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Publikasjoner

NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.

2005

Sammendrag

Current situation and bottlenecks for further development of the bioenergy sector in Norway is analyzed. The transcation costs are found to be high in Norway compared with Sweden. Government programs to support local and district heating and program to support rural bioenergy is important to reduce trancaction costs. Development of standards are important to reduce uncertainty. Building standards are in many cases not in favour of bioenergy. Green certificates will be an opportunity, but there is uncertainty about the introduction date in Norway. For liquid fuels there are limited resources available from agriculture, the potential is much larger potential from forest fuels, but then R&D is needed.

Sammendrag

Forest owners get only a nominal pay when delievering forest residues for energy purposes. At the same time there might be negative environmental effects as nutrient loss and production loss. Compensation measures could be ash disposal and fertilization. This has a cost, but due to sustainability restrictions compensation measures might be seen as obligatory. Other negative environmental effects include possible effects on biodiversity and acidification. Positive effects include impact on GHG balance and reduced silvicultural costs. We study this problem from the forest owner?s view and from the society?s view in a cost-benefit context. The results vary with physical inputs as deposition and soil type and with assumptions concerning economic variables as shadow price of carbon.

Sammendrag

About 22 % of the conventional dairy and cash crop farmers in Norway were considering or were planning to convert to organic farming during the next four years. For these farmers, here called potential converters, higher soil fertility, professional challenges, profitability, and organic farming payments were important motives for considering to convert.