Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2004
Sammendrag
Chitosan, a derivate of the natural amino polysaccharide chitin, has proven effective as a potential environmentally benign antimicrobial component. Few studies have focused on chitosan applied to wood against wood inhabiting and decaying fungi.In these screening studies several mycological experiments were performed to screen chitosan as a potential wood protecting agent. Growth studies on chitosan-amended media showed total inhibition of Poria placenta, Coriolus versicolor and Aspergillus niger using 1% w/v concentration.Chitosan with high average molecular weight (MW) was more efficient against mould and staining fungi than chitosan with low MW. Agar plate leaching tests showed only a small leaching effect using a 5% concentration on A. niger and P. placenta. Decay testing with P. placenta demonstrated efficacy using 5% and 2.5% concentrations in unleached samples. Leaching decreased the efficacy of chitosan and further investigations are needed to improve the fixation in wood.
Sammendrag
In this study modified linseed oils, rape oil and three waxes were screened on their efficacy as wood protecting agents. By testing all products when impregnated with high retentions in Scots Pine sapwood on water repellence qualities, additionally an accelerated weathering test, drying quality, accelerated brown rot and blue stain test, an indication is formed of the capability of these products as wood protecting treatments. All oil and wax treatments significantly improve the water repellency of untreated wood. In weathering resistance, maleinised and polymerised linseed oil showed the best results in improving untreated pine sapwood dimensional stability thus reducing crack formation and decolourization by UV-light. In accelerated brown rot and blue stain tests boiled linseed oil significantly reduced degradation and staining. In addition, maleinised linseed oil and a mixture of modified linseed- and mineral oil are very well performing in the blue stain test. Overall most promising products are the maleinised oils and boiled linseed oil. The maleinised oils have good potentials in long lasting water repellency, showed some fungal growth prevention, are colour stable in weathering tests and create a dimensional stable wood product. Boiled linseed oil is not exceptionally good as a water repellent, but the good drying qualities together with easy handling makes this oil a promising product.
Sammendrag
Tall oil is a by-product in pulping of resinous wood by the sulphate process. Tall oil contains a complex mixture of wood extractives. Some of these extractives act as natural protection against wood decaying fungi while other serve as nutrition for the fungi. This report describes a screening of the efficacy of four refined tall oils with different chemical composition on wood decaying fungi.Testing was performed as filter paper assay and mini-block assay. In the filter paper assay growth rates of the white rot fungus Coriolus versicolor and the brown rot fungus Poria placenta were inhibited by the tall oils. None of the oils caused total inhibition of the fungi but there was a clear pattern towards increased efficacy with increased portion of resin acids in the oils.Impregnated mini-blocks with approximately 200 kg/m3 retention of tall oil after leaching showed an evident effect against Coniophora puteana and Poria placenta compared to untreated control samples. However, using the criteria from EN 113 requiring less than 3% mass loss, tall oil failed.The results indicate that decay resistance of tall oil impregnated Scots pine sapwood to the retention level used in this study is comparable with the decay resistance of Scots pine heartwood. It was expected that the efficacy of the tall oils was related to chemical composition of the oils. This was confirmed for the filter paper assay where the efficacy increased with increasing amount of resin acids. However, this pattern was not found for the mini-block assay.The protective effect of the tall oils in wood seems therefore to be more related to their hydrophobic properties than to their fungicidal properties.
Forfattere
Erlend Ystrøm Haartveit Dag FjeldSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Petter SnilsbergSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Tor J. JohansenSammendrag
Lav smittefare gir mulighet for produksjon av settepoteter nærmest fri for potettørråte og bladlusoverførte virus i nordlige regioner. Økologisk settepotetproduksjon er derfor nå etablert hos noen dyrkere i de nordligste og foreløpig tørråtefrie områdene. Forsøk viser at vitalitet og avlingspotensiale hos nordlig og sørlig settepotetmateriale ikke avviker særlig under norske forhold.
Forfattere
Tor J. JohansenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Tore SkrøppaSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Richard MeadowSammendrag
Dagens bekjempelse av kålfluene i konvensjonell og integrert dyrking er basert på bruk av flere ulike fosformidler. Samtlige av disse blir utilgjengelige etter 2005. Det har i en årrekke vært undersøkelser på alternativer til fosformidler i bekjempelsen av kålfluer, men så langt har ingen andre midler eller metoder viste seg å være tilstrekkelig til å erstatte disse. De mest lovende skal presenteres her. For andre skadedyr som volder skade i kålvekster er både fosformidler og pyretroider brukt. Etter 2005 er bare pyretroidene igjen. For visse sommerfugler som kålmøll er det en reell fare for resistensutvikling. For å motvirke dette må vi ha flere type midler og flere metoder tilgjengelig. Flere midler har vært til utprøving ved Planteforsk, Plantevernet med lovende resultat. For kålgallmyggen vil bekjempelsen med pyretroider kreve mer presisjon m.h.t. behandling til rett tid. Et feromon er funnet for gallmyggen og skal prøves ut i feller i kommende sesong. Dette vil bidra til bedre bekjempelse.