Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2009
Forfattere
Rolf NestbySammendrag
Konklusjon.Innvik: Både Agromarin og Marihøne+ gir god avling. Ingen forskjell på gjødselmengder. Ingen positiv virkning av dryppgjødsling. Brønnøysund: Både Agromarin og Marihøne gir god avling.Samspill drypp og fastgjødsel i 2009: Dryppgjødsel + fastgjødsel var positivt i 2009. Harstad: Økt mengde fastgjødsel ga større avling. Agromarin er dårligere enn Marihøne+: K-effekt? Dryppgjødsel + fastgjødsel ga større avling
Forfattere
Anette SundbyeSammendrag
Forsøksresultatene som presenteres i denne rapporten er for det meste biologisk godkjenningsprøving av skadedyrmidler, samt prøving i småkulturer utført med finansiering fra Handlingsplanen på oppdrag fra Mattilsynet i 2009. I tillegg er det forsøk eller egne forsøksledd som grupperes som biologisk utviklingsprøving. Utviklingsprøvingen er finansiert av Bioforsk, importører/tilvirkere av plantevernmidler, produsentgrupper eller av Landbruks- og matdepartementet. For eventuelle restanalyseforsøk som er utført, er kjemiske analyser gjort av Fagseksjon Pesticidkjemi ved Bioforsk Plantehelse. Forsøkene er utført etter GEP-kvalitet, hvis ikke annet er nevnt. Dette innebærer at det er utarbeidet skriftlige prosedyrer for nesten alle arbeidsprosesser.
Forfattere
Vitalis Wafula Wekesa Gilberto Jose de Moraes Edwin Moisés Marcos Ortega Italo Delalibera Jr.Sammendrag
The fungal pathogen Neozygites floridana Weiser and Muma has been evaluated as a classical biologicalcandidate for introduction into Africa against the invasive tomato red spider mite Tetranychus evansiBaker and Pritchard. In this study, the effect of temperature on sporulation, germination and virulenceof three isolates of N. floridana collected from T. evansi in three climatically distinct regions of Braziland Argentina was determined. Six constant temperatures of 13 C, 17 C, 21 C, 25 C, 29 C and 33 Cwere tested for their effect on the ability of the three fungal isolates to sporulate, germinate and killthe mites. Six alternating-temperature regimes of 17-13 C, 21-13 C, 29-13 C, 33-13 C, 33-23 C,33-28 C under a 12 h photophase were also tested to estimate virulence of the three isolates againstT. evansi. The Vipos isolate discharged more conidia than isolates from Recife or Piracicaba at all temperaturesand sporulation was strongly temperature dependent. Optimal sporulation rates were observed at25 C while optimal germination rates were observed at 25 C and 29 C. At 29 C, the shortest mean survivaltime of T. evansi (3.16 days, 95% CI of 3.05-3.27) was observed for the isolate from Vipos, while thelongest LT50 (3.47 days, 95% CI 3.34-3.59) was observed for the isolate from Piracicaba. Mortality of mitesincreased as the differences between alternating day and night temperatures increased from 8 C (21-13 C), to 10 C (33-23 C), to 16 C (29-13 C), with smallest and highest temperature differences of4 C (17-13 C) and 20 C (33-13 C), both producing low mortalities. The overall results suggest thatthe Vipos isolate is better adapted to a wider range of temperatures than the other isolates tested.
Forfattere
Agnethe ChristiansenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Ole Martin Eklo Randi Bolli Jens Kværner Tore Sveistrup Frauke Hofmeister Eivind Solbakken Nick Jarvis Fredrik Stenemo Eirik Romstad Borghild Glorvigen Tor Anton GurenSammendrag
Contribution of pollution from pesticides is often located to minor areas within a field. Areas with coarse textured materials in the soil profile often represent "hot spots" with high risk of leaching, but also areas with example structured clay soils may be "hot spots". Other areas can be slopes or bottoms in depressions on plateaus were water can be ponded in wet periods or in springtime before the frost has disappeared from the soil profile. If pesticides with high risk of leaching were avoided on these areas, the contribution to groundwater pollution could be reduced extensively. Up to now limited information or tools have been developed for farmers to identify these areas. In a newly completed project, tools for groundwater and surface water protection was developed and evaluated. Three different types of tools have been developed: Topographical maps, risk tables and risk maps. Micro-topographical maps were developed to identify depressions and other vulnerable areas representing high risk of leaching and runoff. Tables of pesticide leaching risk to drainage and groundwater were derived from model simulations in spring cereals and potatoes with the mostly used plant protection strategies on the most common soil types for the areas. A meta-model was used for calculation of pesticide concentrations in groundwater and drainage water, coupled with digital soil maps and presented by Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Farmers from two areas evaluated the usefulness of these tools.Generally the farmers" attitudes to the new tools were positive, but this type of information should be integrated in already existing planning tools at the farm, like fertilizer planning. The project produces large amounts of information and an electronic presentation readily understood and easy to follow is important. In some cases different soil types and topography within the farm represented different risk of leaching. In such cases, it is necessary to easily find pesticides to be used for all areas to avoid time consuming washing and change of equipment.
Forfattere
Børge HolenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Børge HolenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Marit Larsen Sekse Sonja KlemsdalSammendrag
The apple fruit moth (Argyresthia conjugella) is a serious pest in apples. It is a specialist seed predator of rowan, but the females will lay eggs on apples when rowan berries are scarce. Olfaction is important for many insect species in locating host plants. The odorant detection results from the association of odorous ligands with specific olfactory receptors, which are located in the membrane of the olfactory neurons. The aim of this work is to identify and characterize the odorant receptor genes and the genes involved in the regulation of the circadian olfactory response rhythm in the female apple fruit moth. In order to identify ORs, and other genes involved in olfaction, in the apple fruit moth a library of mRNA up-regulated in the antenna compared to the legs was made using subtractive hybridization. In total 864 clones have been sequenced. For 443 of the sequences no homology to known genes could be found using Blastx and blastn. Of the remaining sequences many have homology to genes that are known or believed to be involved in olfaction. These include odorant binding proteins, sensory neuron membrane proteins, chemosensory proteins, glutathione S-transferases, Odorant receptor 83b. This indicates that the subtraction has been successful and that the library is enriched in genes involved in olfaction. The sequences that it has not yet been possible to identify will be interesting for future studies.
Forfattere
Marit Larsen SekseSammendrag
The apple fruit moth (Argyresthia conjugella) is a serious pest in apples. It is a specialist seed predator of rowan, but the females will lay eggs on apples when rowan berries are scarce. Olfaction is important for many insect species in locating host plants. The odorant detection results from the association of odorous ligands with specific olfactory receptors, which are located in the membrane of the olfactory neurons. The aim of this work is to identify and characterize the odorant receptor genes and the genes involved in the regulation of the circadian olfactory response rhythm in the female apple fruit moth. In order to identify ORs, and other genes involved in olfaction, in the apple fruit moth a library of mRNA up-regulated in the antenna compared to the legs was made using subtractive hybridization. In total 864 clones have been sequenced. For 443 of the sequences no homology to known genes could be found using Blastx and blastn. Of the remaining sequences many have homology to genes that are known or believed to be involved in olfaction. These include odorant binding proteins, sensory neuron membrane proteins, chemosensory proteins, glutathione S-transferases, Odorant receptor 83b. This indicates that the subtraction has been successful and that the library is enriched in genes involved in olfaction. The sequences that it has not yet been possible to identify will be interesting for future studies.