Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2003
Sammendrag
Summary (English) Pharmaceuticals such as ibuprofen, carbamacepin and naproxen and the endocrine disrupters bisphenol A and nonylphenol are found in leachates from Norwegian municipal landfills. Ibuprofen and the musk compounds tonalid and galaxolide were found in all samples, but the concentration in the old, inactive part of the landfill was particularly high. The endocrine distruptors bisphenol A and nonylphenol were also detected in all samples, and the concentrations in two water samples taken downstream the landfill, were in the same range as found in the old part. The PAHs found in the leachates were methyl substituted naphtahalen, biphenyl, acenapthylene, acenapthene, fluorene and phenanthrene. All samples were filtrated (< 0,5 ?m) before analysis. Filtrates from two wells were analyzed to measure transportable organic pollutants. Most of the PAH compounds were detected both in filtrate of water sample from the new, active part of the landfill and filtrate of influent water to the treatment plant which is located 200 m downstream the landfill. This was also the case for the polycyclic musk compounds and bisphenol A. Nonylphenol was detected only in the filtrate from samples in the new landfill.
Forfattere
Peder GjerdrumSammendrag
The timber industry in Norway is quite fragmented. Several small-scale and a few medium-sized sawmill add up to an annual production of 2.5 mill. m3. Since three decades, most of the timber is kiln dried. Modern kilns and enhanced modelling contribute to improved drying quality and increased drying speed. However, due to harsh competition, fast dried, inferior drying quality timber is continually being offered and accepted for trade in the European area. This might put the overall goodwill for timber at hazard in the long run. Unfortunately, the detection of drying quality properties is quite complex. In this situation, industry and RTD-bodies like the Norwegian Forest Research Institute co-operate to offer competence-building activities. Seminars in wood drying and related topics are offered mainly on a corporate basis, thereby introducing an intimate atmosphere for dealing with these cautious topics. A fixed number of participants meet regularly for two day\"s of intensive work over a period of two or three years. The seminars typically include persons from all levels of the factory organisation, incorporating salesmen, mill operators and maintenance together with kiln operators, sometimes also bringing inn external customers. Work alternate between practical experiments, presentations and training. The activity is continued in working groups between the meetings. All seminars are adequately reported with respect to findings, thereby enhancing the business value of the achievements. The seminars also provide an invaluable basis for research projects and for recruiting fresh candidates. For the institute, this symbiosis with industry helps keeping focus on factors influencing profitability in the timber business.
Forfattere
Steen Koekebakker Gudbrand LienSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Tor Erik Brandrud Per Arild Aarrestad Petter Nilsen Hans-Christian Teien Wenche Aas T. Larssen Brit Salbu Kjetil Tørseth Lene Sørlie Heier William Standring Frode KroglundRedaktører
Atle HindarSammendrag
Rapporten oppsummerer Terrengkalkingsprosjektets resultater. Prosjektet ble startet for å teste terrengkalking som tiltak mot forsuringseffekter i vassdrag. Vannkjemi, jordkjemi, biologiske og økonomiske forhold er undersøkt. Denne kalkingsteknikken erbrukt ved fullskala forsøk i tre forsøksfelt; Gjerstad i Aust-Agder, Suldal i Rogaland og i Flekke-Guddalvassdraget i Sogn og Fjordane. Feltene ble kalket i hhv. 1994, 1998 og 1999. Det er derfor en begrenset periode som foreløpig er undersøkt, men vannkjemiske data fra Gjerstad har gitt grunnlag for å modellere utviklingen framover. Resultatene viser at de vannkjemiske effektene ved doser på 2-3 tonn/ha er svært gode; giftig aluminium reduseres til akseptable nivåer og den oppnådde vannkvaliteten erstabil over flere år, også i feltene på Vestlandet. Det er funnet kalkingsrelaterte skader på moser og vegetasjon, men skadene er mindre enn de en kan forvente pga naturlig år til år variasjon. Det er ikke funnet effekter på trærnes tilvekst eller vitalitet. Akseptable terrengkalkingseffekter over … år gjør at økonomien ved slike tiltak …..
Forfattere
G. Strømman E. JensenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Artikkelen omhandlar utprøving av ulike system for varsling av gråskimmel i jordbær i Belgia, England, Italia, Nederland og Noreg.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Åshild Ergon Helge Skinnes Anne-Marte TronsmoSammendrag
Vinteroverlevelsen til 24 høsthvetelinjer ble vurdert på tre steder i sørøst-Norge i 1996-97 og 1997-98. Plantene ble smitta med en mycelsuspensjon av Microdochium nivale eller M. nivale-mycel dyrka på kokt korn, eller de forble usmitta. Det var bare i noen av forsøkene at det påførte inokulumet førte til høyere smittepress. Miljøvariasjoner hadde en større effekt på variasjonen i vinteroverlevelse mellom høsthvetelinjene en det påført inokulum hadde, og det var derfor vanskelig å si noe om variasjonen i spesifikk snømuggresistens.
Forfattere
Christian Noell Mogens LundSammendrag
Nowadays agricultural firms are more often than in the past decades forced to adapt operations, plans, strategies etc. to changes and uncertainties in their legal and business environment. The Balanced Scorecard (BSC) as an approach to strategic controlling in agriculture is discussed as an answer to the growing management demands in Danish farms. A brief description of the BSC-concept, its development process as well as principle potentials and limitations is given. In a case example on a dairy farm the current Danish strategic planning framework and the BSC are compared. The need for a stricter orientation of strategic planning to external demands (customers, stakeholders) is emphasised. Necessary prerequisites for the implementation of the BSC-concept into practical farming are discussed. Finally five critical success factors to the BSC adoption by Danish farmers are identified.
Sammendrag
We fogged trees in two pine dominated forests in Norway with a synthetic pyrethroid in order to compare the canopy-dwelling fauna of arthropods between costal (Kvam) and boreal (Sigdal) sites and between old (250-330 years) and mature (60-120 years) trees at Sigdal. Almost 30,000 specimens were assigned to 510 species; only 93 species were present at both sites. Species diversity, as established by rarefaction, was similar in old and mature trees. However, the number of species new to Norway (including nine species new to science) was significantly higher in the old trees. We suggest that the scarcity of old trees, habitat heterogeneity and structural differences between old and mature trees may explain these patterns. Productivity and topographic position at the site of growth explained the between-tree variation in species occurrence for the more abundant species, which were mainly Collembola and Oribatida. Species diversity was similar at the boreal and coastal sites, but there were clear differences in species composition