or absence of an overstory significantly influences seedling establishment. Overstory cover can either enhance or suppress seedling growth through resource competition and microclimate regulation. Site preparation must balance light and moisture availability and temperature. Innovative strategies for improving forest regeneration have emerged, including the use of introduced species and selected genetic materials better suited to changing climatic conditions. Plant-associated and soil microbes enhance seedling establishment, and beneficial microbiomes that favor seedling growth and health can be introduced in the nursery or on sites to support sustainable forestation. Nurse trees can provide sheltered environments that mitigate abiotic stress on seedlings. Remote sensing and digital technologies are important in precision forestry. Drone-assisted techniques for site inventory and monitoring can potentially improve data collection and monitoring and provide practitioners with timely information for decision-making. Overall, this chapter provides a comprehensive overview of forward-looking practices that aim to enhance forest resilience and sustainability in the face of climate change.